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Democracies Around the World The United States does not have a monopoly on democracy. Democratic governance is flourishing in other nations around the world. Not all democracies are alike, however. Citizens adapt democratic governance to meet their local needs and conform to their cultural mores. The United Kingdom and the United States are held up as leading examples of democratic governance. Both nations are long established and robust, yet each approaches democratic governance differently. The United Kingdom has a parliamentary government, while the United States has a presidential government. Comparing and contrasting different approaches to democratic governance is an excellent way for you to increase your knowledge of how other governments work and at the same time gain new insights into how you are governed in your own country. To prepare for this Discussion: Review the article “Duration of Party Control in Parliamentary and Presidential Governments: A Study of 65 Democracies, 1950 to 1998” in this week’s Learning Resources. Take note of similarities and differences between parliamentary and presidential governments. Review the article “Economic Development and Democracy” in this week’s Learning Resources. Focus on the comparisons made between development and democracy. Consider how the information in this article might inform a comparison between nations. Peruse the Internet for official government websites of nations around the world. Identify at least two nations, other than your home nation, that have forms of democracy and browse the website for each. Focus on the specific form of democracy that exists in the nations you identified. Consider the similarities and differences between each of the governments and with the United States, paying particular attention to types of governing bodies (i.e., Senate, Parliament, House of Lords) within each government, which bodies are responsible for day-to-day government operations, and which are involved in developing or implementing public policy. Think about similarities and differences between the three countries and then between them and the United States in terms of governance and public policy. With these thoughts in mind: Post by Day 4 a brief description of democracy in the nations you selected. Explain the similarities and differences of democracy in this nation(s) with democracy in the United States in terms of governance and public policy. Alternatively, you may explain the similarities and differences of democracy in 2 of the 3 nations you studied. Also, share at least one insight you gained and/or conclusion you drew based on your comparison. .
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Democracies Around the WorldThe United States does not have a mono.docx
Democracies Around the World
The United States does not have a monopoly on democracy. Democratic governance is flourishing in other nations around the world. Not all democracies are alike, however. Citizens adapt democratic governance to meet their local needs and conform to their cultural mores. The United Kingdom and the United States are held up as leading examples of democratic governance. Both nations are long established and robust, yet each approaches democratic governance differently. The United Kingdom has a parliamentary government, while the United States has a presidential government. Comparing and contrasting different approaches to democratic governance is an excellent way for you to increase your knowledge of how other governments work and at the same time gain new insights into how you are governed in your own country.
To prepare for this Discussion:
Review the article “Duration of Party Control in Parliamentary and Presidential Governments: A Study of 65 Democracies, 1950 to 1998” in this week’s Learning Resources. Take note of similarities and differences between parliamentary and presidential governments.
Review the article “Economic Development and Democracy” in this week’s Learning Resources. Focus on the comparisons made between development and democracy. Consider how the information in this article might inform a comparison between nations.
Peruse the Internet for official government websites of nations around the world. Identify at least two nations, other than your home nation, that have forms of democracy and browse the website for each.
Focus on the specific form of democracy that exists in the nations you identified.
Consider the similarities and differences between each of the governments and with the United States, paying particular attention to types of governing bodies (i.e., Senate, Parliament, House of Lords) within each government, which bodies are responsible for day-to-day government operations, and which are involved in developing or implementing public policy.
Think about similarities and differences between the three countries and then between them and the United States in terms of governance and public policy.
With these thoughts in mind:
Post by Day 4
a brief description of democracy in the nations you selected. Explain the similarities and differences of democracy in this nation(s) with democracy in the United States in terms of governance and public policy. Alternatively, you may explain the similarities and differences of democracy in 2 of the 3 nations you studied. Also, share at least one insight you gained and/or conclusion you drew based on your comparison.
Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the Learning Resources.
.
Overview Chapter 1Political Thinking and Political Culture B.docx
Overview: Chapter 1
Political Thinking and Political Culture: Becoming a Responsible Citizen
Chapter Goals
The chapter addresses the following goals:
· Describe the importance of political thinking in a democracy and the current barriers to political thinking among the public.
· Describe the discipline of political science and how it can contribute to political thinking.
