The document discusses removable partial dentures (RPDs), including:
1. RPDs are prostheses that replace some teeth in a partially dentate arch and can be removed from the mouth.
2. Key components of RPDs include the denture base, supporting elements, retentive elements like clasps, and connectors.
3. Kennedy classification is used to classify partially edentulous arches based on the location of edentulous areas. Applegate rules govern the application of Kennedy classification.
This document provides guidance on evaluating patients for dental treatment planning. It discusses examining various physical and psychological factors about the patient including gait, age, sex, complexion, medical history, dental history and more. A thorough clinical examination of the head, neck, face, lips, jaw, mouth and residual ridges is also described to understand a patient's physical state and needs in order to develop a customized treatment plan.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS (2).pptmanjulikatyagi
This document discusses the diagnosis and treatment planning process for edentulous patients requiring complete dentures. It emphasizes the importance of a thorough patient assessment involving medical history, clinical examinations, diagnostic procedures and observations. The goal is to understand the patient's physical and psychological condition to determine a treatment plan that meets their expectations. A proper diagnosis recognizes any issues, formulates an appropriate plan, carries out necessary examinations and interprets the results. This process requires developing trust with the patient and familiarizing oneself with their overall oral condition to achieve successful complete denture therapy.
The document provides information on the examination and diagnosis process for completely edentulous patients. It discusses taking a case history, performing extraoral and intraoral examinations, reviewing radiographs and old dentures, and examining pre-extraction records. The case history focuses on medical history, denture experience, and mental attitude. Examinations evaluate the ridges, palate, mucosa, tongue, saliva and other structures to diagnose the patient's condition and needs to develop a appropriate treatment plan.
The document discusses the process of evaluating patients for complete dentures, including medical and dental history, extra-oral and intra-oral examinations, and developing a treatment plan and prognosis. The examinations assess factors like facial structure, muscles, lips, tongue, palate, residual ridges, undercuts and saliva that influence denture design and success. Evaluating the patients thoroughly aids in determining the appropriate treatment.
Diagnosis & treatment plan of completely Edentulous PatientsMaiMohamedMohamedAbd
The document outlines procedures for examining, diagnosing, and treatment planning for edentulous or partially edentulous patients requiring dentures. It discusses gathering medical and dental histories, performing extraoral and intraoral examinations, ordering radiographs, making diagnoses, developing treatment plans, discussing prognosis and fees with the patient, and obtaining consent. The examinations evaluate factors like ridge resorption, saliva, tongue size, palate shape that influence denture treatment. Alternative plans may be needed based on the patient's health, finances, and expectations. The goal is developing the best treatment considering all relevant factors for a given patient.
intraoral and extraoral examination.pptxmisthysrishty
This document provides an overview of the clinical examination process for periodontal diseases. It begins with an introduction and then describes the extra-oral and intra-oral examination procedures. The extra-oral examination involves inspecting facial symmetry, lymph nodes, the temporomandibular joint, and lip competence. The intra-oral soft and hard tissue examinations include evaluating the oral mucosa, gingiva, teeth, periodontal pockets, furcations, and other structures. Factors like plaque, calculus, gingival health, attachment loss, and mobility are assessed. The document emphasizes the importance of a systematic and thorough clinical examination to diagnose periodontal diseases.
1) A 12-year-old patient presented with mucosal trauma from a deep overbite.
2) Traumatic deep overbites can be classified based on their skeletal and dental characteristics.
3) Treatment aims to relieve pain, correct vertical and anteroposterior discrepancies, and ensure stability.
The document summarizes the anatomy and structures of the gingiva. It describes the marginal gingiva, gingival sulcus, attached gingiva, interdental gingiva, and mucogingival junction. It discusses the functions of the gingiva in protecting tissues, obtaining shape with tooth eruption, and resisting forces. The document also examines age-related changes to the gingiva and studies on the width of attached gingiva needed for periodontal health.
This document provides guidance on evaluating patients for dental treatment planning. It discusses examining various physical and psychological factors about the patient including gait, age, sex, complexion, medical history, dental history and more. A thorough clinical examination of the head, neck, face, lips, jaw, mouth and residual ridges is also described to understand a patient's physical state and needs in order to develop a customized treatment plan.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING OF EDENTULOUS PATIENTS (2).pptmanjulikatyagi
This document discusses the diagnosis and treatment planning process for edentulous patients requiring complete dentures. It emphasizes the importance of a thorough patient assessment involving medical history, clinical examinations, diagnostic procedures and observations. The goal is to understand the patient's physical and psychological condition to determine a treatment plan that meets their expectations. A proper diagnosis recognizes any issues, formulates an appropriate plan, carries out necessary examinations and interprets the results. This process requires developing trust with the patient and familiarizing oneself with their overall oral condition to achieve successful complete denture therapy.
The document provides information on the examination and diagnosis process for completely edentulous patients. It discusses taking a case history, performing extraoral and intraoral examinations, reviewing radiographs and old dentures, and examining pre-extraction records. The case history focuses on medical history, denture experience, and mental attitude. Examinations evaluate the ridges, palate, mucosa, tongue, saliva and other structures to diagnose the patient's condition and needs to develop a appropriate treatment plan.
The document discusses the process of evaluating patients for complete dentures, including medical and dental history, extra-oral and intra-oral examinations, and developing a treatment plan and prognosis. The examinations assess factors like facial structure, muscles, lips, tongue, palate, residual ridges, undercuts and saliva that influence denture design and success. Evaluating the patients thoroughly aids in determining the appropriate treatment.
Diagnosis & treatment plan of completely Edentulous PatientsMaiMohamedMohamedAbd
The document outlines procedures for examining, diagnosing, and treatment planning for edentulous or partially edentulous patients requiring dentures. It discusses gathering medical and dental histories, performing extraoral and intraoral examinations, ordering radiographs, making diagnoses, developing treatment plans, discussing prognosis and fees with the patient, and obtaining consent. The examinations evaluate factors like ridge resorption, saliva, tongue size, palate shape that influence denture treatment. Alternative plans may be needed based on the patient's health, finances, and expectations. The goal is developing the best treatment considering all relevant factors for a given patient.
intraoral and extraoral examination.pptxmisthysrishty
This document provides an overview of the clinical examination process for periodontal diseases. It begins with an introduction and then describes the extra-oral and intra-oral examination procedures. The extra-oral examination involves inspecting facial symmetry, lymph nodes, the temporomandibular joint, and lip competence. The intra-oral soft and hard tissue examinations include evaluating the oral mucosa, gingiva, teeth, periodontal pockets, furcations, and other structures. Factors like plaque, calculus, gingival health, attachment loss, and mobility are assessed. The document emphasizes the importance of a systematic and thorough clinical examination to diagnose periodontal diseases.
1) A 12-year-old patient presented with mucosal trauma from a deep overbite.
2) Traumatic deep overbites can be classified based on their skeletal and dental characteristics.
3) Treatment aims to relieve pain, correct vertical and anteroposterior discrepancies, and ensure stability.
The document summarizes the anatomy and structures of the gingiva. It describes the marginal gingiva, gingival sulcus, attached gingiva, interdental gingiva, and mucogingival junction. It discusses the functions of the gingiva in protecting tissues, obtaining shape with tooth eruption, and resisting forces. The document also examines age-related changes to the gingiva and studies on the width of attached gingiva needed for periodontal health.
Deep Bite| Braces Treatment| Certification Courses in Fixed Orthodontics in D...Dr. Rajat Sachdeva
Deep Bite
Excessive Overlaping of upper front teeth over the lower front teeth is deep bite.
Orthodontic Treatment through braces, Invisalign, Damon's Braces, Traditional braces, Orthognathic Surgeries.
Restorative and periodontal therapy, Habit Breaking appliances.
All the procedure performing by experienced one.
Dr. Sachdeva's Dental Institute, where you will learn to perform the procedures impeccably.
To Learn More, Call us:-+919818894041,01142464041
Follow Our Link:-
Google link:
https://business.google.com/dashboard/l/04970356233769420071
Facebook link for Dental Courses:
https://www.facebook.com/dentalcoursesdelhi/
Facebook link for Dental Treatments:
https://www.facebook.com/sachdevadental/
You tube Link:
https://www.youtube.com/user/drrajatsachdeva
Linkedin link:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/drrajatsachdeva/
Slideshare:
https://www.slideshare.net/drrajatsachdeva
Twitter Page :
https://twitter.com/drrajatsachdeva
Instagram page :
https://www.instagram.com/surgicalmasterrajat/
Practo Profile :
https://www.practo.com/delhi/doctor/dr-rajat-sachdeva-dentist
Blogger Profile :
http://drrajatsachdeva.blogspot.com/
Facial Aesthetics Facebook Page :
https://www.facebook.com/facialaesthetics.delhi
Facial Aesthetics you tube channel :
http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCheM4wF9nWGXJYOmScvsQNw
This document discusses treatment planning for complete dentures. It describes a classification system developed by the American College of Prosthodontics for complete edentulism based on objective variables. The system defines four classes ranging from Class I (uncomplicated) to Class IV (most complex). Treatment is planned based on factors like residual ridge morphology, muscle attachments, jaw relationship, and systemic health. Modifiers to the treatment plan are considered for each variable, such as using cheek plumpers for loose muscle tone or relieving bony undercuts surgically. The goal is to match treatment options to patient needs in a logical sequence.
Unidad 1 intro to restorative concepts revisitedDonto2
1. The document discusses the history and principles of operative planning and cavity preparation for direct dental restorations. It covers topics like defining cavities versus preparations, principles of cavity design put forth by Black and others, classification of cavities, and methods for detecting and removing decay while protecting the pulp.
