Direct and Indirect Speech English Grammar Topic.

Direct speech reports the exact thoughts/words expressed by a
person in their original form.
• It is often enclosed in quotation marks so that the reader
understands that the quoted text is the speaker's original
narrative.
Indirect speech is also known as reported speech, indirect
narration.
• when you report someone else’s statement in your own words
without any change in the meaning of the statement, it is called
indirect speech.
Example:
Direct Speech: She says, “I am a little bit nervous.”
Indirect Speech: She says that she is a little bit nervous.

In the first sentence, the writer conveys the girl's message using her
actual words (e.g., “I am a little bit nervous.”).
In the second sentence, the writer conveys her message in his own words
without changing the meaning. (e.g., she is a little bit nervous.)
Example:
Direct Speech: She says, “I am a little bit nervous.”
Indirect Speech: She says that she is a little bit nervous.
Reporting Speech: The first part of the direct speech is called reporting
speech (she says).
Reported Speech: The second part of the sentence, which is enclosed in
inverted commas or quotation marks, is called reported speech (I am a
little bit nervous).
Reporting Verb: The verb of the reporting speech is called the reporting
verb (says).
Reported Verb: The verb of the reported speech is called the reported verb
(am).

The Basic Rules of Direct and Indirect Speech
1. Change in Pronouns.
2. Backshift the tense.
3. Change the time and place.
Here, back shifting means converting any tense into
the past tense.

Changes in Verbs:
If the reporting verb is in the present tense (Says) or future tense (will
Say) then no change is required to be made in the verb of reported
speech, only change the pronouns.
If the reporting verb is in the past tense (Said), the reported speech
should be in the past form.
For Example:
Direct Speech: He says, “I am ill.”
Indirect Speech: He says that he is ill.
Direct Speech: She says, “She sang a song.”
Indirect Speech: She says that she sang a song.
Direct Speech: You say, “I shall visit London.”
Indirect Speech: You say that you will visit London.

Changes In Tense
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Present Simple Past Simple
Present Continuous Past Continuous
Past Simple Past Perfect
Present Perfect Past Perfect
Will Future Would + Base Infinitive
Can Could
Have To Had To
Imperative To Infinitive

Examples :
Direct Speech: They said, “They take a walk every day.”
Indirect Speech: They said that they took a walk every day.
Direct Speech: They said, “They are taking a walk every day.”
Indirect Speech: They said that they were taking a walk every day.
Direct Speech: They said, “They have taken a walk.”
Indirect Speech: They said that they had taken a walk.
Direct Speech: They said, “They have been taking a walk since
morning.”
Indirect Speech: They said that they had been taking a walk since
morning.

Direct Speech: They said, “They took a walk.”
Direct Speech: They said, “They were taking a walk.”
Indirect Speech: They said that they had been taking a
walk.
Direct Speech: They said, “They had taken a walk.”
Direct Speech: They said, “They will take a walk.”
Indirect Speech: They said that they would take a walk.

How Words Are Used Differently in
Direct vs. Indirect Speech

Word in Direct Speech Word in Indirect Speech Direct Speech Indirect Speech
This That He says, “I want to buy this
book.”
He says that he wants to
buy that book.
These Those He says, “I want to buy
these books.”
He says that he wants to
buy those books.
Here There She says, “Everybody was
here.”
She says that everybody
was there.
Now Then They say, “It’s ten o’clock
now.”
They say that it’s ten
o’clock then.
Sir Respectfully They said, “Sir, the time is
over.”
They said respectfully that
the time was over.
Madam Respectfully They said, "Madam, the
time is over."
They said respectfully that
the time was over.
Today That Day She said, “I am going to
London today.”
She said that she was going
to London that day.
Yesterday The Previous Day She said, “I visited Oxford
University yesterday.”
She said that she had
visited Oxford University
the previous day.
Tomorrow Following Day or Next Day She said, “I am going to
London tomorrow.”
to London the next day.
Tonight That Night She said, “I am going to see
him tonight.”
to see him that night.
Good Morning, Good
Evening, Good Day
Greeted She said, “Good morning,
Sir David.”
She greeted Sir David