· Explain the nature of politics in the U.S. and how it is a struggle for power among competing groups and interests.
· Discuss America’s cultural ideals of liberty, individualism, equality and self-government and how they have affected some public issues like taxation or social welfare policy.
· Discuss the major rules of American politics: democracy, constitutionalism, and the free market system, and why rules are necessary in politics.
· Explain differing theories of political power, including majoritarianism, pluralism, corporate power, and elitism, and how they may undercut the ideals of democracy in the U.S.
· Discuss the nature of the free market system in the U.S. and how it compares to European and other economic systems.
Focus and Main Points
Contemporary American government is placed in historical perspective in this chapter. The value of political science in examining the development of American politics since the country’s earliest years is examined briefly, and concepts such as power, pluralism, and constitutionalism that are central to the study of government and politics are also assessed. In addition, the value of political thinking and the ability of political science to help develop political thinking are discussed. Several comparisons between the cultural development of political institutions and financial systems of the United States and Europe are made to help illustrate the different forms of government and economic organization.
The main points of this chapter are as follows:
· The development of political thinking is important for functioning democracies, which rely on the informed choices of citizens for the formation of government. There are powerful barriers to political thinking, such as individual unwillingness to develop it, changing patterns of media consumption, and “spin” by political leaders. Political science is a discipline that can help develop political thinking among students and also lead to a fuller understanding of political phenomena.
· Every country has a distinctive political culture, a widely shared and deep-seated belief system. National identity in many countries is taken from the common ancestry and kinship they share. Americans are linked not by a shared ancestry but by the country’s political culture as the foundation of its national identity.
· Politics is the process through which a society settles its conflicts. Those who win, in political conflict, are said to have power, and those leaders that have gained the legitimacy to use that power have authority. The play of politics in the United States takes place in the con.
Chapter 8Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives1. Outline the .docx
Chapter 8
Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives
1. Outline the comparative method.
2. Explore the meaning of the state and its key characteristics.
3. Define democracy, and identify ways in which it is measured.
4. Discuss patterns in postcommunist transitions and state development.
5. Define nationalism, and identify how it can often lead to conflict.
Today’s China is an interesting amalgam of communist ideology and capitalist practice. In 1949, Mao Zedong established the People’s Republic of China with himself as the ruler. Mao’s influence on China can hardly be overstated; under his dictatorial leadership, China underwent significant social, cultural, and economic change. Mao’s “Little Red Book” of communist thought and ideology was, and still is, required reading throughout China. His modernization programs quickly industrialized the country, but the Cultural Revolution decimated professional classes and easily set China back. Following his death, the Communist Party of China instituted a term limit for presidents at two five-year terms in order to limit the type of power Mao had acquired. While Chinese presidents remain quite powerful, perhaps even authoritarian, politicians since Mao have abided by these rules.
However, in March 2018, China’s National People’s Congress agreed to abolish term limits on China’s president, which had been in place since Mao Zedong in order to allow its current president, Xi Jinping, to hold power for many years to come. In addition to his position as president, Xi also holds the positions of general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party’s Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission. While many in the West had hoped that economic reforms in China, allowing for some capitalist practices, would eventually lead the country to a democratic future, Xi’s consolidation of power for the foreseeable time means that nothing like democratic principles appear to be at work. The challenge, then, for political scientists, is to understand the complex politics of a country as large and as complicated as China. With its long historical traditions and blending of communism and capitalism, it is a country that the West often misunderstands.
Comparative politics is the study of countries and politics around the world; comparativists examine the same thing political scientists do in American politics but do it in an international manner. They study institutions, political parties, public opinion, and voting all around the world. Some will compare patterns in one country to patterns in another or study the politics of an entire region. The name comparative politics also applies to another aspect of study: the methodology used. In comparing and contrasting countries, comparativists seek to understand why politics is different or the same around the world.
There are many ways of looking at politics around the world. We can look at different political institutions, the executives, legislatures, and court s ...
