This document discusses different approaches to regulating cloud computing networks and services. It analyzes regulating actors versus regulating networks and forms of communication. A key concept is that gatekeepers in cloud networks, like telcos, OS providers and hosts, have a powerful position similar to "West Coast codemakers" of the past. The document questions who the gatekeepers will be in cloud networks and what costs and duties they may extract or have, such as democratic, social or identity costs. It also discusses the potential for gatekeepers to have a quasi-public role or be subject to regulatory accountability and oversight. In the end, the document argues network regulation can be as effective as actor regulation, and is particularly effective for digital networks like cloud computing.

1. Designating Effective Regulation in the Cloud: The Move from Actors to Nodes and Forms of CommunicationCloud Computing: Legal, Organisational and Technological Issues, 23 February 2011

2. Part I: Regulatory Theory

3. Regulating ActorsTraditional Cybernetics TheoryStandard SettingBehavior ModificationMonitoring

4. Regulating Actors: StrategiesAfter Baldwin & Cave

5. Regulating Actors: Neo Institutionalism Source: Lessig

6. Regulating ActionsSource: Murray & Scott

7. Regulating ActionsA Problem for Cybernetics Theory

8. Regulating Networks Decentred Regulation and Nodal Governance

9. Regulating Networks: Network Communitarianism Source: Murray

10. Part II: Cloud Computing and Gatekeepers

11. The Move to the CloudTraditional Data AccessCloud Data Accessvs

12. The Move to the CloudA New Regulatory ComponentThe GatekeeperNot a New Concept

13. Gatekeepers and the CloudGatekeepers and CommunicationGatekeeper FailureGatekeeper CensorshipGatekeepers and Democracy

14. Gatekeepers and Communications RegulationRegulatory Gravity

15. Regulatory GravitySource: Einstein

16. Regulation in the Cloud We already know network regulation can be as effective as actor regulation. Moreover we know that digital network regulation is particularly effective.

17. Regulation in the CloudThe key player is the gatekeeper.

18. Lessig spoke of “West Coast Codemakers”

19. They were gatekeepers

20. Whomsoever is the gatekeeper in the cloud is in a powerful position.