Examples of Direct Speech Converted to
Indirect Speech

She says, “I eat an apple a day.” She says that she eats an apple a day.
He will say, “My brother will help her.” He will say that his brother will help her.
We said, “We go for a walk every day.” We said that we went for a walk every day.
You say, “I went to London yesterday.” You say that you went to London the previous day.
He said, “My father is playing cricket with me.” He said that his father was playing cricket with him.
They said, “We have completed our homework.” They said that they had completed their homework.
She said, “I have been waiting for him since last morning.” She said that she had been waiting for him since last
morning.
She said, “I bought a book.” She said that she had bought a book.
They said, “We were celebrating Eid yesterday.” They said that they had been celebrating Eid the previous
day.
We said, “We had been waiting since morning.” We said that we had been waiting since morning.
He said to me, “I will not give you any medicine without
prescription.”
He said to me that he would not give me any medicine
without a prescription.
Rafiq said, “I shall leave for London tomorrow.” Rafiq said that he would leave for London the next day.
She said, “I shall be visiting my college tomorrow.” She said that she would be visiting her college the following
day.
They said, “It will have been snowing since morning.” They said that it would have been snowing since morning.

Assertive Sentences
• The sentence which declares or asserts a statement, feeling, opinion,
incident, event, history or anything is called Assertive Sentences.
• An assertive sentences ends with a period (.).
• Assertive sentences can be either affirmative (positive) or negative.
Examples:
Direct Speech: She says, “I am writing a letter to my brother.”
Indirect Speech: She says that she is writing a letter to her brother.
Direct Speech: She says, “I was not writing a letter to my brother.”
Indirect Speech: She says that she was not writing a letter to her brother.
Direct Speech: She said to me, “I am writing a letter to my brother.”
Indirect Speech: She told me that she was writing a letter to her brother.

Imperative Sentences
• Imperative sentences give an order or direct command.
These sentences may come in the form of advice, appeal,
request, or order.
• Either a period or exclamation point is used at the end of
the sentence, depending on the forcefulness of the
speaker.
Examples:
Shut the door!
Please shut the door.
Repair the door by tomorrow!

The reporting verb is changed according to reported speech into ”order ”
if the sentence gives a direct command.
Example:
Direct Speech: The teacher said to me, “Shut the door.”
Indirect Speech: The teacher ordered me to shut the door.
The reporting verb is changed according to reported speech
into ”request” if the sentence makes a request.
Example:
Direct Speech: He said to me, “Shut the door.”
Indirect Speech: He requested me to shut the door.

The reporting verb is changed according to reported speech into ”advise ”
if the sentence gives a piece of advice.
Example:
Direct Speech: He said to me, “You should work hard to pass the exam.”
Indirect Speech: He advised me that I should work hard to pass the
exam.
The reporting verb is changed according to reported speech into ”forbade ”
if the sentence prevents someone from doing something.
Example:
Direct Speech: He said to me, “Not to smoke.”
Indirect Speech: He forbade me to smoke.

Examples
We said to him, “Mind your own business.” We urged him to mind his own business.
She said to him, “Consult a doctor.” She suggested him to consult a doctor.
He said to me, “Write it again.” He asked me to write it again.
You said to your father, “Please grant him leave for
some time.”
You requested your father to grant him leave for some
time.
My mother said to me, “Never tell a lie.” My mother forbade me to tell a lie.

Interrogative Sentences
• Sentences that ask questions are called interrogative
sentences.
• Every interrogative sentence ends with a question mark.
Example:
Do you live here?
Have you ever watched Terminator III?
Is it raining?

To convert interrogative sentences into indirect speech, follow the
following rules.
Yes/No Questioning:
Structure : S+HV+MV+O
• The reporting verb said to is changed into asked.
• then if / whether is used in the place of that.
Wh Questions:
• If the reported speech has interrogative words like who, when,
how, why, when the
structure be Wh+S+HV+MV+O
• A period is placed at the end of the sentence instead of a
question mark.

