Discussion This is the posted discussion: Post your problem statement (from SLP 4) and provide comments for at least two other problem statements. Please note that the two other problem statements should reflect within my area of research interest, which is Business management and organization.( effectiveness leadership) Here is my SLP 4 ASSIgnment. PROBLEM STATEMENT IN RESEARCH Institution Affiliation: Student Name: Date of submission: Various studies have been done concerning several areas which have seemed to have some gaps. Studies over the years have been used as the basis for bringing changes in various sectors which affect human existence. Various fields such as the health sectors, agriculture sectors among others depend on the studies conducted by various researchers to try and change the status quo of how they handle some issues to come up with better ways of doing things to better their practices. Research projects have to be written using/ guided by a certain format which has got several key issues which it has to entail to become a complete study. It entails the topic of study, the abstract, the hypothesis of the study, the study objectives (Sekaran & Bougie, 2016). Both the broad and specific objectives. The problem statement is one of the key areas which form the main basis of the study. The problem statement forms the main foundation of the research since it is the area which the whole study lies upon (Gay & Mills, 2015). When the problem statement is clearly stated and written, then all the relevant information which is needed for the study will be easily accessed by the researcher. The problem statement identifies the specific area which should be closely attended to during the study process. With the guide of the problem statement, the study gets a direction with which it is conducted and since it is written and stipulated the whole process becomes an easy one. The problem statement has got several components which make up the whole problem statement content. The problem itself, this part of the problem statement is one of the most important among many. The problem part of the statement makes the study be relevant since it clearly stipulates the importance of the study (Gay & Mills, 2015). When the problem part of the study is stated clearly, the contextual details of the study are too brought out clearly and in a way that even carrying out the process becomes easy. It also brings out the area which the relevant information is going to be got from since when the problem which is being brought out shows that it affects people from a certain place, then the researcher goes to that region and collects the information from those people. Secondly, the problem statement entails the method of solving the problem itself (Merriam, 2015). In the research process, this part is usually brought out as the claim part which the researcher puts across in the whole process. It also at some point brought.

1. Discussion
This is the posted discussion:
Post your problem statement (from SLP 4) and provide
comments for at least two other problem statements.
Please note that the two other problem statements should reflect
within my area of research interest, which is Business
management and organization.( effectiveness leadership)

2. Here is my SLP 4 ASSIgnment.
PROBLEM STATEMENT IN RESEARCH
Institution Affiliation:
Student Name:
Date of submission:
Various studies have been done concerning several areas which
have seemed to have some gaps. Studies over the years have
been used as the basis for bringing changes in various sectors
which affect human existence. Various fields such as the health
sectors, agriculture sectors among others depend on the studies
conducted by various researchers to try and change the status
quo of how they handle some issues to come up with better
ways of doing things to better their practices. Research projects
have to be written using/ guided by a certain format which has
got several key issues which it has to entail to become a
complete study. It entails the topic of study, the abstract, the
hypothesis of the study, the study objectives (Sekaran &
Bougie, 2016). Both the broad and specific objectives. The
problem statement is one of the key areas which form the main
basis of the study. The problem statement forms the main
foundation of the research since it is the area which the whole
study lies upon (Gay & Mills, 2015). When the problem
statement is clearly stated and written, then all the relevant
information which is needed for the study will be easily
accessed by the researcher. The problem statement identifies the
specific area which should be closely attended to during the

3. study process. With the guide of the problem statement, the
study gets a direction with which it is conducted and since it is
written and stipulated the whole process becomes an easy one.
The problem statement has got several components which make
up the whole problem statement content.
The problem itself, this part of the problem statement is one of
the most important among many. The problem part of the
statement makes the study be relevant since it clearly stipulates
the importance of the study (Gay & Mills, 2015). When the
problem part of the study is stated clearly, the contextual details
of the study are too brought out clearly and in a way that even
carrying out the process becomes easy. It also brings out the
area which the relevant information is going to be got from
since when the problem which is being brought out shows that it
affects people from a certain place, then the researcher goes to
that region and collects the information from those people.
Secondly, the problem statement entails the method of solving
the problem itself (Merriam, 2015). In the research process, this
part is usually brought out as the claim part which the
researcher puts across in the whole process. It also at some
point brought out as the thesis of the whole study process since
when the data that is to be collected has been sought it is used
to test the thesis and be able to validate the usefulness of the
study.
The purpose statement of the study is another major part of the
problem statement. The scope of the study is also a part of the
problem statement. The purpose of the study is the main reason
as to why the researcher is conducting that study; this forms the
main pillar of the research itself. The purpose statement is the
part which makes the reader get to understand the whole study
and the main key points which guides the whole process and all
its important aspects. The thesis part of the study is the one
which is always tested at the end of the study since all the data
that is collected is used in the whole process of testing the
thesis part of the study.
EXAMPLE OF PROBLEM STATEMENT:

4. About a study concerning the utilization of chronic illness
preventive measures, among university students.
In America, more than 92.1 million people (1 in every 3 adults)
have at least one or even more chronic diseases with about 90%
of that population being aged 2 years or older consuming too
much sodium which in the long run increases their chances of
developing high blood pressure. In about 50% of the adults aged
18 years and above did not meet the recommendations for the
aerobic physical activities in the year 2015, also 79% did not
meet the recommendations for both aerobic and muscle-
strengthening physical activity (Wang & Dandona, 2016).
An estimated 36.5 million adults in the United States (15.1%)
said they currently smoke cigarettes in the year 2017. Cigarette
smoking accounts for many diseases to do with lifestyle and
also accounts for more than 48, 000 deaths each year. Each day
more than 3, 200 youths younger than 18 years of age smoke
their first cigarette and 2, 100 youths and young adults who
smoke now and then become daily smokers.
Drinking too much alcohol is responsible for 8, 800 deaths each
year, more than half which are because of binge drinking (Ward
BW, 2014). In the Sub Saharan Africa, the burden of diseases
such as cardiac conditions still has remained at more than 45%
leading to a decrease of their GDPs by 9%, while the burden of
cancers remained at 8% in 2010, cardiovascular and respiratory
diseases decreased slightly from 16% and 12% in the 1990s to
15% and 10% in 2015. In Canada, most of the 16% of the adults
diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and
cancers were women (Wang & Dandona, 2016). Though
smoking tobacco was more common in men, daily exposure to
poorly ventilated indoor smoke from biomass fuels was women
who still cooked despite a chronic cough which led them to
respiratory conditions and even heart conditions.
In Mexico, 50% of all the cases of admissions and 55% of all
deaths in hospitals, homes or care facilities are due to chronic
diseases, with the youths and the young mostly affected with a
population of about 58 million youths during a period of 15

5. years then followed by the elderly and then the young children
born with the conditions already (WHO, 2015).
The problem itself is the part which brings out the numbers of
people who are being affected by the chronic diseases. It has
become a menace which has to be dealt with promptly. The
method of solving the problem is one which brings out the ways
in which the data was collected since it is through the same way
that the interventions are going to be distributed across the
affected population. The purpose statement is the one which
brings out the affected numbers of people, and due to the high
numbers, there is a need for immediate action to be taken to
help save the situation.
Gay, L. R., & Mills, G. E. (2015). Educational Research:
Competencies for Analysis and Applications, Global Edition:
Edition 11. Pearson Education Limited.
Merriam, S. B. (2015). Qualitative Research: Designing,
Implementing, and Publishing a Study. In Handbook of
Research on Scholarly Publishing and Research Methods (pp.
125-140). IGI Global.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for
business: A skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Case Study Assignment for Unit VI: Neural Function and
Disorders
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to encourage you to
analyze pathophysiological processes and mechanisms of human
disease, identify clinical signs and symptoms and diagnostic
data consistent with the pathology of common health problems
and determine appropriate medical treatment and nursing care
based on best practices found in the literature. This assignment
emphasizes critical thinking and problem-solving through the
correlation of cellular and multi-system pathology with related
assessment and diagnostic data, medical treatment and nursing