Chapter 8Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives1. Outline the .docx
Chapter 8
Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives
1. Outline the comparative method.
2. Explore the meaning of the state and its key characteristics.
3. Define democracy, and identify ways in which it is measured.
4. Discuss patterns in postcommunist transitions and state development.
5. Define nationalism, and identify how it can often lead to conflict.
Today’s China is an interesting amalgam of communist ideology and capitalist practice. In 1949, Mao Zedong established the People’s Republic of China with himself as the ruler. Mao’s influence on China can hardly be overstated; under his dictatorial leadership, China underwent significant social, cultural, and economic change. Mao’s “Little Red Book” of communist thought and ideology was, and still is, required reading throughout China. His modernization programs quickly industrialized the country, but the Cultural Revolution decimated professional classes and easily set China back. Following his death, the Communist Party of China instituted a term limit for presidents at two five-year terms in order to limit the type of power Mao had acquired. While Chinese presidents remain quite powerful, perhaps even authoritarian, politicians since Mao have abided by these rules.
However, in March 2018, China’s National People’s Congress agreed to abolish term limits on China’s president, which had been in place since Mao Zedong in order to allow its current president, Xi Jinping, to hold power for many years to come. In addition to his position as president, Xi also holds the positions of general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party’s Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission. While many in the West had hoped that economic reforms in China, allowing for some capitalist practices, would eventually lead the country to a democratic future, Xi’s consolidation of power for the foreseeable time means that nothing like democratic principles appear to be at work. The challenge, then, for political scientists, is to understand the complex politics of a country as large and as complicated as China. With its long historical traditions and blending of communism and capitalism, it is a country that the West often misunderstands.
Comparative politics is the study of countries and politics around the world; comparativists examine the same thing political scientists do in American politics but do it in an international manner. They study institutions, political parties, public opinion, and voting all around the world. Some will compare patterns in one country to patterns in another or study the politics of an entire region. The name comparative politics also applies to another aspect of study: the methodology used. In comparing and contrasting countries, comparativists seek to understand why politics is different or the same around the world.
There are many ways of looking at politics around the world. We can look at different political institutions, the executives, legislatures, and court s.
Answer the questions that follow in a short paragraph each 3-4 sen.docx
Answer the questions that follow in a short paragraph each 3-4 sentences Be sure to cite materials from the course. For example, if you are referring to an article that has an author, use the following citation format (Author’s Last Name, Year). If the article has no author, you can use the title of the article, or the title I’ve given it, in quotation marks (“Six Characteristics of a Democracy”, n.d.). Note that you use “n.d.” if the article or post has no date/year associated with it.
Discussion Questions:
1. In what ways are the values of individualism and communitarianism, although seemingly in opposition, both critical to a liberal democracy?
2. After reading the article on communitarianism, do you feel you follow the philosophical tradition of liberalism or of communitarianism when it comes to your view of democracy (note: Don’t confuse “liberalism” with “liberal” in American politics – you have to read the article to understand the meaning of liberalism in American political history).
3. In your opinion why did citizens vote in the latest 2018 elections in higher numbers than past mid-term elections? (Please consider your view in light of the trends noted in the FiveThirtyEight article in Week 1 e-resources (Dottle et al., 2018)
4. Why do you think other western societies vote at higher levels than Americans?
Commentary
According to sociologists, Bellah et al. in Habits of the Heart (2007) and social commentator E.J. Dionne (2012) in Our Divided Political Heart, there are two strains in U.S. history and the underlying set of values that are important to us as member of that society – individualism and communitarianism. Both have shaped our values and sense of who we are as Americans.
On the one hand, we are individualistic - intent in meeting our individual needs and pursuing our individual instrumental (material success) and expressive (personal non-material happiness) needs and goals.
On the other hand, we seek community - the sense of belonging to and active in a larger group and fulfilling the needs of the community and its members.
While individualism is more concrete and easier to identify, communitarianism is more abstract (though see the article on communitarianism in the readings, particular what the authors says about views toward political systems ability to achieve a “good life” other than democracy).
Social institutions fulfill social needs that drive both individualistic and communitarian tendencies in American Society.
Sociologists view social institutions (family, government, economic, education, religion, media) as socially created structures or organizational systems that function to satisfy basic social needs by linking the individual to the larger culture.
