This document discusses a study exploring civil society organizations (CSOs) that support destitute migrants in the UK. It aims to understand the motivations and circumstances that allow these organizations to flourish or fail. It also seeks to identify who benefits from their services and who does not. The study examines organizations that provide food, housing, and other services to refused asylum seekers, overstayers, and other undocumented or destitute migrants. It outlines the history of immigration and welfare restrictions in the UK and maps out different CSOs and the services they provide, either formally, informally, or through referral networks. Decision making processes are outlined for one organization that has eligibility rules to determine who can access their services

1. Civil Society Organisations
Supporting
Destitute Migrants
Adrian Randall
Funded by:
Hosted by:

2. Exploring the development of CSOs who
support destitute migrants in order to
• Understand the motivation of actors
• Describe the organisations and services
• Analyse the circumstances under which
they may flourish (or fail)
• Identify who benefits (and how) and who
does not
The comparative study may identify key success factors for
sustainability or replication.

3. Destitute Migrants
• Refused Asylum Seekers
• Visa Overstayers / Student Overstayers
• Fiances / spouses without recourse
• Undocumented
• Workless A2 migrants (Romania, Bulgaria)
• Other EU migrants who are not workseekers

4. History of Immigration / Welfare
Restrictions
• 1994 Habitual Residence Test
• 1996 No benefits for asylum seekers
• 1999 Immigration and Asylum Act
• 2002, S55 of Nationality, Immigration and
Asylum Act
• 2004, S9 of Asylum and Immigration Act
• 2012 Changes to family migration rules

5. Discovery and exploration
Top down........
• HOPE Projects
• Restore
• British Red Cross
• Wolverhampton Migrant Centre
• Karis Neighbourhood Scheme
• BIRCH – hosting
• Food banks
• Soup kitchens + Peace House
• Church members + individuals (only hearsay)

6. Service matrix
Statutory Voluntary
Informal
Black church
KARIS = Food parcels members = Informal
NIL Restore = Food parcels Individual hosting
Provision
British Red Cross Welcome groups =
Referral to
= Food parcels hosting/food Intermediate
voluntary and
BIRCH = hosting parcels Service
informal sector
Food banks
Local Whole
Authorities HOPE NIL service
UKBA with rules

7. Rules and decision making
HOPE has 2 rules:
1. Is the person destitute?
2. Is there a prospect of resolving their status?
A limited group of agencies can refer.
These referrers determine and review
“eligibility” at a fortnightly panel.

8. Civil Society Organisations
Supporting
Destitute Migrants
Adrian Randall
Funded by:
Hosted by: