Diabetes awareness workshop. Made for South African women in townships. Simplified explanation of a complex subject.

2. Rachel Aird, The Family Africa
Hope you enjoy the show

3.  An endocrine disorder; a group of metabolic
diseases characterised by elevated levels of
glucose in the blood resulting from defects in
insulin secretion, insulin action, insulin
receptors or any combination of conditions.
OR more EASILY PUT….
 Cells are swimming in glucose (their food) but
starving to death because of insulin issues.

4.  Cells need glucose. It is their food.
 Insulin moves glucose from blood into
cells. If there is not enough insulin
glucose stays in blood.
 S0……………….
 Cells are swimming in glucose (their
food) but starving to death because of
insulin issues.

5. Type 1 usually children and
young adults
Type 2 – middle aged or older,
possibly overweight and often
runs in families. Mother or
father, grandparents had it.

6.  Type I: Destruction of beta cells-> decreased
insulin production->uncontrolled glucose
production-> HYPERGLYCEMIA
 Type II: Decreased sensitivity of insulin
receptor to insulin-> less uptake of glucose->
HYPERGLYCEMIA
REMEMBER the concept
~Sugar Into The Cells~

7. Other types include Secondary Diabetes:
› Genetic defect beta cell or insulin
› Disease of pancreas
› Drug/chemical induced
› Infections-pancreatitits
 Gestational
(durin
› Gestational (during
pregnancy)
› overweight; risk for
Type 1 – Insulin
dependent
 LITTLE to NO Insulin
 20-30% Hereditary
 Ketoacidosis
Type 2– Not insulin
dependent
 some insulin produced
 90% hereditary

10.  Classic 3 P’s (urine, thirst,
hunger)
 Fatigue
 Body Weakness
 Weight Changes
 Visual Changes
 Slow Wound Healing/
Recurrent Skin infections
 And do some Laboratory Tests
 Family history of diabetes
 Race/Ethnicity
 Age
 Hypertension
 Hyperlipidemia (an abnormally high
concentration of fats or lipids in the blood)
 Family history of Gestational
Diabetes Mellitus
 Other signs and symptoms of
diabetes complications

12.  Are overweight.
 Are 45 or older.
 Are physically inactive.
 Have a parent or sibling with type 2 diabetes.
 Are Indian, Coloured or black.
 Have abnormal cholesterol levels.
 Have had gestational (during
pregnancy)diabetes, or given birth to a baby over
4.1kg
 Have high blood pressure.

13. Diabetes can be managed or controlled by:
 Educating patient about diabetes
 Exercising regularly
 Eating a healthy well balanced diet
 Avoiding smoking (people with diabetes who smoke
are at a higher risk of developing
cardiovascular complications).
 Avoid alcohol
Medication:
Type One: Insulin Injections given
subcutaneously
Type Two: Oral Medication, such as Metformin

16. Hot + Dry = Sugar High
Cold n Clammy (sweaty)=
Need Some Candy

18.  Walk
 Jog
 Dance
 Do Stretches
 Football
 Netball

22.  Get checked for Diabetes
 Be aware of symptoms
 Cut down on sugary food
 Stay a healthy weight
 Exercise
 Follow the directions the nurses and doctors
give you.

25.  1. Which type of diabetes do children and
young adults usually have?
 A) Type 1
 B) Type 2

26.  2) Cells can be swimming in glucose
but starving to death because of
insulin issues.
 True or False

27.  3) If some of your family have
diabetes, you are more likely to have
diabetes.
 True or False

28.  4. With Type 1 diabetes what are the
symptoms?
 A) Weight loss
 B) Going to the toilet a lot
 C) Very thirsty
 D) Very tired
 E) Very hungry
 F) All of the above

29.  5. If you do not exercise you are more
likely to get diabetes type 2
 True or False
 6. If you are overweight you are more
likely to get diabetes
 True or False

30.  7. If you have had gestational diabetes when
you were pregnant you are more like to get
diabetes type 2.
 True or False
 8) If you have high blood pressure you are
more likely to get diabetes type 2
 True or False

31.  9) Exercise and cutting out sugary
food will not help me.
 True or False

32.  10) Which are long term problems which
can be caused by diabetes:
 A) Blindness
 B) Ulcers (sores) on your feet
 C) Kidney disease
 D) Stroke
 E) Loss of circulation in your arms and legs
 F) All of the above

33.  11) Which is true
 A) Hot and dry = need some candy
 B) Hot and dry = sugar high
 12. Which is true
 A) Cold and clammy = need some candy
 B) Cold and clammy = sugar high

34.  1. Which type of diabetes do children and
young adults usually have?
 A) Type 1

35.  2) Cells can be swimming in glucose
but starving to death because of
insulin issues.
 True

36.  3) If some of your family have
diabetes, you are more likely to have
diabetes.
 True

37.  4. With Type 1 diabetes what are the
symptoms?
 A) Weight loss
 B) Going to the toilet a lot
 C) Very thirsty
 D) Very tired
 E) Very hungry
 F) All of the above
 F is correct because they are all correct

38.  5. If you do not exercise you are more
likely to get diabetes type 2
 True
 6. If you are overweight you are more
likely to get diabetes
 True

39.  7. If you have had gestational diabetes when
you were pregnant you are more like to get
diabetes type 2.
 True
 8) If you have high blood pressure you are
more likely to get diabetes type 2
 True

40.  9) Exercise and cutting out sugary
food will not help me.
 False

41.  10) Which are long term problems which
can be caused by diabetes:
 A) Blindness
 B) Ulcers (sores) on your feet
 C) Kidney disease
 D) Stroke
 E) Loss of circulation in your arms and legs
 F) All of the above
 F is correct because they are all correct

42.  11) Which is true for someone with
diabetes?
 B) Hot and dry = sugar high
 12. Which is true for someone with diabetes?
 A) Cold and clammy = need some candy