2. Modern cavity preparations aim to be minimally invasive using techniques like adhesive dentistry, laser diagnosis, and pulp protection with sealants or glass ionomer cements. Cavities can be classified based on location, size, depth and other factors to guide the preparation.
3. Outline, resistance, retention, convenience and cleaning steps are discussed as the logical sequence for cavity preparations to efficiently and effectively access decay while
Preventive And Interceptive Orthodonticsshabeel pn
The document discusses preventive and interceptive orthodontics. It describes various procedures used in preventive orthodontics like parent education, caries control, space maintenance, and management of oral habits. Interceptive orthodontics aims to prevent potential malocclusions from progressing and includes serial extraction, correction of developing crossbites, control of habits, space regaining, and intercepting skeletal malrelations. Common space maintainers and habit breakers used are also outlined.
This document presents classification systems for complete edentulism, partial edentulism, and completely dentate patients. For complete edentulism, it describes 4 classes based on factors like residual bone height, ridge morphology, muscle attachments, and occlusal relationships. Partial edentulism classes are determined by location/extent of edentulous areas, abutment conditions, occlusion, and residual ridges. Completely dentate classes consider tooth condition and occlusal scheme, with higher classes requiring more extensive pre-prosthetic therapy.
This document discusses the interrelationship between prosthodontics and periodontics in achieving success in fixed partial denture treatment. It emphasizes the importance of proper diagnosis, treatment planning, and preparation of the periodontium prior to prosthetic treatment. This includes management of periodontal disease, gingival problems, occlusal issues, and bone or soft tissue defects. Factors like margin placement, splinting, and impressions are also addressed to minimize risk of damaging the periodontal attachment.
Serial extraction of class i malocclusionMaherFouda1
This document provides information on serial extraction techniques for correcting Class I malocclusions. It defines serial extraction as the planned extraction of deciduous teeth and sometimes permanent teeth to encourage spontaneous correction of irregularities. The document discusses the historical development of serial extraction, pioneers who developed the concept, and Dewel's technique in particular. It outlines the rationale, indications, contraindications, and timing of extractions in the serial extraction process. The goal is to utilize growth and tooth movement principles to align teeth and reduce malocclusion without extensive orthodontic treatment.
1. The document discusses various periodontal aspects related to fixed prosthodontics, including maintaining periodontal health, crown margin placement, crown contours, embrasure design, pontic design, splinting, and more.
2. Proper crown margin placement is important to avoid violating the biologic width and causing bone loss or gingival recession. Margins should be smooth, rounded, and accurately fitting.
3. Crown contours should mimic adjacent teeth to allow hygiene access while maintaining esthetics. Embrasures should be wide enough for hygiene but not too wide to cause food impaction.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING FOR COMPLETE DENTURES .pdfHimanshu Tiwari
The document discusses diagnosis and treatment planning for complete dentures. It covers:
1. Successful complete denture therapy requires a thorough assessment of the patient's physical and psychological condition to deliver a functional denture that meets their expectations.
2. Treatment planning involves developing a course of action based on the diagnosis to serve the patient's needs, and includes examination of medical and dental history, clinical examination, and radiographs.
3. The first appointment is critical for developing trust and understanding the patient's chief complaint and expectations.
Deep bite, or a malocclusion where the lower incisor teeth are excessively overlapped by the upper incisors, can cause abnormal function, improper mastication, excessive stress, trauma, and TMJ issues. It is classified as dentoalveolar or skeletal, true or pseudo, and complete or incomplete. Deep bite has inherent factors like tooth morphology and skeletal growth patterns, and acquired factors like thumb sucking and changes in tooth position. Clinical features include supraeruption of front teeth, excessive overjets, infraocclusion of back teeth, and altered tooth morphology. Treatment depends on etiology, remaining growth, vertical dimension, and soft tissue relationships. Options include extruding back teeth using bite
This document provides an overview of mixed dentition and orthodontic appliances used during this period. Mixed dentition refers to the stage when primary teeth are being replaced by permanent teeth, between ages 6-13 years. Common orthodontic problems in mixed dentition include increased overjet and open bite. Functional appliances discussed include oral screens, lip bumpers, activators, and Frankel's regulator. Other appliances mentioned are space maintainers, tongue blades for crossbite correction, and space regainers. The document outlines the principles, advantages, limitations and indications for different appliances used in intercepting and correcting malocclusions during mixed dentition.
Buccolingual malrelationship of upper and lower
teeth.Anterior or posterior (unilateral or bilateral) with or
without mandibular displacement.
Buccal crossbite: Lower teeth occlude buccal to
corresponding upper teeth .
Lingual crossbite (scissors bite): Lower teeth occlude
lingual to palatal cusps of upper teeth.