Examples :
Direct Speech: He said to them, “Are you reading?’’
Indirect Speech: He asked them if they were reading.
Direct Speech: They said to me, “haven’t you seen this movie”?
Indirect Speech: They asked me whether I hadn’t seen that movie.
Direct Speech: Ram said to his friend, “Are you interested in teaching”?
Indirect Speech: Ram asked his friend if he was interested in teaching.
Direct Speech: I said to him, “what are you doing here today?”
Indirect Speech: I asked him what he was doing there that day.
Direct Speech: A stranger said to me, where is Golconda”?
Indirect Speech: A stranger asked me where Golconda was.
Direct Speech: My friend said to me, “How is your health?”
Indirect Speech: My friend asked me how my health was.

Examples
I said to her, “When do you do your homework?” I asked her when she did her homework.
We said to him, “Are you ill?” We asked him if he was ill.
You said to me, “Have you read the article?” You asked me if I had read the article.
He said to her, “Will you go to the Peshawar Radio
Station?”
He asked her if she would go to the Peshawar Radio
Station.
She says, “Who is he?” She says who he is.
Rashid said to me, “Why are you late?” Rashid asked me why I was late.

Exclamatory Sentences
• The sentences that express our feelings and emotions are
called exclamatory sentences.
• Exclamation marks are used at the end of an exclamatory
sentence.
Example:
Hurray! We have won the match.
Alas! He failed the test.
How beautiful that dog is!
What a marvelous personality you have!

To change exclamatory sentences into indirect speech, follow the rules
below.
• If there is an interjection, i.e., alas, oh, hurray, etc., in the reported
speech, then they are omitted along with the exclamation point.
• The reporting verb, i.e., said, is always replaced with exclaimed.
• If the reporting verb said is followed by alas! Is replaced with exclaimed
with sorrow.
• If the reporting verb said is followed by oh! Is replaced with exclaimed
with regret.
• If the reporting verb said is followed by hurray! / wow ! Is replaced with
exclaimed with joy.
• If there is what or how at the beginning of the reported speech, then they
are replaced with very, very great, exclaimed.
• In an indirect sentence, the exclamatory sentence becomes an assertive
sentence.

Examples
He said, “Hurray! I have won the match.” He exclaimed with joy that he had won the match.
She said, “Alas! My brother failed in the test.” She exclaimed with sorrow that her brother had
failed in the test.
They said, “What a beautiful house this is!” They exclaimed that that house was very beautiful./
They exclaimed that that was a beautiful house.
I said, “How lucky I am!” I exclaimed that I was very lucky./ I exclaimed that I
was lucky.
You said to him, “What a beautiful drama you are
writing!
You exclaimed him that he was writing a beautiful
drama.

Optative sentences express a hope, prayer, or wish.
Usually, there is an exclamation mark at the end of an
optative sentence. (mood of verbs)
Example:
May you succeed in the test!
May you get well soon!
Would that I were rich!

To change optative sentences into indirect speech, follow the rules
below.
• If the reported speech starts with the word may, then the reporting
verb said is replaced with the word prayed.
• If the reported speech starts with the word would, then the reporting
verb said is replaced with the word wished.
• May is changed to might.
• The exclamation mark is omitted.
• In indirect speech, the optative sentences become assertive
sentences.

Examples
He said to me, “May you live long!” He prayed that I might live long.
My mother said to me, “May you succeed in the test!” My mother prayed that I might succeed in the test.
She said, “Would that I were rich!” She wished that she had been rich.
I said to him, “Would that you were here on Sunday!” I wished that he had been there on Sunday.
You said to me, “ May you find your lost camera.” You prayed that I might find my lost camera.

Change the sentences into Indirect Speech.
• Jahnavi said, “I have completed my work just now.”
• Nandini said to me, “you have to complete your work.”
• She said, “he and you are good friends.”
• He said, “I can understand the poem.”
• Suseela said to her mother, “I am too busy to help you now.”
• The farmer said, “there were no rains last year.”
• She said to her son, “Is there sufficient water in the tank?”
• The driver said , “Did the passenger take his ticket?”
• The stranger said, “Have you seen my glasses?”

