Dental_Formula_in different Mammals.pptx

1. Dental Formula in
Different Mammals
Dr Showkat Ahmad Wani

2. Introduction
Mammals show heterodont
dentition: incisors, canines,
premolars, molars.
Dental formula represents the
number of teeth in half of
upper and lower jaws.
Formula: I C P M / I C P M × 2

3. Types of
Dentition
Homodont: all teeth
similar (rare in mammals).
Heterodont: teeth
differentiated into 4 types.
Thecodont: teeth in
sockets.
Diphyodont: milk and
permanent teeth.

4. Human (Omnivore)
Dental Formula:
2.1.2.3 / 2.1.2.3 × 2 =
32
Generalized
dentition for
omnivorous
diet.

5. Dental Formula of
Milk Teeth
• 2.1. 0. 2/2. 1. 0. 2 = 20
• 2 Incisors (I)
• 1 Canine (C)
• 0 Premolars (P)
• 2 Molars (M)
(in each half of the jaw)

6. Dog (Carnivore)
Dental Formula: 3.1.4.2 / 3.1.4.3 × 2 = 42 Strong canines and
carnassials for tearing
meat.

7. Cat (Carnivore)
Dental Formula: 3.1.3.1 / 3.1.2.1
× 2 = 30
Sharp teeth, reduced
molars, specialized for flesh
diet.

8. Horse (Herbivore)
Dental Formula: 3.1.3.3 / 3.1.3.3 × 2 = 40
Incisors crop grass; large
molars grind cellulose.

9. Cow (Herbivore, Ruminant)
Dental Formula: 0.0.3.3 / 3.1.3.3 × 2 = 32
No upper incisors, dental pad present.
Large molars for grinding cud.

10. Rabbit (Herbivore, Gnawing)
Dental Formula: 2.0.3.3 / 1.0.2.3 × 2 = 28
Two pairs of upper incisors; diastema present.
Adapted for gnawing vegetation.

11. Elephant (Tusk-bearing)
Dental Formula: 1.0.0.3 / 0.0.0.3 × 2 = 26
Incisors form tusks, molars adapted for
grinding.
Horizontal replacement of teeth.

12. Whales
Toothed Whales (Dolphin): 2.0.8.8 / 2.0.8.8 ×
2 ≈ 72 teeth.
Homodont teeth for catching prey.
Baleen Whales: Teeth absent in adults, baleen
plates filter plankton.

13. Comparative Summary Table
Humans: 32
teeth,
omnivorous.
Dogs: 42 teeth,
carnivorous.
Cats: 30 teeth,
carnivorous.
Horse: 40
teeth, grazing
herbivore.
Cow: 32 teeth,
ruminant
herbivore.
Rabbit: 28
teeth, gnawing
herbivore.
Elephant: 26
teeth, tusks +
grinding.
Dolphin: ~96
teeth, toothed
whale.
Baleen Whale:
no teeth, filter-
feeding.

14. Conclusion
Carnivores → sharp canines, carnassials.
Herbivores → large molars, diastema, reduced canines.
Omnivores → generalized dentition.
Specialized feeders (whales, elephants) show unique modifications.
Dental formula reveals diet, ecology, and evolutionary history.

15. Thank you