Lecture Powerpoint

1. DIOSDADO
MACAPAGAL
Born:
September 28, 1910
Died:
April 21, 1997
Nickname:
“The Poor Boy from Lubao”

2. WHEN THEY
SERVED
President of the Philippines:
December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965
Vice President:
1957–1961 under President Carlos P. Garcia

3. 1. Economic Problems:
-Struggled with inflation, trade deficits, and corruption
in government institutions.
- Faced resistance from entrenched elites and
businessmen over economic reforms.
Major Events / Challenges
During Presidency:

4. 2. Hukbalahap Insurgency:
- Continued issues with the communist Huk insurgency, especially in
rural areas.
3. Rising Political Opposition:
- Faced growing criticism from the Nacionalista Party and rising
political star Ferdinand Marcos, who defeated him in 1965.

5. 1. Changed Independence Day:
-Moved the celebration of Philippine Independence from July 4
(American-granted independence) to June 12, to honor Emilio
Aguinaldo’s 1898 declaration of independence from Spain.
2. Anti-Corruption Campaign:
-Pushed for clean government and transparency, although with
mixed results.
🏗 Contributions / Achievements

6. 3. Land Reform Initiatives:
- Introduced the Agricultural Land Reform Code (RA 3844) to promote land
ownership for tenants and abolish share tenancy.
- Faced implementation challenges but laid the foundation for future land reform
programs.
4. Stabilization of the Economy:
- Advocated for a free enterprise economy.
- Decontrolled foreign exchange and devalued the peso to improve the balance
of payments.

7. •Slow Implementation of Reforms:
-Though progressive in intent, many of his programs like land reform
lacked strong enforcement.
⚖️Controversy / Criticisms:

8. •Economic Struggles:
- His economic liberalization policies (such as peso
devaluation) hurt some sectors and were unpopular with
certain business groups.
•Defeat by Marcos:
- Seen by some as ineffective in contrast to the more
charismatic and populist Marcos who succeeded him.

9. •Humble Beginnings:
- Born into poverty in Lubao, Pampanga. He worked his way through school
and became a lawyer and diplomat.
🌟 Interesting Facts / Legacy:

10. • Father of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo:
- His daughter, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, also became President of the Philippines
(2001–2010).
- Known as “Champion of the Common Man”
- Advocated for the poor and landless, which shaped many of his policies.
• Father of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
- His daughter, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, also became President of the
Philippines (2001–2010).
- Known as “Champion of the Common Man”
- Advocated for the poor and landless, which shaped many of his policies.
•Literary Talent:
- An accomplished writer and poet in both English and Spanish.
• Legacy:
- Remembered for promoting Filipino nationalism and for restoring historical
consciousness by honoring Philippine independence from Spain.

11. THANK YOU 😊