Prostho perio/ orthodontic practice/ orthodontic continuing educationIndian dental academy
The document discusses the interrelationship between periodontal health and dental restorations. A healthy periodontium is necessary for restorations to survive long-term, as the teeth must be maintained. Likewise, restorations must be managed carefully to remain in harmony with surrounding periodontal tissues. The objectives of periodontal prosthesis are outlined, along with definitions of key anatomical structures. Guidelines are provided for examining the patient, including visual inspection, probing, evaluating mobility and reviewing radiographs.
The document discusses 10 common patient complaints following partial denture insertion and their potential causes: 1) pain or discomfort from the soft tissues or ridge, which may be due to nodules, damage, uneven contact, excessive displacement during impression, or high vertical dimension; 2) difficulties with mastication from neuromuscular changes, food type/amount, lack of sharpness, unbalanced articulation, or food lodgment; 3) denture movement during function from improper clasp adjustment, occlusal defects, over-extended peripheries, or improper tooth positioning. Potential solutions are provided for examining and addressing each complaint.
This document provides guidance on the examination, diagnosis, and treatment planning process for complete denture prosthodontics. It outlines the various components of patient history taking and clinical examination that are important to assess, including medical history, extraoral examination, intraoral soft tissue and residual ridge examination, radiographs, and mental attitude assessment. Factors such as age, gender, occupation, chief complaint, systemic diseases, neuromuscular function, saliva, arch size and shape, interarch relationship, and existing dentures are evaluated. The results of this process inform the treatment plan, which is discussed with the patient, and prognosis is determined.
Effects of restorative procedure on periodontiumParth Thakkar
The document discusses several factors related to restoring teeth and maintaining periodontal health. Restorative procedures should aim to place margins in a supragingival location to avoid biological width violations that can cause inflammation and bone loss. Crown contours and materials should facilitate plaque removal. Esthetic considerations include maintaining ideal embrasure forms between teeth. Occlusion should distribute forces across all teeth to prevent trauma from excessive forces.
Deep Bite| Braces Treatment| Certification Courses in Fixed Orthodontics in D...Dr. Rajat Sachdeva
Deep Bite
Excessive Overlaping of upper front teeth over the lower front teeth is deep bite.
Orthodontic Treatment through braces, Invisalign, Damon's Braces, Traditional braces, Orthognathic Surgeries.
Restorative and periodontal therapy, Habit Breaking appliances.
All the procedure performing by experienced one.
Dr. Sachdeva's Dental Institute, where you will learn to perform the procedures impeccably.
To Learn More, Call us:-+919818894041,01142464041
Follow Our Link:-
Google link:
https://business.google.com/dashboard/l/04970356233769420071
Facebook link for Dental Courses:
https://www.facebook.com/dentalcoursesdelhi/
Facebook link for Dental Treatments:
https://www.facebook.com/sachdevadental/
You tube Link:
https://www.youtube.com/user/drrajatsachdeva
Linkedin link:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/drrajatsachdeva/
Slideshare:
https://www.slideshare.net/drrajatsachdeva
Twitter Page :
https://twitter.com/drrajatsachdeva
Instagram page :
https://www.instagram.com/surgicalmasterrajat/
Practo Profile :
https://www.practo.com/delhi/doctor/dr-rajat-sachdeva-dentist
Blogger Profile :
http://drrajatsachdeva.blogspot.com/
Facial Aesthetics Facebook Page :
https://www.facebook.com/facialaesthetics.delhi
Facial Aesthetics you tube channel :
http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCheM4wF9nWGXJYOmScvsQNw
This document discusses treatment planning for complete dentures. It describes a classification system developed by the American College of Prosthodontics for complete edentulism based on objective variables. The system defines four classes ranging from Class I (uncomplicated) to Class IV (most complex). Treatment is planned based on factors like residual ridge morphology, muscle attachments, jaw relationship, and systemic health. Modifiers to the treatment plan are considered for each variable, such as using cheek plumpers for loose muscle tone or relieving bony undercuts surgically. The goal is to match treatment options to patient needs in a logical sequence.
Unidad 1 intro to restorative concepts revisitedDonto2
1. The document discusses the history and principles of operative planning and cavity preparation for direct dental restorations. It covers topics like defining cavities versus preparations, principles of cavity design put forth by Black and others, classification of cavities, and methods for detecting and removing decay while protecting the pulp.
2. Modern cavity preparations aim to be minimally invasive using techniques like adhesive dentistry, laser diagnosis, and pulp protection with sealants or glass ionomer cements. Cavities can be classified based on location, size, depth and other factors to guide the preparation.
