Developing Tourism Skills and Employment Opportunities in Travel & Tourism: marine sector
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Heidi van der Watt, Director Better Tourism Africa
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Developing Tourism Skills and Employment Opportunities in Travel & Tourism: marine sector
- 2. Empowerment through skills development and employment opportunities in marine wildlife tourism in Gansbaai, South Africa Arabian Travel Market, 25 April 2018 Heidi van der Watt Better Tourism Africa
- 3. Introduction Marine Wildlife Tourism “any tourist activity with the primary purpose of watching, studying or enjoying marine wildlife” (Masters cited in Zeppel & Muloin, 2008, p. 281) 19844 1192008 42% 20% 15% 11%
- 4. 8 shark diving permits 2 whale watching permits
- 5. Household poverty 41.5% Human Devt Index 0.74 School dropout rate 49% Dependency ratio 54% Low / Semi- skilled employment 78% Gini coefficient 0.60
- 6. Ward 1 Ward 3 Informal 40.6% 0.1% In dwelling 58.2% 99.9% Gr 12 + 32.7% 68.9% Annual Household $ 5,000 $ 75,000 Access to Internet 16.4% 73.2%
- 7. Respondent group Achieved Sample MWT Operators 8 operators, 16 interviews Tourism employees 11 Local businesses 5 Civil society / related organisations 6 Households Ward 1 – 10 Ward 2 - 10 Key informants 15
- 8. “My wish for my children - a better life and life opportunities than what I had!” “… that she will finish school, go to university and get a good job with good income…” “I’d like to be a neuro surgeon so that I can help people like my dad” “…to send my daugther to a better school so that she has a strong chance in life …”
- 9. Started in 2009 as general worker in catering section 2012 enrolled in a smalll business management diploma On-going mentorship, internal training 2015 R&V driving school 2016 Shark Shack Today: HR Operations Manager ¼ shareholding 2010 appointed Front of House manager
- 10. Started in 2003 as general worker overseeing boat maintenance Incredible "eye at sea" recognised, appointed whale spotter Essential skills: English classes, drivers licence Employer financial support: car & house owner 2017 Skippers Ticket Cat C <9m; Shareholding in new business
- 15. Questions?
Editor's Notes
- Rare and endangered species to be seen at Gansbaai Entire career in tourism, fortunate several trips on marine tourism boats at Gansbaai Awe-inspiring experience whale surfacing next to boat Tourism a priority in macro-economic policy since 1996, shortly after end of Apartheid in 1994. Marine and coastal tourism a focus sector in the Oceans Economy programme. I am also interested in how tourism affects to local people in destinations, and especially who benefits. When the time came to choose a PhD research topic, I brought together my interest in marine tourism and the development of people. My research asks, DOES MWT contribute to better lives for people, and in the case of South Africa, ALL South Africans? Today, I will be speaking about one of the dimensions of development that I have been researching, I.e Tourism Skills Development and Employment Opportunities.
- What is meant by marine wildlife tourism? Definition? Range from watching wild life in captive situations, such as aquariums ------ to watching animals and birds in the wild. The latter is my research interest. Further, I will focus on boat-based MWT. Growth of sector Rapid growth in global south – post colonial and post conflict geographies with high poverty rates and pronounced social inequalities
- Located in Western Cape province 150 km from cape Town, South Africa’s most popular destination for international tourists, and the base for many tourists visiting Gansbaai Close to Southern most tip of Africa at Cape Agulhas MARINE WILDLIFE TOURISM regulated by Department of Environmental Affairs 10 licenced operators – about a third of licenced operators in South Africa; 8/13 shark diving permits
- Rich sea life has long attracted human beings. For the past 70,000 years in fact. The evidence of modern human beings found at Klipgat Cave is of the oldest globally – two other sites also along SA coast. The abundant natural and cultural heritage contrasted by limited economic resources available to the modern day population of Gansbaai Population indicators show that …. By comparison, UAE HDI 0.84 & NZ Gini 0.35 Gansbaai located in relatively affluent province. HOWEVER, several indicators are on par or worse than South African averages As we know, averages gloss over the dynamics within a society.
- Select indicators of development Household income of Ward 1 – means the vast majority of households fall below the poverty line Ward level indicators reflect the deep social inequality so typical of post-Apartheid South Africa. Inequalities the legacy of more than 350 years of racial discrimination under colonialism and Apartheid. Guess everyone in the room will be able to match the stats for Ward 3 to one of the images on the left
- Veronique / Nika – works for Marine Dynamics Trained as a nurse Car accident, back injury meant she could not longer lift patients Employed as kitchen hand at Great White House, provides catering services for Whale Watching and Shark diving businesses Energy and attitude recognised, moved to Front of House, training & mentorship, 1yr later – appointed FOH manager
- Kira – Works for Dyer Island Cruises Moved from Eastern Cape – deeply impoverished area with limited employment opportunities Population group that does not have historical relationship with sea