Central Problems of an economy studies the relation between scarcity & choice. Every economy deals with three basic problems-What, How & For Whom.
It is a very important topic for students of Economics in class XI-XII CBSE schools. But, it is equally important for anyone to understand how a production activity actually starts.
The ppt outlines the important aspects of the topic.
A short slidecast about the Asian economy, specifically about the stocks and China's willingness to help the EU. Also a small topic about Turkey's foreign policy is mentioned in the presentation.
Enjoy!!
Central Problems of an economy studies the relation between scarcity & choice. Every economy deals with three basic problems-What, How & For Whom.
It is a very important topic for students of Economics in class XI-XII CBSE schools. But, it is equally important for anyone to understand how a production activity actually starts.
The ppt outlines the important aspects of the topic.
A short slidecast about the Asian economy, specifically about the stocks and China's willingness to help the EU. Also a small topic about Turkey's foreign policy is mentioned in the presentation.
Enjoy!!
SOUND AIR WAVES: DIGITISATION IN INDIAN SOCIETYMira K Desai
Presentation for UGC Sponsored National Seminar on Understanding Digital Sound- Music/Sound Recording Techniques organised by SVT College of Home Science, SNDT Women’s university, Mumbai. March 8-9, 2016
What is Economic Development and Its Valuable Determinants.pdfAiblogtech
Economic development is a vital notion in comprehending a country's growth and success. It refers to the persistent, long-term increase in a country's residents' living standards achieved through a mix of economic, social, and political factors. This research study delves into the complexities of economic development, concentrating on the elements that influence it. In layman's words, we'll look at the key factors of economic development and explain how they affect a country's growth and prosperity.
I. Economic Development: A Holistic Approach
Economic development is more than just economic growth. While economic growth primarily measures the increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP), economic development takes into account a broader range of variables that represent a society's overall well-being. These indications are as follows:
1. Income Distribution: A nation's economic development is dependent on the equitable distribution of wealth among its population. A fair distribution aids in the reduction of poverty and inequality.
2. Human Development: High-quality education, healthcare, and social services all have an important role in economic development. Citizens who are healthy and educated are more productive.
3. Infrastructure: Adequate infrastructure, such as transportation networks, communication systems, and energy supplies, is critical for economic activity promotion.
II. Factors Affecting Economic Development
Several factors contribute significantly to a country's degree of economic growth. These influences are broadly classified as internal and external.
A. Internal Factors
1. Political Stability and Governance: Economic progress requires a stable political environment with good governance. A stable government promotes investment, minimizes uncertainty, and upholds the rule of law.
2. Education and Human Capital: A talented and educated workforce is a tremendous asset to any country. Individuals are educated to get the knowledge and skills needed to contribute to the economy and adapt to changing conditions.
3. Healthcare: Access to high-quality healthcare services not only improves population health but also boosts productivity. Individuals who are in good health can work and contribute to economic activities more efficiently.
4. Innovation and Technology: Countries that invest in R&D, innovation, and technology are better equipped to respond to changing economic situations. Technological progress can boost productivity and competitiveness.
B. External Factors
1. Trade and Globalization: International commerce enables countries to gain access to new markets, technologies, and resources. Globalization has promoted economic progress by facilitating the flow of products, services, and ideas.
2. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Foreign investment has the potential to boost economic growth by supplying capital, skills, and job opportunities. Attracting FDI is frequently a top priority for many developing countries.
Developed Economies:
Developed economies, often referred to as advanced or industrialized economies, are characterized by a high level of economic development, advanced technology, and a high standard of living. Here are key features of developed economies:
High Income Levels: Developed economies have high average income levels, resulting in a higher standard of living for their citizens.
Diversified Industrial Structure: These economies typically have well-developed industrial sectors, including advanced manufacturing, technology, and innovation.
Advanced Infrastructure: Developed economies boast advanced infrastructure, including efficient transportation networks, modern communication systems, and state-of-the-art facilities.
High Human Development Index (HDI): Developed economies score high on indices like the Human Development Index, which takes into account factors such as education, healthcare, and life expectancy.
Low Population Growth: Developed economies often experience stable or low population growth rates, leading to more effective resource management.
Shift from Agriculture to Services: A smaller percentage of the workforce is engaged in agriculture, with a significant portion working in the services and knowledge-based sectors.
Innovation and Technology: Developed economies are leaders in technological innovation, research and development, and the application of advanced technologies across various industries.
Social Safety Nets: Developed economies typically have robust social safety nets, including comprehensive healthcare systems, unemployment benefits, and pension plans.
Political Stability and Institutions: These economies tend to have stable political systems, strong institutions, and the rule of law, providing a conducive environment for economic activities.
Examples of developed economies include the United States, Canada, Germany, Japan, and many Western European countries
This presentation will provide you an insights on what i have learn in massive online course "Financing for Developement" From Billions to trillions. Hope this presentation will also prove learning tool for your awarness in SDGs. Role of private sector and philantrophy can play in this matter.