3. Outline, resistance, retention, convenience and cleaning steps are discussed as the logical sequence for cavity preparations to efficiently and effectively access decay while
Preventive And Interceptive Orthodonticsshabeel pn
The document discusses preventive and interceptive orthodontics. It describes various procedures used in preventive orthodontics like parent education, caries control, space maintenance, and management of oral habits. Interceptive orthodontics aims to prevent potential malocclusions from progressing and includes serial extraction, correction of developing crossbites, control of habits, space regaining, and intercepting skeletal malrelations. Common space maintainers and habit breakers used are also outlined.
This document presents classification systems for complete edentulism, partial edentulism, and completely dentate patients. For complete edentulism, it describes 4 classes based on factors like residual bone height, ridge morphology, muscle attachments, and occlusal relationships. Partial edentulism classes are determined by location/extent of edentulous areas, abutment conditions, occlusion, and residual ridges. Completely dentate classes consider tooth condition and occlusal scheme, with higher classes requiring more extensive pre-prosthetic therapy.
This document discusses the interrelationship between prosthodontics and periodontics in achieving success in fixed partial denture treatment. It emphasizes the importance of proper diagnosis, treatment planning, and preparation of the periodontium prior to prosthetic treatment. This includes management of periodontal disease, gingival problems, occlusal issues, and bone or soft tissue defects. Factors like margin placement, splinting, and impressions are also addressed to minimize risk of damaging the periodontal attachment.
Serial extraction of class i malocclusionMaherFouda1
This document provides information on serial extraction techniques for correcting Class I malocclusions. It defines serial extraction as the planned extraction of deciduous teeth and sometimes permanent teeth to encourage spontaneous correction of irregularities. The document discusses the historical development of serial extraction, pioneers who developed the concept, and Dewel's technique in particular. It outlines the rationale, indications, contraindications, and timing of extractions in the serial extraction process. The goal is to utilize growth and tooth movement principles to align teeth and reduce malocclusion without extensive orthodontic treatment.
1. The document discusses various periodontal aspects related to fixed prosthodontics, including maintaining periodontal health, crown margin placement, crown contours, embrasure design, pontic design, splinting, and more.
2. Proper crown margin placement is important to avoid violating the biologic width and causing bone loss or gingival recession. Margins should be smooth, rounded, and accurately fitting.
3. Crown contours should mimic adjacent teeth to allow hygiene access while maintaining esthetics. Embrasures should be wide enough for hygiene but not too wide to cause food impaction.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT PLANNING FOR COMPLETE DENTURES .pdfHimanshu Tiwari
The document discusses diagnosis and treatment planning for complete dentures. It covers:
1. Successful complete denture therapy requires a thorough assessment of the patient's physical and psychological condition to deliver a functional denture that meets their expectations.
2. Treatment planning involves developing a course of action based on the diagnosis to serve the patient's needs, and includes examination of medical and dental history, clinical examination, and radiographs.
3. The first appointment is critical for developing trust and understanding the patient's chief complaint and expectations.
Deep bite, or a malocclusion where the lower incisor teeth are excessively overlapped by the upper incisors, can cause abnormal function, improper mastication, excessive stress, trauma, and TMJ issues. It is classified as dentoalveolar or skeletal, true or pseudo, and complete or incomplete. Deep bite has inherent factors like tooth morphology and skeletal growth patterns, and acquired factors like thumb sucking and changes in tooth position. Clinical features include supraeruption of front teeth, excessive overjets, infraocclusion of back teeth, and altered tooth morphology. Treatment depends on etiology, remaining growth, vertical dimension, and soft tissue relationships. Options include extruding back teeth using bite
This document provides an overview of mixed dentition and orthodontic appliances used during this period. Mixed dentition refers to the stage when primary teeth are being replaced by permanent teeth, between ages 6-13 years. Common orthodontic problems in mixed dentition include increased overjet and open bite. Functional appliances discussed include oral screens, lip bumpers, activators, and Frankel's regulator. Other appliances mentioned are space maintainers, tongue blades for crossbite correction, and space regainers. The document outlines the principles, advantages, limitations and indications for different appliances used in intercepting and correcting malocclusions during mixed dentition.
Buccolingual malrelationship of upper and lower
teeth.Anterior or posterior (unilateral or bilateral) with or
without mandibular displacement.
Buccal crossbite: Lower teeth occlude buccal to
corresponding upper teeth .
Lingual crossbite (scissors bite): Lower teeth occlude
lingual to palatal cusps of upper teeth.
Prostho perio/ orthodontic practice/ orthodontic continuing educationIndian dental academy
The document discusses the interrelationship between periodontal health and dental restorations. A healthy periodontium is necessary for restorations to survive long-term, as the teeth must be maintained. Likewise, restorations must be managed carefully to remain in harmony with surrounding periodontal tissues. The objectives of periodontal prosthesis are outlined, along with definitions of key anatomical structures. Guidelines are provided for examining the patient, including visual inspection, probing, evaluating mobility and reviewing radiographs.
