1. sRU@k`t @n`w#kQy yRwO @b`r#kWm
r#hRN vQX~vvQq&`l@y~ p`lQ h`
@b_q~{ a{&yn aAX@y~ pY{`nQ
pRj& a`c`ry vQ@l~@g`d arQy@q~v hQmQ
kQsQq` p`p#qQyk~ p#q nRpRr#qE @knkOt ek~vrm p`p#qQyk~ p#qWm aphsR @v|. kQsQq` pQhQn` nRpRr#qE @knkOt ekvr pQhQnWm
q aphsR @v|. e@hw~ sw& vcny kw` kQrWmt pRr#q~qk~ avX& @n`@v|. mk~ nQs`q yw~, nRpRr#qE p`p#qQ@y~ gQ@y`w~ v#@tQvQ
yn bQyw~ nRpRr#qE pQhQn@mn~ gQ@l~vQ yn bQyw~ sw& vcny kw` krn @k@nkOt a#wQ @n`@v|. eb#vQn~ obt q#dQ
W
avX&w`vk~ a#wQ nm| @m| @m`@h`@w~ sQtm obt mRs`@vn~ mQqW sw& vcnym k}` kQrWmt h#kQy`vk~ a#w. It avX&
vn~@n~ ob k}` krn vcny pQLQb[ q#dQ av{`nykQn~ sQtWmyQ. sw& vcny k}` kQrWmt @n`v obt pRr#q~qk~ avX&
vn~@n~ @b`r# kW@mn~ v#LkW sQtWmtyQ. mk~ nQs`q yw~ @b`r#kWm sm`j@y~ @b`@h`~ @qn` pRr#q~qk~ kr@gn sQtQn nQs`y.
mRs`@v| a`qWnv qn~@n~ nm| sw&@y~ a`nQXAs qnW nm| ob kQsQq` @b`r# @n`kQynR a#w. @m| lQpQy avs`n@yhQ adRm
wrmQn~ mm @b`r# @n`kQy` sQtWmt mQn~ psR uw~s`h qrmQ yn a{Q;~T`ny a#wQkr gnQw#yQ vQX~v`s krmQ. ey ob@g~ iqQrQ
gmn~ m`rg@y~ wWrN`w~mk a{Q;~T`nyk~ vnR nQs#ky.
@b_q~{, a@b_q~{ kv@rkOt vRvq pAc XWWlyt ekM vQy h#k. e@s~m a`gm| @x~qykQn~ @w`rv o|n$m @knkOt wm
a`gmQk ig#n~vWm|vlt anRkSlv pAc XWly a`rk;` kL h#k. pn~sQl~ rk~n` @knkO wm` h` an&yn~ yn @qpk;ytm
yhpw~ a`nQXAs rFsk~ @m@l`vqWm lb` @qyQ. ap aq s`kc|C` krn mRs`v`q@yn~ v#LkW sQtQn w#n#w~w` sm`j@y~
vQX~vsnWyw~vyt x`jn @v|. kvr a`gmk~ a#qhRvw~ ohRt a`gm| @vnskQn~ @w`rv vQXQ;~tykO vQy h#k.
@b_q~{@y`~ @b`@h`~ @qn` u@q~ hvs pn~sl~ gnQw. xQk;Rvk~ sQtQn uw~svy pAcXWly sm`qn~ vW@mn~ a`rm|x @v|. pAc
Q Q
XWl@yhQ aqhs vn~@n~ mm @mm @m`@h`@w~ ptn~ swOn~ m#rW@mn~, @s`rkm| kQrW@mn~, @b`r# kW@mn~ v#LkW sQtQmQ ynR@vn~
wm`tm wm` @p`@r`n~qE vWmkQ. an&yn~ hmR@v|q ey hV ng` pYk`X kQrWmkQ. e@hw~ kQsQym| XQk;`pqyk~ ob awQn~
k#@d| nm| e~ smgm mRs`v`q XQk;`pqy q KN~dny @v|. @b`r# @p`@r`n~qE qW e~v` n#vw n#vww~ kd kQrWmk~ @mhQ
qk~nt a#w.