SOUND AIR WAVES: DIGITISATION IN INDIAN SOCIETYMira K Desai
Presentation for UGC Sponsored National Seminar on Understanding Digital Sound- Music/Sound Recording Techniques organised by SVT College of Home Science, SNDT Women’s university, Mumbai. March 8-9, 2016
What is Economic Development and Its Valuable Determinants.pdfAiblogtech
Economic development is a vital notion in comprehending a country's growth and success. It refers to the persistent, long-term increase in a country's residents' living standards achieved through a mix of economic, social, and political factors. This research study delves into the complexities of economic development, concentrating on the elements that influence it. In layman's words, we'll look at the key factors of economic development and explain how they affect a country's growth and prosperity.
I. Economic Development: A Holistic Approach
Economic development is more than just economic growth. While economic growth primarily measures the increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP), economic development takes into account a broader range of variables that represent a society's overall well-being. These indications are as follows:
1. Income Distribution: A nation's economic development is dependent on the equitable distribution of wealth among its population. A fair distribution aids in the reduction of poverty and inequality.
2. Human Development: High-quality education, healthcare, and social services all have an important role in economic development. Citizens who are healthy and educated are more productive.
3. Infrastructure: Adequate infrastructure, such as transportation networks, communication systems, and energy supplies, is critical for economic activity promotion.
II. Factors Affecting Economic Development
Several factors contribute significantly to a country's degree of economic growth. These influences are broadly classified as internal and external.
A. Internal Factors
1. Political Stability and Governance: Economic progress requires a stable political environment with good governance. A stable government promotes investment, minimizes uncertainty, and upholds the rule of law.
2. Education and Human Capital: A talented and educated workforce is a tremendous asset to any country. Individuals are educated to get the knowledge and skills needed to contribute to the economy and adapt to changing conditions.
3. Healthcare: Access to high-quality healthcare services not only improves population health but also boosts productivity. Individuals who are in good health can work and contribute to economic activities more efficiently.
4. Innovation and Technology: Countries that invest in R&D, innovation, and technology are better equipped to respond to changing economic situations. Technological progress can boost productivity and competitiveness.
B. External Factors
1. Trade and Globalization: International commerce enables countries to gain access to new markets, technologies, and resources. Globalization has promoted economic progress by facilitating the flow of products, services, and ideas.
2. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Foreign investment has the potential to boost economic growth by supplying capital, skills, and job opportunities. Attracting FDI is frequently a top priority for many developing countries.
Developed Economies:
Developed economies, often referred to as advanced or industrialized economies, are characterized by a high level of economic development, advanced technology, and a high standard of living. Here are key features of developed economies:
High Income Levels: Developed economies have high average income levels, resulting in a higher standard of living for their citizens.
Diversified Industrial Structure: These economies typically have well-developed industrial sectors, including advanced manufacturing, technology, and innovation.
Advanced Infrastructure: Developed economies boast advanced infrastructure, including efficient transportation networks, modern communication systems, and state-of-the-art facilities.
High Human Development Index (HDI): Developed economies score high on indices like the Human Development Index, which takes into account factors such as education, healthcare, and life expectancy.
Low Population Growth: Developed economies often experience stable or low population growth rates, leading to more effective resource management.
Shift from Agriculture to Services: A smaller percentage of the workforce is engaged in agriculture, with a significant portion working in the services and knowledge-based sectors.
Innovation and Technology: Developed economies are leaders in technological innovation, research and development, and the application of advanced technologies across various industries.
Social Safety Nets: Developed economies typically have robust social safety nets, including comprehensive healthcare systems, unemployment benefits, and pension plans.
Political Stability and Institutions: These economies tend to have stable political systems, strong institutions, and the rule of law, providing a conducive environment for economic activities.
Examples of developed economies include the United States, Canada, Germany, Japan, and many Western European countries
This presentation will provide you an insights on what i have learn in massive online course "Financing for Developement" From Billions to trillions. Hope this presentation will also prove learning tool for your awarness in SDGs. Role of private sector and philantrophy can play in this matter.
Overview of business
INDEX
Types Of Business
Industrial Sector
Globalization
Definition:
Business is an economic activity involving the regular production or distribution of goods and services with the objective of earning profits through the satisfaction of human wants.
Types of business:
1.Service
2.Manufacturing
3.Trade
Service
Service industry is the major type of business running in India. Examples – entertainment, consultancy, banking, telecommunication, call centres, KPO, etc.Service is different from manufacturing and trading of goods.
Manufacturing
In manufacturing, the items are produced using raw materials with the help of different engineering process and technologies. Other business depend on manufacturing. Hence it is very important. Example- machines, automobiles, stationary, etc.