The document discusses 10 common patient complaints following partial denture insertion and their potential causes: 1) pain or discomfort from the soft tissues or ridge, which may be due to nodules, damage, uneven contact, excessive displacement during impression, or high vertical dimension; 2) difficulties with mastication from neuromuscular changes, food type/amount, lack of sharpness, unbalanced articulation, or food lodgment; 3) denture movement during function from improper clasp adjustment, occlusal defects, over-extended peripheries, or improper tooth positioning. Potential solutions are provided for examining and addressing each complaint.
This document provides guidance on the examination, diagnosis, and treatment planning process for complete denture prosthodontics. It outlines the various components of patient history taking and clinical examination that are important to assess, including medical history, extraoral examination, intraoral soft tissue and residual ridge examination, radiographs, and mental attitude assessment. Factors such as age, gender, occupation, chief complaint, systemic diseases, neuromuscular function, saliva, arch size and shape, interarch relationship, and existing dentures are evaluated. The results of this process inform the treatment plan, which is discussed with the patient, and prognosis is determined.
Effects of restorative procedure on periodontiumParth Thakkar
The document discusses several factors related to restoring teeth and maintaining periodontal health. Restorative procedures should aim to place margins in a supragingival location to avoid biological width violations that can cause inflammation and bone loss. Crown contours and materials should facilitate plaque removal. Esthetic considerations include maintaining ideal embrasure forms between teeth. Occlusion should distribute forces across all teeth to prevent trauma from excessive forces.
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
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Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptxwalterHu5
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
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Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
2. RPD - DEFINITION
"A prosthesis (denture) that
replaces some teeth in a
partially dentate arch. It can be
removed from the mouth and
replaced at will"
6. DIAGNOSIS OF
REMOVABLE
PARTIAL DENTURE
• Patient evaluation
• Medical & clinical history
• Clinical examination of patient
(pemeriksaan klinis)
• Kennedy classification
7. PATIENT
EVALUATION
(EVALUASI PASIEN)
• People with neuromuscular disorders shows
different gait denture adaptation retention
& stabilization of denture (retensi & stabilisasi)
Gait (cara
jalan)
• Younger patient good healing
• Older patient compromised healing
Age
(usia)
• Male & female have different approach
Sex
7
8. PATIENT
EVALUATION
(EVALUASI PASIEN)
• Help determine the shade of teeth
Complexion
& personality
• Class I high cexpectation
• Class II moderate / normal expectation
• Class III low expectation and is difficult to
know if the patient is satisfied or not
Cosmetic
index
•Philosophical ideal and rational
•Exacting/critical high intelligent and difficult to satisfy
•Hysterical/antagonistic emotionally unstable and
negative attitude with unrealistic expectation
•Indifferent/passive unconcerned with appearance and
function
Mental
attitude
8
10. MEDICAL &
CLINICAL HISTORY
10
Pretreatment records
• Previous denture
• Current denture
• Pre-extraction record
Period of edentulousness
• Cause of tooth loss
• Teeth loss due to trauma have lesser impact in
resorption
• Teeth loss due to periodontal trauma are prone
to increased resorption than those which are
lost due to caries
12. The patient’s head and neck region should be examined in general for the
presence of any pathologic conditions.
It includes:
Facial Examination
Lip Examination
TMJ Examination
EXTRA ORAL
EXAMINATION
16. Health of the lips -Cracking, fissuring at corner &
ulceration: indicative of vitamin B-complex deficiency,
candida infection.
Lip support – adequately supported or
unsupported(collapsed or wrinkled appearance)
Lip thickness- thick lips require lesser support from
artificial teeth and labial flange.
Lip length- long , medium and short.
Lip mobility – normal (class I)
- reduced mobility (class II)
- paralysis (class III)
LIP EXAMINATION
17. Lip thickness – thick or thin
Thick – gives more freedom in teeth setting.
Thin – any change in labiolingual position can alter fullness, support or
drape of thin lip.
Lip length long or short.
Measured from - base of the nose to vermillion border of lip (ideal = 25
mm). or with index finger tip ,from incisive papilla to upper lip.
VERMILION BORDER
Long – will hide denture base & most of the tooth (maximum facial
expression is required for display of tooth).
Short – any expression will expose most of the tooth or even denture
base.
18. 1. Competent lips – lips are in slight contact
when the musculature is relaxed
2. Incompetent lips – morphologically short lips
which do not form a lip seal in a relaxed state
3. Potentially incompetent lips – normal lips ,
fail to form lip seal
4. Everted lips – hypertrophied lips with weak
muscular tonocity.
LIPS CAN BE CLASSIFIED
INTO 4 TYPES
19. • Clicking(disc displacement),crepitations(osteoarthrosis)
• Pain & tenderness on palpation
• Temporomandibular arthralgia
• Impaired mandibular mobility
• Irregularity or deviation on opening & closing of mandible
• Deflection.