Answers :
• Jahnavi said that she had completed her work just then.
• Nandini told me that I had to complete my work.
• She said that he and I were good friends.
• He said that he could understand the poem.
• Suseela told her mother that she was too busy to help her then.
• The farmer said that there had been no rains the previous year.
• She asked her son if there was sufficient water in the tank.
• The driver enquired whether the passenger had taken his ticket.
• The stranger enquired if I had seen his glasses.

• The principal said to peon, “why are you standing here?”
• “Where did you buy this system?” said my friend to me.
• My teacher said, “How did they finish the work in two hours?”
• The old man said, “show me the way to a vegetable market
place.”
• The policeman said to me, “walk on your left side.”
• The passenger said to the driver, “stop the bus. I must get down
here.”
• Annapurna said to her daughter, “Don’t talk to strangers unless
it is necessary.”
• The librarian said, “Don’t shout here. It will disturb others.”

Answers :
• The principal asked the peon why he was standing there.
• My friend asked me where I had bought that system.
• My teacher enquired how they had finished the work in two
hours.
• The old man requested me to show him the way to a vegetable
market.
• The policeman ordered me to walk on my left side.
• The passenger asked the driver to stop the bus there because he
must get down there.
• Annapurna asked her daughter not to talk to strangers unless it
was necessary.
• The librarian ordered us not to shout there as it would disturb
others.

• “Help me please, I have no food for two days,” said he.
• The old man said to me, “Help me to cross the road please.”
• The villager said, “What a tall building it is”!
• He said, “Alas, I have committed a sin.”
• The villagers said “Oh God, we have lost all our hopes.”
• Shaw says, “if you don’t try to get what you like, you will be
forced to like what you get.”
• My mother always says to me, “you don’t know anything about
the society.”

Answers :
• He requested me to help him as he had no food for two days.
• The old man requested me to help him to cross the road.
• The villager exclaimed that it was a tall building.
• He regretted that he had committed a sin.
• The villagers bemoaned that they had lost all their hopes.
• Shaw says that if we don’t try to get what we like, we will be
forced to like what we get.
• My mother always tells me that I don’t know anything about the
society.

• He says, “life is dull.”
• He said, “the earth moves around the sun.”
• Kavitha said, “Kamakshi works very hard.”
• “Do you know when she will go home?” I said to him.
• Radha said, “I am busy?”
• Swapna said to me, “you are wrong.”
• Narmada said to me, “he is ill.”

Answers :
• He says that life is dull.
• He said that the earth moves around the sun.
• Kavitha said that Kamakshi worked very hard.
• I asked him if he knew when she would go home.
• Radha said that she was busy.
• Swapna told me that I was wrong.
• Narmada told me that he was ill.

• Rama said to Arjun, “go away.”
• He said to him “please wait here till I return.”
• He said to me “who lives in this house?”
• “May you live long”, she said.
• He said “Alas! I am undone”.
• He said “May your daughter recover soon.”

Answers :
• Rama ordered Arjun to go away.
• He requested him to wait there till he returned.
• He asked me who lived in that house.
• She wished that I might live long.
• He exclaimed sadly that he was undone.
• He prayed that my daughter might recover soon.

• “Put the books back,” said the librarian to Nandita.
• The doctor said to him, “what did you eat this morning?”
• “How cool the house is!” she said.
• Salil told his friend, “I do not enjoy reading science fiction.”
• “Ouch, the injection hurts!” the patient said.
• The teacher said, “Is anyone absent?”
• “Do you speak Marathi?” the girl asked me.
• “Where are my glasses?” she asked Rachel.
• “please make a skirt for my daughter,” the woman told the tailor.
• The captain said to the crew, “clear the deck.”
• He said, “the bell rings at 9 am”.

Answers :
• The librarian ordered Nandita to put the books back.
• The doctor asked him what he ate that morning.
• She exclaimed that the house was cool.
• Salil told his friend that he did not enjoy reading science fiction.
• The patient cried that the injection hurt.
• The teacher asked whether anyone was absent.
• The girl asked me if I spoke Marathi.
• She asked Rachel where her glasses were.
• The woman asked the tailor to make a skirt for her daughter.
• The captain ordered the crew to clear the deck.
• He said that the bell rang at 9 a.m.