swOn~ @n`mrmQ, @s`rkm| @n`krmQ, @b`r# @n`kQymQ y#yQ @p`@r`n~qE @vmQn~ ey kd krn h#m vQtm mRs`v`q XQk;`pqy
kd @v| nm| pn~sl~ g#nW@mn~ pv| @qkk~ sQqE@v| y#yQ q#n~ obt wrk kL h#k. wrk @k`t pn~sl~ @n`@gn sQtWmt ob
Q Q
wWrNy krnR a#w. m` @myQn~ aqhs~ krn~@n~ ob pn~sQl~ g#nW@mn~ v#L#k~vWmt @n`@v|. adRm g`@n~ ob pRr#q~qk~
vX@yn~ gn~n` pAcXWly h` ehQ armRN @h`[Qn~ vth` gw yRwOy yn~n av{`rNy kQrWmtyQ m` @m@s~ aqhs~ q#k~vR@y~.
ap sm`j@y~ sQyyt ekk~ @n`v @qsWykt ek~ a@yk~vw~ mRs`v`q@yn~ v#LkW sQtW@m| XQk;`pqy a`rk;` krn bvk~
@n`@p@n~. m` e@s~ pvsn~@n~ a#w#m| {rm @q~Xn`vkqW @mm m`w^k`@vn~ {rmy @q~Xn` krn vQt "@m| pQrQs awrQn~
@b`r# @n`kQy` sQtQn ay sQtQnv` nm| aw osvn~n" kQy` il~lR vQt iw`mw~ kl`wOrkQn~ @k@nk~ wmyQ bQyk~ s#kk~
n#wQv aw osv` qk~vn~@n~. ILMt m` ovRn~@gn~ il~l` sQtQnv` "@b`r# @n`kQy` sQtWmt uw~s`h gn~n ay sQtQnv` nm|
aw osvn~n" kQy`. evQt nm| e~ pQrQs awr kQhQp@q@nk~ aw osv` qk~vn nQs` ap @b_q~{ y#yQ kQyn @m| sm`j@y~
iw`mw~ tQk @q@nk~ pmNk~ vw~ mRs`v`q XQk;`pq@y~ b#rHr#m|km vth`@gn wQ@bnv`. ey swOtt @h~wOvk~.
@m| nQs` aq ap s`kc|C` krn m`w^k`v iw`mw~ v#qgw~ ekk~. sm`j @q~h@y~ as~sk~ mRl~lk~ n$rm p#wQrQl` wQ@bn
@b`r# nm| vR pQLQk`v ivw~ krn~@n~ @k@s~q? @my iw`mw~ b#rHr#m| ktyRw~wk~. e@hw~ ekQ@nk` @m| XQk;`pqy
akOrtm a`rk;` kQrWmt ptn~ gw~@w`w~ ey aphsR ekk~ @vn~@n~ n#h#. qEm|bWm, mw~p#n~ vrwm`n@y~ wr#N prpRr
awrQn~ a$w~ vWmk~ qk~nt l#@bnv`. @b`r# @n`kW@m| a`nQXAs pQLQb[v sw&ym pYk`X kQrW@m| sAvQ{`n @m| s[h`
@g`dn#gWm avX& @vnv`. gv G`wnyt e@rhQ sAvQ{`n, amq&p sAvQ{`n v@g~m sw& x`;W sAvQ{`n q rtt avX&
@vnv`.
@b_q~{@y`~ qn~ @qwQ. XWl v&`p`r pvw~vwQ, e@hw~ @m| v#qgw~ vR XQk;`pqy pQLQb[ v#dQ av{`nyk~ n#w~@w~ a#yQ?
mRs`v`q XQk;` pqyw~, an~ h#m XQk;` pqyk~ v@g~m v#qgw~. ek awkQn~ ey an~ h#m XQk;` pqyktm vd` v#qgw~
ekk~ bv @b_q~{ sRwY @q~Xn`vl q#k~@vnv`. mRs`v`q@yn~ @n`v#LkW XWl, sm`{Q, pYZ` v#dQy @n`h#kQ bv ap vth`
gw yRwOyQ. am|bltQTQk r`hR@l`~v`q sRwYyt anRv mRs`v`q@yn~ yRw~ xQk;Rvk~, s#b$ xQk;Rvk~ @n`vn awr mh`n`m
sRwYyt anRv up`sk@yk~ @n`@h`w~ s#b$ @b_q~{ykO q vQy @n`h#kQy. ap sRU@vn~ w#kOvq, @m| XQk;` pqy brpwl
akOslyk~ @ls s#lkQy yRwOyQ.