6. management.
The answers to the questions should be complete and include
professional literature to support each answer. You should
include at least 3 current references (< 5 years old) of which 2
must be journal articles. References should include current
nursing journals and other professional health related literature.
The assignment should be uploaded electronically into
blackboard under the appropriate assignment link.
The paper should be typed using APA format. APA format
requires that you use correct grammar and spelling and double-
space your entire paper. Use the questions as your headers.
Please include the following rubric at the end of your paper.
The assignment will be graded using the following criteria:
Patient Case Analysis Assignment
Grading Criteria
Possible Score
Earned Score
Answers to Questions
1. Demonstrates comprehensive critical analysis of pathology,
assessment and diagnostic data, medical and nursing
management (points accrued in case study)
30
Format
1. Answers are supported by references
1. Follows APA format
5
3
2
Total Score
35

7. Alzheimer’s Disease Case Study
Patient Profile and Background Information
RM is a 85-year-old woman who presents to the clinic with
her two daughters for a routine exam. RM was diagnosed with
Alzheimer’s disease nine years ago when she started to display
short term memory loss. She was misplacing her glasses, keys,
and placed some household items in illogical places. For
example: she placed the coffee pot in the refrigerator. She also
had taken some walks around her neighborhood where she has
resided for over 45 years and had gotten lost on more than one
occasion.
Her neighbors and family had also noticed that RM was
becoming more quiet and passive. She was not as interested in
participating in family outings or working in her garden, a past
time she had enjoyed most of her adult life.
Physical Assessment and Diagnostic Data
A thorough workup with neuroimaging studies revealed no
significant findings. However, she scored 25 out of a possible
30 points on the Mini-Mental Status exam. She was started on
Aricept (donepezil) which helped with both her memory and
mood for several years.
Four years ago, family members noticed another
significant change in RM. Not only had previous manifestations
become more severe, but she also began having difficulty with
numbers, could no longer balance her check book. She could no
longer play bridge and she showed signs of poor judgment by
leaving her house without a coat in the middle of winter and
going to the store in her nightgown. There was a small kitchen
fire that occurred when she forgot to turn off the stove after
cooking. Because of these new symptoms, RM was retested for
new systemic disease processes but no significant abnormalities
were detected other than a mild case of iron deficiency anemia.
A CT scan of the brain revealed moderate to severe cerebral

8. atrophy in the temporal and parietal lobes bilaterally. Her Mini
Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score decreased to 18/30.
Question 1: What is the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s
Disease (AD)? (3 points)
Question 2: What risk factors does RM possess for developing
AD? (2 points)
Question 3: Describe the MMSE, the categories and how each
are tested. What does the score of 18 / 30 indicate? (4 points)
The daughters made the decision that RM could no longer
live by herself and moved her into the oldest daughter’s home to
live with her family. The two oldest daughters shared care
giving responsibilities. Within the past six weeks, RM has
begun to display multiple, sudden outbursts of anger. While
shopping for groceries with her second daughter, she became
separated and lost from her daughter and began throwing
tomatoes at the store manager who was trying to help her. It
took 15 minutes to calm her down. She also began having
occasional urinary accidents. The daughters’ state that caring
for their mother in now becoming unmanageable and are
considering seeking a long-term care facility for her.
RM’s PMH consists of long standing hypertension for 30 years.
Hypercholesterolemia for 25 years.
Family history: both parents deceased. Father died at 70 from a
CVA. Mother died from AD at the age of 80. One brother died
at the age of 65 from an MI. She has a sister who died of AD
five years ago at the age of 76.
Social History: Widowed for 14 years after 55 years of
marriage. Does not smoke or drink alcohol. Her regular
medications include:
Aricept (donepezil)
Avapro (irbesartan)
Crestor (rosuvastatin)
One baby aspirin daily

9. Question 4: Describe the mechanism of action of each of the
above medications, and why RM is taking them. (4 points)
Question 5: What diagnostics tests would you anticipate being
ordered to evaluate RM’s health status and why? (3 points)
Question 6: Vascular dementia must be considered as a possible
cause of RM’s increasing cognitive dysfunction. Explain the
pathophysiology of vascular dementia and the risk factors
associated with it. (4 points)
Question 7: Depression in an elderly patient is often mistaken
for AD. What are several ways to distinguish depression from
dementia? (2 points)
Question 8: Discuss the 3 stages of AD with the common
symptoms associated with each stage. (6 points)
Question 9: What needs do you anticipate for the family? What
are some key teaching points for the family regarding RM’s
care? (2 points).