Desmond Tutu was a South African Anglican bishop and theologian born in 1931 in South Africa. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984 for his role in the anti-apartheid movement and advocating for racial reconciliation in South Africa. Throughout his life, Tutu advocated for human rights causes around the world, including founding the Desmond Tutu Peace Center in Cape Town in 2000 and speaking out against the Iraq War. He received both praise and criticism for his activism and views.