• Locking of mandible.
TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
EXAMINATION
21. INTRA ORAL EXAMINATION
Remaining teeth Periodontal health Color of mucosa saliva
Ridge contour Ridge relation
Redundant and
hyperplastic tissue
Palatal throat form
Bony undercut and
torii
Muscle and frenum
attachment
Tongue Gag reflex
Note:
size = ukuran , form = bentuk. Arch = rahang
Muscle and frenum attachment = perlekatan otot dan frenulum
22. REMAINING TEETH
EXAMINATION
A thorough examination of the remaining teeth must be
performed
Caries, defective restoration must be corrected
Radiographic examination must be performed to check the
remaining teeth
Teeth with suspected pulpal involvement must be tested for
vitality
Percussion test must be performed to all teeth
22
23. PERIODONTAL
EXAMINATION
A complete periodontal examination should be
accomplished
Oral structure should be evaluated to
determine pocket depth, mobility, soft tissue
attachment, furcation involvement, etc
23
24. Ranges healthy pink to angry red.
Redness indicative of inflammation: related
to ill fitting denture, underlying infection,
systemic disease or chronic smoking.
Pigmented spots or lesions.
White patches keratotic areas caused by
denture irritation.
COLOUR OF MUCOSA
25. Flow – regular or irregular.
Quality – thin serous, mucinous, mixed.
Quantity – normal, excessive, scanty.
Deficient saliva: retention of denture will be affected.
Excess of saliva: complicates impression making.
Thick mucous saliva makes dentures more difficult to wear. It will
push out denture by accumulating beneath the denture.
Mixture of both Thin serous & Thick mucous saliva is the best to
work with.
SALIVA
27. The positional relation of the mandibular ridge &
maxillary ridge.
Angle classified ridge relationship as:
CLASS I: Normal
CLASS II: Retrognathic
CLASS III: Prognathic
RIDGE
RELATIONSHIP
28. Both the maxilla and mandible should be
examined for redundant tissue.
An excessive amount of flabby tissue will cause
the denture base to shift and move as force is
applied .
In such cases , surgical excision of the movable
tissue will improve the condition.
REDUNDANT TISSUE
29. Often hyperplastic tissue is present under an ill-
fitting denture which may be an epulis fissuratum
related to a denture border, papillary hyperplasia
under the denture base.
Rest to the tissue, proper oral hygiene, tissue
massage will improve the condition.
If not, surgical correction is needed for the
foundation of new denture.
HYPERPLASTIC TISSUE
30. U-shaped palatal vault: most favourable for retention & lateral stability.
V-shaped vault: less favourable for retention.
Flat palatal vault: also unfavourable.
HARD PALATE
31. Classified according to configurations based on the degree of
flexure the soft palate makes with the hard palate and the width of
the seal area.
Class I: Horizontal & demonstrating little muscular movement. Most
favourable condition as it allows for more tissue coverage for
posterior palatal seal. Forms a 10 degree angle.
Class II: Turns downward forming a 45degree angle to hard palate.
Potential tissue coverage is less than for classI.
Class III: Turns downward sharply at 70 degree angle just
posterior to hard palate. Least favourable soft tissue form.
SOFT PALATE
32. V- shaped vault: associated with Class III soft palate
Flat palatal vault: usually associated with Class I or Class II soft palate.
33. Bony undercuts are frequently found on
maxillary and mandibular ridges.
The rule should be always selective relief of the
denture rather than surgical excision.
If the undercuts are severe and previous
denture attempts have failed , surgery should
be considered.
On mandibular ridge, the only undercut that
can pose a real problem is a prominent sharp
mylohyoid ridge.
BONY UNDERCUTS
35. Torus palatinus & lingual tori frequently
present.
Torus palatinus: range from a small
prominence in the midline to one that covers
the entire hard palate.
Adequate relief must be planned.
Lingual tori: interfere with denture
construction & unless very small should be
surgically removed
TORI
36. Class I - Tori absent or minimal in size. Do not interfere with
denture construction.
Class II – Moderate size. Mild difficulties in denture
construction and use. Surgery not required.
Class III – Large in size. Compromise fabrication & function of
dentures. Requires surgical recontouring and removal.
TORII
CLASSIFICATION
37. BORDER ATTACHMENTS (HOUSE) :
Class I – Attachments are away from the crest of ridge (0.5 inches or
more between level of attachment and crest of ridge)
Class II – Attachments height is 0.25 to 0.50 inches.
Class III - < 0.25 inches from ridge crest.
FRENUM ATTACHMENTS (HOUSE):-same as border
attachments
Class I – frenum located away from crest of ridge.
Class II – nearer to the crest of ridge.
Class III – freni encroach on the crest of the ridge and may interfere
with denture seal. Surgical correction may be required (frenotomy or
frenectomy)
38. Normal defense mechanism developed by the
body to prevent foreign bodies from entering the
trachea.
