This document outlines a proposed study to validate the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with early stage breast cancer. The study aims to evaluate the accuracy of SLNB compared to axillary lymph node dissection and assess its ability to reduce morbidity. Forty early stage breast cancer patients will undergo SLNB using methylene blue dye and ultrasound guidance. The sentinel lymph nodes will be examined intraoperatively via frozen section and subsequently through histopathology. Results will be analyzed to determine sensitivity, accuracy, and predictive values of SLNB compared to final histopathology reports. The study aims to demonstrate whether SLNB can accurately identify lymph node involvement and avoid unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection in early stage breast cancer patients.
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
Buy Verified PayPal Account | Buy Google 5 Star Reviewsusawebmarket
Buy Verified PayPal Account
Looking to buy verified PayPal accounts? Discover 7 expert tips for safely purchasing a verified PayPal account in 2024. Ensure security and reliability for your transactions.
PayPal Services Features-
🟢 Email Access
🟢 Bank Added
🟢 Card Verified
🟢 Full SSN Provided
🟢 Phone Number Access
🟢 Driving License Copy
🟢 Fasted Delivery
Client Satisfaction is Our First priority. Our services is very appropriate to buy. We assume that the first-rate way to purchase our offerings is to order on the website. If you have any worry in our cooperation usually You can order us on Skype or Telegram.
24/7 Hours Reply/Please Contact
usawebmarketEmail: support@usawebmarket.com
Skype: usawebmarket
Telegram: @usawebmarket
WhatsApp: +1(218) 203-5951
USA WEB MARKET is the Best Verified PayPal, Payoneer, Cash App, Skrill, Neteller, Stripe Account and SEO, SMM Service provider.100%Satisfection granted.100% replacement Granted.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Affordable Stationery Printing Services in Jaipur | Navpack n PrintNavpack & Print
Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
1. PT. B.D. SHARMA UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH
SCIENCES, ROHTAK
• Proposed subject of THESIS : To validate the Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in patients of
early stage breast cancer
Dr. Manoj,
Post Graduate Student
Department of General Surgery
Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS,
Rohtak
Dr. Nityasha Dalal
Senior Professor
Department of General Surgery
Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak
(SUPERVISOR)
2. ETHICAL JUSTIFICATION
All the procedures mentioned in material and method section of present study plan are standard procedure
worldwide. No unethical tests or procedures will be employed during this study. Hence this study is ethically
justified. However, the proposed study “To validate the Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in patients of early
stage breast cancer” will be undertaken after getting informed consent from the enrolled patients.
Dr. Manoj,
Post Graduate Student
Department of General Surgery
Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS,
Rohtak
Dr. Nityasha Dalal
Senior Professor
Department of General Surgery
Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS,
Rohtak
(SUPERVISOR)
Dr. Hans Raj Ranga
Senior Professor and Unit Head
Chairman PG Board of Studies in Surgery
Department of General Surgery
Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak
Dr. M G Vashist
Sr. Professor and Head
Department of General Surgery
Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS,
Rohtak
3. INTRODUCTION
• Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer
among women worldwide. Early stage breast cancer is
characterized by small tumors that have not yet spread
to other parts of the body.
• Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is a surgical
technique used to determine if cancer has spread to the
lymph nodes near the breast. The role of SLNB in
patients with early stage breast cancer is a topic of
ongoing debate.
4. • The purpose of this presentation is to explore the evidence supporting the use of SLNB in patients with early stage breast
cancer and to evaluate its impact on patient outcomes.
• Patients with breast carcinoma, axillary LN status is a significant prognostic factor and care determinant.
• Surgical management of the axilla in women with invasive breast cancer has changed considerably in the last two decades:
sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has replaced axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) as the primary surgical staging approach.
• Currently, patients identified by SLNB with node-positive disease frequently undergo a complete ALND and further surgical
and medical management as indicated by their pathology.
• In the 1990s the standard of surgical practice has moved from complete ALND to sampling level I and II lymph nodes. The
most recent development is performing axillary SLNB. Patients without clinical involvement of the axilla should undergo
SLNB routinely, and no additional lymph node surgery is needed when the sentinel node is disease-free.
5. RESEARCH QUESTION
Can sentinel lymph node biopsy reduce axillary node dissection morbidities in patients of early breast cancer ?
6. AIM AND OBJECTIVES
AIM:
• To validate the Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in patients of early stage breast cancer.
OBJECTIVES:
• To study the positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in case of early stage breast cancer.
• To study Negative Sentinal Lymph Node rate in patients where axillary lymph node dissection
is avoided.
• To correlate clinical findings and USG findings with SLN Biopsy and Histopathology report.
7. MATERIALAND METHODS
• Study Design: Randomized prospective study.
• Study period: 1 year (May 2023 to May 2024).
• Sample size and sampling technique: A total of 40 patients will
be recruited in this study by non-random purposive sampling.
8. Inclusion Criteria:
• Female’s patients with early-stage breast cancer of any age
and pathology (T1 and T2 N0 M0) will be included
Exclusion Criteria:
• Patient with clinically palpable and radiologically
detectable nodes.
• Locally advanced breast cancer (T3 and T4 with any N,
M0).
• Metastatic breast cancer (any T and N with M1).
• Male breast cancer.
9. METHOD:
• Forty female patients diagnosed with early- stage breast
cancer (T1 and T2 N0 M0) with indeterminate axillary nodes
will be admitted .
• Sensitivity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive
values of preoperative FNAC vs upfront intraoperative
SLNB and frozen portion of indeterminate axillary LNs will
be evaluated using Methylene Blue dye and contrasted, and
both findings will be correlated with the final results of the
histopathological paraffin portion.
10. • Statistical analysis will be done using SPSS software19.0. Data obtained will be tabulated in the
Excel sheet and will be analyzed.
• All values are expressed as mean + standard deviation and non-parametric data will be
expressed as median and min-max values. Chi-square test for proportions in qualitative data.
• Student’s unpaired t–test for Quantitative data. Tests of diagnostic accuracy such as Sensitivity,
specificity, Positive predictive value, and negative predictive value with 95% confidence level
will be calculated.
• P<0.05 is considered statistically significant.
STATISTICALANALYSIS
11. PROFORMA
NAME:
IN PATIENT NUMBER:
AGE /SEX:
ADDRESS
DATE OF ADMISSION:
DATE OF OPERATION:
DATE OF DISCHARGE:
RELIGION:
OCCUPATION:
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS:
(According to modified Kuppuswamy scale) URBAN /
RURAL
LITERATE /IILLITERATE
COMPLAINTS AND DURATION
CLINICAL STAGE :
MAMOGRAPHY :
Core biopsy of breast primary :
12. FNAC of axilla, if positive
SLNB finding :
Final Histopathology report and immunohistochemistry :
(Signature of Candidate)