• He said, “the bell rang.”
• He said, “the bell will ring.”
• He said, “Alex can ring the bell.”
• You said, “I want to get my sister a book.”
• We said to the hotel manager, “we are happy with our room.”
• He told her, “Where are you staying?”
• I told myself, “you must be brave.”
• I said, “she is in her room.”
• He said to me, “How delighted they are to be home!”
• Kamala said to her husband, “I cannot find the garden hose. Did
you take it?”
• The fisherman said to his companions, “what a terrible storm!
Let us wait for a while though before returning to the store.

Answers :
• He said that the bell had rung.
• He said that the bell would ring.
• He said that Alex could ring the bell.
• You said that you wanted to get your sister a book.
• We said to the hotel manager that we were happy with our room.
• He asked her where she was staying.
• I told myself that I must be brave.
• I said that she was in her room.
• He exclaimed that they were delighted to be home.
• Kamala told her husband that she could not find the garden hose and
asked him if he had taken it.
• The fisherman cried that it was a terrible storm but suggested to him
companions that they wait for a while before returning to the shore.

• Hasan said, “I am returning to Nagpur next Saturday.”
• “If I see Jai, I shall certainly bring him here,” said Dr Singh.
• “Helen writes very well,” said her friend.
• I said to the men, “you can keep your boxes in the room.”
• The nurse said to the patient, “Has the pain become worse?”
• Tony said to his teacher, “please give me another day to complete my
work. I promise to hand it in tomorrow morning.”
• “Take the certificates that you left here two days ago,” said the
principal to the student.
• “Don’t eat fruits and vegetables without first washing them,” said Lola
to us.

Answers :
• Hasan said that he was returning to Nagpur the following Saturday.
• Dr. sing said that if he saw jai, he should certainly bring him there.
• Helen friend said that she wrote very well.
• I told the men that he could keep his boxes in the room.
• The nurse asked the patient that whether the pain had became worse.
• Tony asked his teacher to give him another day to complete his work
and he promised to hand it in the next day morning.
• The principal told the student to take the certificates that he left there
two days before.
• Lola told us to did not eat fruits and vegetables without first washing
them.

• “Ramu has solved all the problems,” said the teacher.
• “Smoking is,” said the doctor, “injurious to health.”
• My brother said to me “give me a glass of water.”
• The boy said, “this plant has grown very tall.”
• The voter said, “we have a lot of problems.”
• The voter said, “Oh! They have come again!”
• The voter said to the leader “listen to us first.”
• The voter said to the leader “will you solve this problem?”
• The voter said to the leader, “when will you come again?”

Answers :
• The teacher said that Ramu had solved all the problems.
• The doctor said that smoking is injurious to health.
• My brother requested me to give him a glass of water.
• The boy said that that plant had grown very tall.
• The voter said that they had a lot of problems.
• The voter exclaimed that they had come again.
• The voter asked the leader to listen to them first.
• The voter asked the leader if /whether he would solve that
problem.
• The voter questioned the leader when he would come again.

• The teacher said to you, “you are late again.”
• The teacher said to me “you have improved your
performance.”
• The teacher said to Geetha, “you have to submit your
assignments tomorrow.”
• The teacher said to Prudhvi, “when will you finish your
computer course?”
• The teacher said to the students, “you must consult your
parents.”

Answers :
• The teacher told you that you were late again.
• The teacher told me that I had improved my performance.
• The teacher told Geetha that she had to submit her assignments
the following day.
• The teacher asked Prudhvi when he would finish his computer
course.
• The teacher told the students that they should consult their
parents.