Today, some might argue that extreme individualism has become dominant. [Another position is that our society is currently dominated by tribalism or a sense of community based on in-group identities (those like "us"), and often at the expense and derogation of.
Recommended
Democracies Around the WorldThe United States does not have a mono.docx
Democracies Around the World
The United States does not have a monopoly on democracy. Democratic governance is flourishing in other nations around the world. Not all democracies are alike, however. Citizens adapt democratic governance to meet their local needs and conform to their cultural mores. The United Kingdom and the United States are held up as leading examples of democratic governance. Both nations are long established and robust, yet each approaches democratic governance differently. The United Kingdom has a parliamentary government, while the United States has a presidential government. Comparing and contrasting different approaches to democratic governance is an excellent way for you to increase your knowledge of how other governments work and at the same time gain new insights into how you are governed in your own country.
To prepare for this Discussion:
Review the article “Duration of Party Control in Parliamentary and Presidential Governments: A Study of 65 Democracies, 1950 to 1998” in this week’s Learning Resources. Take note of similarities and differences between parliamentary and presidential governments.
Review the article “Economic Development and Democracy” in this week’s Learning Resources. Focus on the comparisons made between development and democracy. Consider how the information in this article might inform a comparison between nations.
Peruse the Internet for official government websites of nations around the world. Identify at least two nations, other than your home nation, that have forms of democracy and browse the website for each.
Focus on the specific form of democracy that exists in the nations you identified.
Consider the similarities and differences between each of the governments and with the United States, paying particular attention to types of governing bodies (i.e., Senate, Parliament, House of Lords) within each government, which bodies are responsible for day-to-day government operations, and which are involved in developing or implementing public policy.
Think about similarities and differences between the three countries and then between them and the United States in terms of governance and public policy.
With these thoughts in mind:
Post by Day 4
a brief description of democracy in the nations you selected. Explain the similarities and differences of democracy in this nation(s) with democracy in the United States in terms of governance and public policy. Alternatively, you may explain the similarities and differences of democracy in 2 of the 3 nations you studied. Also, share at least one insight you gained and/or conclusion you drew based on your comparison.
Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the Learning Resources.
.
Overview Chapter 1Political Thinking and Political Culture B.docx
Overview: Chapter 1
Political Thinking and Political Culture: Becoming a Responsible Citizen
Chapter Goals
The chapter addresses the following goals:
· Describe the importance of political thinking in a democracy and the current barriers to political thinking among the public.
· Describe the discipline of political science and how it can contribute to political thinking.
· Explain the nature of politics in the U.S. and how it is a struggle for power among competing groups and interests.
· Discuss America’s cultural ideals of liberty, individualism, equality and self-government and how they have affected some public issues like taxation or social welfare policy.
· Discuss the major rules of American politics: democracy, constitutionalism, and the free market system, and why rules are necessary in politics.
· Explain differing theories of political power, including majoritarianism, pluralism, corporate power, and elitism, and how they may undercut the ideals of democracy in the U.S.
· Discuss the nature of the free market system in the U.S. and how it compares to European and other economic systems.
Focus and Main Points
Contemporary American government is placed in historical perspective in this chapter. The value of political science in examining the development of American politics since the country’s earliest years is examined briefly, and concepts such as power, pluralism, and constitutionalism that are central to the study of government and politics are also assessed. In addition, the value of political thinking and the ability of political science to help develop political thinking are discussed. Several comparisons between the cultural development of political institutions and financial systems of the United States and Europe are made to help illustrate the different forms of government and economic organization.
The main points of this chapter are as follows:
· The development of political thinking is important for functioning democracies, which rely on the informed choices of citizens for the formation of government. There are powerful barriers to political thinking, such as individual unwillingness to develop it, changing patterns of media consumption, and “spin” by political leaders. Political science is a discipline that can help develop political thinking among students and also lead to a fuller understanding of political phenomena.
· Every country has a distinctive political culture, a widely shared and deep-seated belief system. National identity in many countries is taken from the common ancestry and kinship they share. Americans are linked not by a shared ancestry but by the country’s political culture as the foundation of its national identity.