2. ap sm`j@y~ @b`@h`~ @q@nk~ kQyn kw`vkQ "pAc XWl@y~ sQl~pq hwrk~ m` rkQnv`. @b`r# kW@mn~ v#LkW sQtWm wmyQ
aphsR" @m| s[h` qQy h#kQ @h`[m pQLQwOr r`hRl @p`dQ h`mRqEr#vn~t bRqErqEn~ mRs`v`qy pQLQb[ kL p#h#qQlQ kQrWmyQ.
e~k {m|mA awWws~s - mRs`v`qs~s jn~wO@n`
vQwQN~N pr@l`ks~mQA - nw~}Q p`pA ak`rQyA"
"r`hRl @b`r# kQyn @knkO @ssR sQl~pq a`rk;` krnv` y#yQ sQwQy @n`h#k. ekm vtQn` {rmy vn sw&@yn~ v#LkW
sQtQn w#n#w~w`t @n`kL h#kQ pvk~ n#w~@w~y"
@myQn~ p#h#qQlQ vn~@n~ @b`r# kQyn~n`t o|n$m apr`{yk~ kL h#kQ bvyQ. e@s~m y@mk~ @b`r# @n`kQyyQ nm| ohRt @ssR
akOsl krmvlQn~ v#LkW sQtWm iw` phsR @qykQ.
ap sm`j@y~ @b`r# kWm @k`wrm| p#wOr#NR @r`~gyk~ vW wQ@b|q. @qmvRpQyn~ qr#v` kO@s~ sQtQyqWm @l`kO p`slkt a#wOLw~
kr g#nWm s[h` @b`r# lQy`pqQAcQ shwQk iqQrQpw~ krwQ. nQv`dR lb` g#nWmt @b`r# @@vq& shwQk iqQrQpw~ krwQ.
a@p~ @b_q~{yn~ @b`r#vt @k`wrm| pRr#qE vW a#w~q yn~n xQk;Rn~ vhn~@s~@gn~ pv` @b`r# shwQk il~l` sQtQwQ. qr#vkO
nLv` g#nWmt m`pQyn~ @k`wrm| @b`r# kQyw~q? qr#v`t bw~ ktk~ k#vWmt @b`r# @g`w` kQv yRwOq? ap @mb[E
avs~}`vn~hQ kQyn @b`r# mRs`v`q gN@yhQl` @n`s#lkWmt pRr#qEv sQtQwQ. @b`r#vk~ @n`kQy` a#w~wk~ kQy` qr#vn~t bw~
k#vWmt ovRn~ n#LvWmt ap pRr#qE pRhRNR vQy yRwOy. @m@s~ h#m vQtm @b`r# kQyn b#vQn~ mRs`v`qy brpwl pvk~ @ls
@n`sQwWmt ap hRr# vW a#w. @my ap@g~ av`sn`vyQ.
yhU mQwYyn~ ek~rFs~ vR vQt @b`r# kQywQ. @b`r# @n`kQy` apt sQn`sWmtw~ mQwY sm|bn~{km| p#v#w~vWmtw~ @n`h#kQq?
@b`r# @n`kQy` vQhQU kQrWmt, h`s&y uph`sy, pYQy x`;N swOtR s`mWcQ kw` p#v#w~vQy @n`h#kQq? ap @m| kQsQm
avs~}`vk e~ s[h` uw~s`hyk~ @n`qrn b#vQn~ h#m w#nkm @b`r#v rjkrn bv ap vth` gw yRwOy.
qQnpw` r$pv`hQnQ@yn~ vQk`Xny vn n`t& sAK&`v vQX`ly. e~ sQylEm n`t&vl ekQ@nk` rvtn @b`r#v asn~nt
qk~nt l#@b|. a#w#m| sm|x`v& n`t&kr#@v` skQs[ elQ@ys~ v#nQ crQw pNgn~vwQ. eb[E crQw @b`r#@v| ul~pw~ bv
h#[Qn~vQy h#k. pRAcQ qr#vn~ q v#dQhQtQyn~ q @b`r# kWm lj~j` @n`vQy yRwO @qyk~ @ls @m| nQs` nQr`y`s@yn~ v#t@h~.
adRm vX@yn~ @m| kw`vlQn~ @b`r#@v| a`qWnv enm| @b`r# kW@mn~ mQnQskO pQrQ@hn a`k`r@y~ pNQvQd iqQrQpw~ kL h#k.
e@s~ @n`kQrWm j`wQ@y~ ax`g&ykQ.