• He said to me, “I am happy to be here this evening.”
• He said to her, “I bought a house.”
• He said to me, “I shall pay your fees tomorrow.”
• He said, “the sun rises in the east.”
• He said, “How many brothers have you?”
• “Have you no sense?” shouted the man.
• The student asked “where can I get an application form?”
• John said “will you play chess with me?”
• The doctor asked the patient, “what did you eat today?”
• “Are you the manager?” I said

Answers :
• He told me that he was happy to be there that evening.
• He told her that he had bought a house.
• He told me that he would pay my fees the next day.
• He said that the sun rises in the east.
• He asked me how many brother I had.
• The man shouted if he had any sense.
• The student enquired where he could get an application form.
• John asked me whether I would play chess with him.
• The doctor enquired the patient what he had eaten that day.
• I asked whether he was the manager.

• The teacher said to the boy, “Get out of the room.”
• The doctor said to the patient, “Do not smoke.”
• “Please take me to the officer”, said the visitor.
• Polonius said to Laertes, “Neither a borrower nor a lender
be.”
• He said, “Let us wait for an hour.”
• He said to her, “Don’t go out now.”

Answers :
• The teacher asked / ordered the boy to get out of the room.
• The doctor advised the patient not to smoke.
• The visitor requested them to take him to the officer.
• Polonius advised Laertes to be neither a borrower nor a lender.
• He proposed that they should wait for an hour.
• He asked her not to go out then.

• He said “what a fool I am!”
• “How selfish I have been !” he said.
• He said, “Alas, I am ruined!”
• He said, “God save the king!”
• “What a lazy girl you are !” he said to Judy.
• “May our country be peaceful!” said they.
• “Hurrah! I have won again,” he said.
• He said, “Alas! How foolishly have I acted!”
• The captain said to the goalie, “Bravo! Well done.”
• The frank said, “what a feast it was!”

Answers :
• He exclaimed that he was a fool.
• He exclaimed that he had been very selfish.
• He exclaimed that he was ruined.
• He prayed that God might save the king.
• He exclaimed to Judy that she was a very lazy girl.
• They expressed their wish that their country might be peaceful.
• He exclaimed with joy tat he had won again.
• He exclaimed with regret that he had acted very foolishly.
• The captain applauded the goalie.
• The frank exclaimed that it was a great feast.

• I said, “my homework is over.”
• The committee stated “33% of the candidates have passed the
exam.”
• He said, “Praveen is going to learn programming.”
• His sister said, “I have never seen a tiger.”
• My teacher said, “the revolves round the sun.”
• The student said, “oil floats on water.”
• Prasanth said to me, “I have passed the intermediate exam in
first division.”

Answers :
• I said that my homework was over.
• The committee revealed that 33% of the candidates had passed
the exam.
• He said that Praveen was going to learn programming.
• His sister said that she had never see a tiger.
• My teacher said that the earth revolves round the sun.
• The student said that oil floats on water.
• Prasanth told me that he had passed the Intermediate exam in
first division.

• Srinu said, “I’ll cone tomorrow.”
• Javan said, “I have read this book.”
• Javan said, “These papers have to be removed from the
table.”
• He said, “I saw your purse here on the table yesterday.”
• The girl asked him, “Can you sing with me?”
• The teacher asked the students, “Are you all going to the
picnic?”
• The teacher said, “where did you go?”

Answers :
• Srinu said that he would come tomorrow.
• Javan said that he had read that book.
• Javan said that those papers had to be removed form the table.
• He said that he had seen my purse there on the table the
previous day.
• The girl asked him if he could sing with her.
• The teacher asked the students whether they were all going to
the picnic.
• The teacher asked them where they had gone.

• Lata’s father said, “when are you going to college?”
• I asked him, “who is the teacher?”
• She asked me, “what is your name?”
• He asked me, “where does your brother live?”
• He asked me, “Do you know Hindi?”
• He asked me, “why didn’t you go back to college?”
• He said, “please come with me.”

Answers :
• Lata’s father asked her when she was going to college.
• I asked him who the teacher was.
• She asked me what my name was.
• He asked me where my brother lived.
• He asked me if I knew Hindi.
• He asked me why I had not gone back to college.
• He asked me to go with him.

• The teacher said, “you may go home”.
• She said, “I’ll take you to the zoo.”
• He said, “close the door please.”
• The policeman said, “hands up!”
• Rajeev said “I have posted the letters.”
• Balu said “I am reading a book now.”
• Sonal said to me “I work in this office.”