· Politics is the process through which a society settles its conflicts. Those who win, in political conflict, are said to have power, and those leaders that have gained the legitimacy to use that power have authority. The play of politics in the United States takes place in the con.
Chapter 8Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives1. Outline the .docx
Chapter 8
Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives
1. Outline the comparative method.
2. Explore the meaning of the state and its key characteristics.
3. Define democracy, and identify ways in which it is measured.
4. Discuss patterns in postcommunist transitions and state development.
5. Define nationalism, and identify how it can often lead to conflict.
Today’s China is an interesting amalgam of communist ideology and capitalist practice. In 1949, Mao Zedong established the People’s Republic of China with himself as the ruler. Mao’s influence on China can hardly be overstated; under his dictatorial leadership, China underwent significant social, cultural, and economic change. Mao’s “Little Red Book” of communist thought and ideology was, and still is, required reading throughout China. His modernization programs quickly industrialized the country, but the Cultural Revolution decimated professional classes and easily set China back. Following his death, the Communist Party of China instituted a term limit for presidents at two five-year terms in order to limit the type of power Mao had acquired. While Chinese presidents remain quite powerful, perhaps even authoritarian, politicians since Mao have abided by these rules.
However, in March 2018, China’s National People’s Congress agreed to abolish term limits on China’s president, which had been in place since Mao Zedong in order to allow its current president, Xi Jinping, to hold power for many years to come. In addition to his position as president, Xi also holds the positions of general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party’s Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission. While many in the West had hoped that economic reforms in China, allowing for some capitalist practices, would eventually lead the country to a democratic future, Xi’s consolidation of power for the foreseeable time means that nothing like democratic principles appear to be at work. The challenge, then, for political scientists, is to understand the complex politics of a country as large and as complicated as China. With its long historical traditions and blending of communism and capitalism, it is a country that the West often misunderstands.
Comparative politics is the study of countries and politics around the world; comparativists examine the same thing political scientists do in American politics but do it in an international manner. They study institutions, political parties, public opinion, and voting all around the world. Some will compare patterns in one country to patterns in another or study the politics of an entire region. The name comparative politics also applies to another aspect of study: the methodology used. In comparing and contrasting countries, comparativists seek to understand why politics is different or the same around the world.
There are many ways of looking at politics around the world. We can look at different political institutions, the executives, legislatures, and court s ...
Chapter 8Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives1. Outline the .docx
Chapter 8
Comparative PoliticsChapter Objectives
1. Outline the comparative method.
2. Explore the meaning of the state and its key characteristics.
3. Define democracy, and identify ways in which it is measured.
4. Discuss patterns in postcommunist transitions and state development.
5. Define nationalism, and identify how it can often lead to conflict.
Today’s China is an interesting amalgam of communist ideology and capitalist practice. In 1949, Mao Zedong established the People’s Republic of China with himself as the ruler. Mao’s influence on China can hardly be overstated; under his dictatorial leadership, China underwent significant social, cultural, and economic change. Mao’s “Little Red Book” of communist thought and ideology was, and still is, required reading throughout China. His modernization programs quickly industrialized the country, but the Cultural Revolution decimated professional classes and easily set China back. Following his death, the Communist Party of China instituted a term limit for presidents at two five-year terms in order to limit the type of power Mao had acquired. While Chinese presidents remain quite powerful, perhaps even authoritarian, politicians since Mao have abided by these rules.
However, in March 2018, China’s National People’s Congress agreed to abolish term limits on China’s president, which had been in place since Mao Zedong in order to allow its current president, Xi Jinping, to hold power for many years to come. In addition to his position as president, Xi also holds the positions of general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party’s Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission. While many in the West had hoped that economic reforms in China, allowing for some capitalist practices, would eventually lead the country to a democratic future, Xi’s consolidation of power for the foreseeable time means that nothing like democratic principles appear to be at work. The challenge, then, for political scientists, is to understand the complex politics of a country as large and as complicated as China. With its long historical traditions and blending of communism and capitalism, it is a country that the West often misunderstands.