Trade
These enterprises are concerned with the distribution of products i.e. sale of products , distribution, transfer, exchange of goods to business houses as well as consumers. Trading enterprises may be found operating in form of :
Wholesale
Retail
Import and export
Investment trusts, etc.
Types Of Industrial Sector
Trade
Automobile
Cement
Chemicals
Pharmaceuticals
Engineering goods
Jute
Iron and steel
Village industries
Petrochemical
Rubber & leather products
Small scale industries
Sugar
Tea
Textile
Agro based
Food based
Handicrafts, etc.
Engineering Industry
Engineering industry mainly deals with:
Design
Manufacture
Operations of structures, machines, or devices.
This industry primarily includes sectors like:
Civil
Computer and IT
Industrial
Electrical
Mechanical
Chemical
Process Industry
The process industries do different processes on the raw material to produce the final product.
The process could be either continuous or occur on a batch of materials.
Examples:
Wood and wooden products
Chemicals
Paper
Textile
Coal
Rubber
Plastics, etc.
Textile Industry
Textile industry deals with design and manufacturing of clothing products. Indian textile industries are one of the leading in the world. It includes following sectors:
Cotton
Jute
Sericulture
Wool and woollen
Man made fibre/ filament yarn
IT Industry
Information technology (IT) industry in India has played a key role in putting India on the global map. IT industry in India has been one of the most significant growth contributors for the Indian economy.
Major IT companies are:
Infosys
Accenture
Cognizant
CMC
Wipro
Oracle, etc.
Globalization
Globalization (or globalisation) is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture.
Globalization has allowed companies to increase their base of operations. It has supported companies to expand their workspace with relatively small investments and provide novel services to a wide range of consumers.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. Development
I. How is development
measured?
A. Economic Indicators of
Development
1. Primary Sector
2. Secondary Sector
3. Tertiary Sector
4. Quaternary & Quinary
Sector
B. Social Indicators
1. Education & Literacy
2. Health & Welfare
1. Diet (adequate
calories)
2. Healthcare Access
3. Development
C. Demographic Indicators of Development
1. Life Expectancy
2. Infant Mortality
3. Natural Increase
4. Crude Birth Rate
9. Development Theory
II.Models of Development
A. Self Sufficiency
1. Modest pace of development
2. Even distribution of development
3. Barriers established to protect local bus.
(tariffs, quotas, restrictions on imports)
4. Two problems:
a. inefficient businesses are protected.
b. Large bureaucracy develops
10. II. Rostow: International Trade
Traditional
Preconditions
for Take-Off
Take Off
Time
Drive to
Maturity
High Mass
Consumption
11. Traditional
Preconditions
for Take-Off
Take Off
Drive to
Maturity
High Mass
Consumption
Primary
Sector
Secondary
Sector
Tertiary
Sector
Vast
Majority
Vast
Majority
Declining
Few
Very Few
Very Few
Few
Rapid
Growth
Stable
Declining
Very Few
Very Few
Few
Rapid
Growth
Vast
Majority
12. Traditional
•Subsidence economy based on
effort intensive Farming.
- High effort, low output
•Producers consume the output.
Little available for trade
•Limited technology to process raw
materials or advance industry
•Informal Markets. Barter is king
13. Preconditions
for Take-Off
•Transportation infrastructure =
surplus from trade
•Tech improvement = Ag
Improvement, commercialized
•Amount of Capital & savings/
investment grows
•Single industry emerges
(textile)
14. Take Off
•Industrialization & Urbanization
•Growth = 1-2 regions & Handful of
Industries
•Amount of Capital & savings/
investment grows
•New political, social, and
infrastructure improvements to
support industry
15. Drive to
Maturity
•Diverse, self-sustained growth
of multiple industries
•New, diverse transportation
systems
•Econ development spreads to
all parts
•Advanced Manufacturing
develops
16. High Mass
Consumption
•Rapid expansion of tertiary
industries
•Industries shift to durable
consumer goods
17. II. Rostow: Criticisms
•Too Simple
•Necessitates Financial infrastructure for
success, relying on investment
•How will leaders use investment?
Palaces or infrastructure
•Ignores other necessary infrastructures:
Education, roads/rail, communication
•Assumes countries learn from others
experiences.
18. Development Theory
III.Wallerstein’s World System Analysis
A. Periphery: Low Income
1. Low tech use
2. High % Primary Activity
3. Low levels of Ed
B. Semi-Periphery
1. Former Periphery
2. Increased Econ Dev
3. Example: BRICS
C. Core: High Income
1. High Tech Use
2. High % Tertiary Activity
3. High levels of Ed, majority population
4. Examples: OECD, G8
19.
20.
21. Development Theory
IV.Structuralist Theory
A. Regional disparities are assumed, part of system
B. Geography determines economy, changes are
not easy.
V. Dependency Theory
A. Dominant areas rule over weak (imperialism)
B. Rich areas keep the poor areas down
1. Rich extract resources from poor
2. Rich loan $ to poor, keeps in debt