Answers :
• The teacher permitted me to go home.
• She offered to take me to the zoo.
• He asked me to close the door.
• The policeman ordered him to put up his hands.
• Rajeev said that e had posted the letters.
• Balu said that he was reading a book then.
• Sonal told me that he worked in that office.

• The traveller said, “Can you tell me the way to the railway
station?”
• Abhi said to Nayana, “please don’t go there.”
• “I’ve acted foolishly,” he said.
• “I’ve just received my progress report. Would you like to see it?”
asked my younger brother.
• Suman asked Goldie, “When did you arrive?”
• “Don’t go out too far in the jungle,” the villager said to the
stranger.
• The teacher said to me, “I want to talk to you about your
daughter’s progress.

Answers :
• The traveller asked me if I could tell him the way to the railway
station.
• Abhi requested Nayana not to go there.
• He said that he had acted foolishly.
• My younger brother told me that he had just received his
progress report and asked me if I would like to see it.
• Suman asked Goldie when she arrived.
• The villager advised the stranger not to go too far in the jungle.
• The teacher told me that she wanted to talk to me about my
daughter’s progress.

• Sugandh said, “What wonderful news!”
• Meena said to me, “you’re late, I’ve been waiting for you since 3 o’
clock.”
• “Shut the door after you leave,” she told him curtly.
• “The book is interesting,” Rohith said.
• “I don’t believe you,” she said to the man.
• “I’ll be in Delhi next month, “Raman said.
• “I like ice-cream,” Mohit said.
• “I’ll see you tomorrow,” she said.

Answers :
• Sugandh exclaimed that it was wonderful news.
• Meena told me that I was late and added that she had been
waiting for me from 3 o’ clock.
• She asked him curtly to shut the door after he left.
• Rohith said that the book was interesting.
• She told the man that she didn’t believe him.
• Raman said that he would be in Delhi the following month.
• Mohit said that he liked ice-cream.
• She said that she would see me the next day.

• He says, “I am unwell.”
• Vasantha says, “I have passed the exam.”
• She says, “my brother is writing a letter.”
• Hemant says, “I will learn English.”
• Saraswathi says, “I like sweets.”
• He said, “The earth moves round the sun.”
• They said, “A bad carpenter quarrels with his tools.”
• The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.”
• The boys said, “Oil floats on water.”
• She said, “A bird in had is worth tow in the bush.”

Answers :
• He says that he is unwell.
• Vasantha says that she has passed the exam.
• She says that her brother is writing a letter.
• Hemanth says that he will learn English.
• Saraswathi says that she likes sweets.
• He said that the earth moves round the sun.
• They said that a bad carpenter quarrels with his tools.
• The teacher said that the sun rises in the east.
• The boys said that oil floats on water.
• She said that a bird in hand is worth two in the bush.

• She said, “I am very poor.”
• He said, “we are in the playground.”
• Mohit said, “I don’t believe you.”
• John said to Mary, “you are innocent.”
• My father said to me, “They are late.”

Answers :
• She said that she was very poor.
• He said that they were in the playground.
• Mohit said that he didn’t believe me.
• John told Mary that she was innocent.
• My father told me that they were late.

• She said, “It may rain.”
• The boy said, “I can do it.”
• He said to me, “I shall meet your father.”
• Joseph said, “I will go home soon.”
• She said, “I can’t agree with you.”
• Raman said, “I have a problem.”
• The officer said to the clerk, “you must do it.”
• Balu said, “I don’t drink coffee.”
• Geetha said, “Raja will not lie.”
• Vidya said, “Sachin has a car.”

Answers :
• She said that it might rain.
• The boy said that he could do it.
• He told me that he would meet my father.
• Joseph said that he would go home soon.
• She said that she couldn’t agree with me.
• Raman said that he had a problem.
• The officer told the clerk that he had to do it.
• Balu said that he didn’t drink coffee.
• Geetha said that Raja would not lie.
• Vidya said that Sachin had a car.