Comparative politics is the study of countries and politics around the world; comparativists examine the same thing political scientists do in American politics but do it in an international manner. They study institutions, political parties, public opinion, and voting all around the world. Some will compare patterns in one country to patterns in another or study the politics of an entire region. The name comparative politics also applies to another aspect of study: the methodology used. In comparing and contrasting countries, comparativists seek to understand why politics is different or the same around the world.
There are many ways of looking at politics around the world. We can look at different political institutions, the executives, legislatures, and court s.
Answer the questions that follow in a short paragraph each 3-4 sen.docx
Answer the questions that follow in a short paragraph each 3-4 sentences Be sure to cite materials from the course. For example, if you are referring to an article that has an author, use the following citation format (Author’s Last Name, Year). If the article has no author, you can use the title of the article, or the title I’ve given it, in quotation marks (“Six Characteristics of a Democracy”, n.d.). Note that you use “n.d.” if the article or post has no date/year associated with it.
Discussion Questions:
1. In what ways are the values of individualism and communitarianism, although seemingly in opposition, both critical to a liberal democracy?
2. After reading the article on communitarianism, do you feel you follow the philosophical tradition of liberalism or of communitarianism when it comes to your view of democracy (note: Don’t confuse “liberalism” with “liberal” in American politics – you have to read the article to understand the meaning of liberalism in American political history).
3. In your opinion why did citizens vote in the latest 2018 elections in higher numbers than past mid-term elections? (Please consider your view in light of the trends noted in the FiveThirtyEight article in Week 1 e-resources (Dottle et al., 2018)
4. Why do you think other western societies vote at higher levels than Americans?
Commentary
According to sociologists, Bellah et al. in Habits of the Heart (2007) and social commentator E.J. Dionne (2012) in Our Divided Political Heart, there are two strains in U.S. history and the underlying set of values that are important to us as member of that society – individualism and communitarianism. Both have shaped our values and sense of who we are as Americans.
On the one hand, we are individualistic - intent in meeting our individual needs and pursuing our individual instrumental (material success) and expressive (personal non-material happiness) needs and goals.
On the other hand, we seek community - the sense of belonging to and active in a larger group and fulfilling the needs of the community and its members.
While individualism is more concrete and easier to identify, communitarianism is more abstract (though see the article on communitarianism in the readings, particular what the authors says about views toward political systems ability to achieve a “good life” other than democracy).
Social institutions fulfill social needs that drive both individualistic and communitarian tendencies in American Society.
Sociologists view social institutions (family, government, economic, education, religion, media) as socially created structures or organizational systems that function to satisfy basic social needs by linking the individual to the larger culture.
Today, some might argue that extreme individualism has become dominant. [Another position is that our society is currently dominated by tribalism or a sense of community based on in-group identities (those like "us"), and often at the expense and derogation of.
What is political and economic system doc 2.docx
Political and economic systems
are closely intertwined, as they influence and shape each other. The political system establishes the legal and regulatory framework that governs economic
activities, while the economic system, in turn, affects the distribution of wealth and power within a society. The relationship between these systems can vary
significantly across different countries and regions, reflecting the unique historical, cultural, and socio-political contexts.
Some common types of political and economic systems include:
Democracy and Capitalism: This system combines democratic political institutions, where citizens have political rights and participate in decision making, with a capitalist economic system characterized by private ownership of resources and free market competition.
Authoritarianism and State Capitalism: In this system, political power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or a single party, while the government exerts significant control over the economy, including state ownership of key industries and strategic economic planning.
Socialism: Socialism aims to create an egalitarian society by advocating for collective ownership and control of resources, with the state playing a prominent role in economic planning and redistribution of wealth.
SOURCES THAT ARE INCLUDED MUST BE USED, NO OUTSIDE SOURCES!A. .docx
SOURCES THAT ARE INCLUDED MUST BE USED, NO OUTSIDE SOURCES!
A. Justification
At the time of their founding, Latin American countries drew inspiration from
the United States and its system of government based on democratically elected
presidents subject to checks and balances from independent and co-equal branches of
government. Yet democracy proved to be little more than an aspiration during most
of the region’s independent history with countries fluctuating repeatedly, often in
quick succession, from popularly elected leaders to dictatorships. Democracy failed to
take root in even the wealthiest and most industrialized countries in the region as
exemplified by repressive military dictatorships that ruled the Southern Cone during
the 1970s.