a@p~ p#rFNQ jnk}` @qs bln~n. qy`nn~q gONvr{nyn~@g~ nrQb$n` n`t&y mgQn~ @pn~nRm| krn~@n~ @pr g#mQy`
@b`r# @n`kW bvyQ. gm mh@g~ qEvw~ smM wr@hn~ kQyn k}`v "@w`~ @qn~@n~ kvq`hrQ nrQ@ykOtyQ" @m| gm h`mQ@n~@g~
ktQn~ pQt vR vcny a#sR hQv@lk~ mnR;& qEvk~ srN p`v` g#nW@m| k}`@vn~ @pn~nRm| krn~@n~ ap sm`j@y~ ekl wQbRNR
sw& k}` kQrW@m| s`r{rmy @n`@v|q?
ap mRs` bsQn~ v#LkW sQtQy yRw@w~ eyQn~ sm`j@y~w~, pRq~gl sm|bn~{@y~w~ vQX~vsnWyw~vy bQ[ v#@tn nQs`y. vQX~v`s`
~
prm` Z`wQ vQX~v`sy uwOm| Z`wQy`y aq sm`j@y~ mv, pQy` s#k kryQ nm|, pQy`, mv s#k kryQ nm| @qm`pQyn~, qR
qr#vn~ g#nw~, qR qr#@v`~ @qm`pQyn~ g#nw~ s#k@yn~ sQww~ nm| s@h`~qr s@h`~qrQ@y`~ ovR@n`vRn~ rvt` @b`r# kQyw~
nm|, vQX~v`syk~ @g`dn#@Mn~@n~ @k@s~q? aBR - s#mQ, qR qr# sm|bn~{y whvRr# vn~@n~ vQX~v`sy mwyQ. @l~ n$@yk~
vRvq, vQX~v`syk~ @n`m#wQnm|, ohR qErs~}@ykQ. @l~ n$@yk~ @n`vRvq, vQX~v`svn~w@yk~ nm| sw&y gr#krn @k@nk~
nm| ohR smWpwm Z`wQykO @v|. vQX~v`svn~w Z`wQ@ykO @v|.
sw&@y~ sm`jmy kYQy`k`rQw~vy @pn~vn sw&y pQLQb[ vQ@X~;N vcn kQhQpyk~ a#w.
@}@k` pc|cyQ@k` sc|c sn~@{`, avQsAv`q@k` @mhQ pLmR vcny vn @}@k` ynR s~}Qr, @n`@h`w~ wQrs`r yn~nyQ.
sw& vcnym k}` krn w#n#w~w` s~}Qr aqhs~ a#wQ @k@nkQ. ohR yhpw~ wWrN g#nW@m|qW @n`w#@vyQ. ohR pk;gY`hW
@n`@v|. mn` @p_r#;ykQn~ yRk~w @v|. ohR g#n kQsQ@vk~ s#kyk~ vQcQkQc|C`vk~ a#wQkr @n`gnW.
sc|c sn~@{` sw& vcn k}` krn w#n#w~w` kQsQ qQ@nk asw&@y~ p#w~w @n`gnW. ohR kQsQqE asw&ykt uqv|
@n`kryQ. sw&@y~ p#w~w @gn sw&y @vnR@vn~ @pnW sQtQyQ.
pc|cyQ@k` yn vQ@X~;N vcn@yn~ q#k~@vn~@n~ ohR @k@rhQ vQX~v`sy wb` ktyRwO kL h#kQ @k@nk~ bvyQ. eb[E
w#n#w~@wk~ v`sQyt l`xyt wm pYwQpw~wQ p`v` @n`@qyQ. ohR @k@rhQ y#pQy h#kQy. enm| bQyk~ s#kk~ n#wQv eb[E
pRq~glykO n`ykw~v@yhQ w#bQy h#k.
avQsAv`q@k` ynR sw& vcn k}` krn w#n#w~w`@g~ kw`@v| sh kYQy`@v| vQsAv`qW bvk~, prs~pr vQ@r`~{W bvk~ n#w.
ohR kQyn @qy kryQ. krn @qy kQyyQ. (y}`v`qW w}`k`rW - y}`k`rW w}`v`qW) @mb[E sw& vcn k}` krn
w#n#w~w`@g~ lk;N swr vQsQn~ kQy`p`n~@n~ sw&@y~ a#wQ pY`@y`~gQk vtQn`kmyQ. eb[E lk;N a#wQ n`yk@yk~ a#wQ

3. rtk~ @k`wrm| ls~sn @v|q? eb[E mQnsRn~ a#wQ sm`jyk~ @m`n wrm| uss~ ekk~ @v|q? yn~n apt vth` gw h#k.