Can be caused by:
Systemic disorders,
Psychological factors,
Extraoral & intraoral physiological factors
Iatrogenic factors.
Controlled by glossopharyngeal nerve
GAG REFLEX
39. • Clinical techniques, pharmacological
measures, psychological intervention.
• Identify the existence of gag reflex with
thorough conversation with the patient.
• Careful handling of impression
procedure and constant reassurance of
the patient will suffice.
• In severe cases, a specialist maybe
needed to treat the problem at a
psychological level.
MANAGEMENT OF
GAG REFLEX
41. COMPONENTS OF
REMOVABLE
PARTIAL DENTURE
1. Denture Base ( Saddle)
2. Supporting Elements( Rests &
Embrasure Hock & Onlay )
3. Retentive Elements ( Direct {clasp
& attachments} & Indirect )
4. Connectors ( Major & Minor )
42. "That part of the denture
that rests on the oral
mucosa and carry the
artificial teeth"
or alternatively "The space(s) to be filled by the
denture“
Classification of Saddles
• Bounded Saddles
• (teeth present at both ends of
the saddle area)
• Free-end saddles
• (teeth present at only the
anterior end of the saddle)
DENTURE BASE
(SADDLE)
43. SUPPORT
"The resistance to a
vertical displacing force
directed towards the
mucosa“
1. Tooth support
2. Mucosa support
3. Tooth and Mucosa support
Others i.e. implants, overdenture (tooth)- support
Classification of Support
44. RETENTION
"That quality inherent in a prosthesis acting
to resist movement or displacement away
from the mucosa”
Achieved in RPD prosthodontics by the use of clasps mechanical retention
45. MAJOR CONNECTOR
That component of a denture
which unites saddles of a denture
• • Cast metal (Co-Cr), Gold, Nickel chrome or titanium
• • Acrylic resin
46. CLASSIFICATION OF RPD
REQUIREMENTS OF AN ACCEPTABLE
METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION
1. It should be permit immediate visualization of the
type of partially edentulous arch being considered.
2. It should permit immediate differentiation between
the tooth- support and the tooth and tissue-
supported RPD.
3. Serve as a guide to the type of design to be used.
4. It should be universally acceptable.
The most familiar classifications are those originally proposed by Kennedy,
Cummer, and Bailyn. Classifications have also been proposed by Beckett,
Godfrey, Swenson, Friedman, Wilson, Skinner, Appligate, Avent, Miller, and
others.
47. CLASSIFICATION OF RPD
Classifications in current use are of
two types - those which classify the
partial denture and those which
classify the partially edentulous
arch.
A classification which describes
partial dentures is based on the
nature of the support utilized by a
partial denture. Support can be
gained from:
1. Teeth-support (born),
2. Mucosa-support,
3. Teeth and mucosa-support.
49. KENNEDY’S
CLASSIFICATION
Kennedy divided all partially edentulous arches into
4 clases based on the location of the
edentulous area/s as follows:
1. Class I: Bilateral edentulous areas located
posterior to the remaining natural teeth.
2. Class II: A unilateral edentulous area located
posterior to the remaining natural teeth.
3. Class III: A unilateral edentulous area located
between the remaining natural teeth.
4. Class IV: A single, but Bilateral (crossing the
midline), edentulous area located anterior to the
remaining natural teeth.
By Dr.Edward Kennedy,(1925)
53. KENNEDY’S CLASSIFICATION
APPLEGATE RULES
Applegate (1960) provided the following 8 rules to governed the application of
the Kennedy classification:
Rule 1. Classification should follow rather than precede extractions that might
alter the original classification.
Rule 2. If the third molar is missing and not to be replaced, it is not considered
in the classification
Rule 3. If the third molar is present and is to be used as an abutment, it is
considered in the classification
Rule 4. If the second molar is missing and not to be replaced, it is not
considered in the classification
Rule 5. The most posterior edentulous area/s determine the classification.
Rule 6. The edentulous areas other than those determine the classification
are referred to as modification spaces and are designated by their
number.
Rule 7. The extent of the modification is not considered, only the no. of
additional edentulous areas.
Rule 8. There can be no modification areas in Class IV arches.
57. ACRYLIC REMOVABLE PARTIAL
DENTURE(RPD)
Acrylic removable partial denture a dental prosthesis which artificially
supplies teeth and associated structure in a partially edentulous arch ,
made from acrylic resin and can be inserted and removed at will.
An acrylic RPD consist of an acrylic resin denture base , artificial teeth,
and wrought wire clasp (cangkolan 1 jari , cangkolan 3 jari) or even cast
clasps.
Various several type are considered as acrylic partial denture, all of
which are of temporary type.
they are designed to be used for a short interval of time and are usually
constructed as a part of the total prosthodontic treatment, they usually
need supportive care.