• The boy said, “ I am doing my homework.”
• Ravi said, “I have met your brother.”
• Seetha said, “I waited for Ramu till 10 o’clock.”
• Rahim said, “John will have met the governor.”
• He said, “It is time I went to bed.”
• Radha said, “I have bought a watch for you.”
• Sunitha said, “I have been working on this novel for five years.”
• My father said to me, “you have done your work well.”
• Mohan said to me, “I met Suresh in Mumbai.”

Answers :
• The boy said that he was doing his homework.
• Ravi said that he had met my brother.
• Seetha said that she had waited for Ramu till 10 o’clock.
• Rahim said that John would have met the governor.
• He said that it was time he went to bed.
• Radha said that she had been watching Tv.
• He said that he had bought a watch for me.
• Sunitha said that she had been working on that novel for five
years.
• My father told me that I had done my work well.
• Mohan told me that he had met Suresh in Mumbai.

• Abhinav said, “I have not stolen the necklace.”
• The villager said to the stranger, “I have never seen you.”
• Srinivas said, “I am reading a novel.”
• Shahid said, “My father went to Nizamabad yesterday.’’
• He said, “The children are having a bath now.”

Answers :
• Abhinav said that he had not stolen the necklace.
• The villager told the stranger that he had never seen him.
• Srinivas said that he was reading a novel.
• Shahid said that his father had gone to Nizamabad the previous
day.
• He said that the children were having a bath.

• He said to me, “who lives in this house?”
• “Do you know when she will go home?” I said to him.
• Ramesh said to me, “How are you feeling?”
• She said, “Can you help me?”
• I said to him, “What are you doing here today?”
• My friend said, “Is Mr. Rao on leave?”
• Sumitra said, “Shall I switch on the fan?”
• She said, “Why didn’t he come?”
• Nirmala said to her friend, “Which magazines do you usually
read?”
• He said, “Will you listen to such a man?”

Answers :
• He asked me who lived in that house.
• I asked him if he knew when she would go home.
• Ramesh asked me how I was feeling.
• She asked me if I could help her.
• I asked him what he was doing there that day.
• My friend asked if Mr. Rao was on leave.
• Sumitra asked whether she should switch on the fan.
• She wondered why he didn’t come.
• Nirmala asked her friend which magazines she usually read.
• He asked them whether they would listen to such a man.

• Rama said to Arjun, “Go away.”
• He said to him, “Please wait here till I return.”
• “Call the first witness”, said the Judge.
• “Open fire,” the officer said to the soldiers.
• My friend said, “Let’s sing together.”
• Mary’s father said to the Principal, “Please pardon my daughter.”
• They said to us, “Grow more trees.”
• The doctor said, “you must exercise everyday.”
• He said, “Sit down.”
• The manager said to the clerk, “Don’t come late.”

Answers:
• Rama ordered Arjun to go away.
• He requested him to wait there till he returned.
• The Judge commanded / ordered them to call the first witness.
• The officer ordered / commanded the soldiers to open fire.
• My friend suggested that we should sing together.
• Mary’s father requested the principal to pardon his daughter.
• They urged us to grow more trees.
• The doctor advised me to exercise everyday.
• He asked me to sit down.
• The manager advised the clerk not to come late.

• “May you live long,” he said.
• He said, “How beautiful the garden is!”
• He said, “Alas! I am undone.”
• “Many happy returns of the day”, said Mohsin.
• Harsha said to Suseela, “Good Morning.”
• He said, “Bravo! You have done well.”
• She said, “My God! I am ruined.”
• He said, “May your daughter recover soon.”
• “so help me, Heaven!” he cried, “I will never steal again.”
• Alice said, “How clever I am!”

Answers :
• She wished / prayed that I might live long.
• He exclaimed that the garden was very beautiful.
• He exclaimed sadly tht he was undone.
• Mohsin wished him / her many happy returns of the day.
• Harsha wished Suseela good morning.
• He applauded him, saying that he had done well.
• She exclaimed bitterly that she was ruined.
• He prayed / hoped that my daughter might recover soon.
• He called upon Heaven to witness his resolve never to steal
again.
• Alice exclaimed that she was very clever.

Direct and Indirect Speech English Grammar Topic.

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