Q
mRs`v`q@yn~ v#LkW sQtWm @b`@h`~ aphsR @qyk~ @ls ob sQwOvw~, ey e@s~ @n`vn bv p#h#qQlQ krn uq`hrNyk~
qk~vmQ. ap bRqEn~ vhn~@s~ @pr ssr akOsl krm rFsk~ kr wQbNQ. e~v`@yhQ vQp`k q bRqE vW nmRw~ mRhRN p$mt sQqEvQy.
Q
@pr mQnQs~ G`wnykt un~vhn~@s~ @b`~sw~ k`l@yhQ sm|bn~{ vW wQbNQ. @q~vqw~w hQmQyn~ @prU$ glk~ nQs` bRqEn~
Q
vhn~@s~@g~ a#MQl~lk~ pv` wOv`l vR@N~ eb[E krmyk~ nQs`y. s~wYW qR;Nyn~ pQLQb[v q un~vhn~@s~ @vw @c`~qn` el~l
vQy. nmRw~ @pr s`r`sAK& kl~p lk;yk~ wOL un~vhn~@s~ @b`r#vk~ @n`kW b#vQn~ un~vhn~@s~t bRq~{w~vyt pw~vW@mn~
psR kQsQvkO vQsQn~ "@g_wmyn~ vhn~@s~ @b`r# k`r@ykQ" "mRs`v`qQ @g_w@m`_" ynR@vn~ @c`~qn` @n`kL bv
@b_q~{ s`hQw&@yn~ sn`} @v|. @m| nQs` @b`r# @n`kW@m| pYwQpw~wQy a`rk;` kQrQmt aphsRy yn aqhs o@b| sQwQn~
ivw~ kr g#nWmt h#kQ vnR a#w.
@b`r# kWm mhw~ akOslyk~ bv @pn~v`@qn sRwYykQ
mj~k{Qm nQk`@y~ am|bltQTQk r`hR@l`~v`q sRwYy. ym| xQk;Rvk~ @b`r# kQyn~@n~ nm| em xQk;Rv hQs~ b[Enk~ @ls p#vQqQ
XWl@yn~ hQs~ @k@nk~ bv av{`rNy kryQ. e@s~m pAc XWl@yhQ v#qgw~ vR @m| sQl~pqy ul~lAGny krn gQhQy`, s#b$
up`sk@yk~, n#w@h`w~ s#b$ @b_q~{ykO @n`vn bvw~ mh`n`m sRwY@yn~ av{`rN @k@ryQ.
am|bltQTQk r`hR@l`~v`q sRwYy @ewQh`sQk bRq~{ @q~Xn`vkQ. @mm sRwYy pQLQb[v a@X`~k ckYvrwWn~@g~ b`xY$ @sl~lQpQ@yhQ
gQhQ p#vQqQ @qpk;y vQsQnm prQhrNy kL yRwO @q~Xn`vk~ @ls nQr@q~X @k`t a#w. mRs`v`q@yn~ v#LkW@m| XQk;`pq@y~
~
v#qgw~kmw~ pQn~, pv| h[En` g#nW@m| mQnm| qN~dw~ @m| sRwY@yn~ ugn~v` a#w. r`hRl hQmQyn~t bRqErqEn~ pLmRv p#h#qQlQ
R
k@L~ "r`hRl a#w~ @s~n`vk n`yk a#w` yRq~{ krn vQt u_ wm kOm|xs~wly, @pr p`q h` psRp`qw~, kn~ h` vlQgy pv`
swOrn~t phrqWmtw~, pY`k`r bQ[ q#mWmtw~ @y`q` gnW. e@hw~ u_ @h`V@yn~ stn~ @n`kr h#m vQtm @h`Vv#l a`rk;`
kr gnW. mk~ nQs`q yw~ r`hRl @h`Vy k#dRNR hs~wQykO@gn~ kQsQqE Plk~ @n`vn b#vQnQ. @m| anRv hs~wQy`@g~ @h`Vy
u@g~ blyyQ. e~ anRv @k@nkO@g~ XWl@yhQ mRs`v`q XQk;`pqy q e~ wrm|m v#qgw~ @v|. mRs`v`q XQk;` pqy bQ[ENR
@knkO@g~ sWl@yhQ vtQn`kmk~ n#w. @m| nQs` mRs`v`q@yn~ v#LkW@m| XQk;`pqy a`rk;` kr g#nWmt mWt vd` v#dQ
av{`nyk~ @y`mR krmR.
erQk~ g`mQNQ jQnpQYy