However, starting in the late 1970s and gathering momentum during the
1980s, Latin American dictatorships were replaced by popularly elected
governments. This time really did prove different. Despite setbacks and persistent
(and often well-justified) concerns about tangible results of democracy (its
deliverables), today all but two Latin American countries qualify as functioning (if
somewhat flawed) democracies.
Democracy is, for now, to quote Linz and Stepan (1996, 15), “the only game in
town” in Latin America. With that problem resolved, social scientists have turned
their attention to a new problem: the quality of said democracies:
How far are today’s democratically elected governments from what was
promised to the electorate prior to transition?
Specifically, what are the main strengths and weaknesses of each of the
region’s democracies?
You will tackle these questions by conducting an audit of the quality of
democracy in a Latin American country of your choosing. This assignment combined
with class lectures on the larger political trends in the region’s recent history, will
provide you with a more detailed and nuanced picture of Latin American Politics.
B. Assignment
1) You are to research and write a policy memo evaluating the state of democracy Argentina. The memo should
be about 2,500 words or 10 pages long (double-spaced).
2) Begin by understanding the concept of democratic quality and the ways in which
it can assessed. Quality of democracy in the country you select should be assessed
following the framework developed by Levine and Molina (2011). Said framework
evaluates the quality of a country’s democracy based on five criteria:
1) Electoral Decision; 2) Participation; 3) Responsiveness; 4.) Accountability;
and 5) Sovereignty.
Read:
o Daniel M. Levine, and Jose Molina, editors. 2011. The Quality of
Democracy in Latin America. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers,
Chapters 1.
3) Get acquainted with the history of and the main political issues in your country.
For that, you are required to read your country’s chapter in:
Skidmore, Thomas E., Peter H. Smith, and James N. Green. 2010. Modern
Latin America, 7th Edition. New York: Oxford Unive.
Describe how an attacker could use a sniffer in conjunction with a T.docx
Describe how an attacker could use a sniffer in conjunction with a Trojan to successfully gain access to sensitive data.
The initial post should be a minimum of 250 words.
Use of significant detail (utilizing textbook, web, etc. for sources) and appropriate grammar.
Also, remember to include (if applicable) supporting references in APA format and citations from those references within the body of your discussions, properly formatted using APA style.
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Describe a specific workplace conflict situation involving the compe.docx
Describe a specific workplace conflict situation involving the competitive approach to negotiation. Explain how one of the collaborative communication techniques (expanding the pie, nonspecific compensation, cost cutting or bridging) could be used to to transform the conflict. How does collaborative negotiation correlate with conflict resolution?
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Describe common biases in decision making.Explain the roles of emo.docx
Describe common biases in decision making.
Explain the roles of emotion and fairness in decision making.
Interpret reflective and expedient decision making.
Apply the standard of APA style to all research and writing tasks.
Apply critical thinking skills to analyze business situations.
Appropriately use effective communication techniques.
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Describe an example of a television program that you believe clearly.docx
Describe an example of a television program that you believe clearly displays social deviance, and explain why you specifically selected it.
In this television program, how are people “labeled” as socially deviating from the expected social norms, and who does this labeling?
Analyze the deviance, using terms such as primary deviance, secondary deviance, retrospective labeling, and stigma.
Apply Durkheim’s four functions of deviance to the deviant actions in the television program. What purpose(s) does the deviance play?
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Describe Abell’s three-dimensional business-definition model and exp.docx
Describe Abell’s three-dimensional business-definition model and explain where it can be utilized. Then, consider Reader’s Digest Association, publisher of Reader’s Digest, the largest circulation magazine in the world in 1992. As famous and as popular as its magazine and brand were at the time, the real value to the company was the huge database of subscribers that it had (around 50 million readers). It has used that database to sell various products such as condensed books and other publications, videos, CDs, and so on. Using Abell’s model, explain what other products it could send down this distribution channel which would be amenable to mail order and that would appeal to its subscriber base.
In addition to the text, you must use at least one scholarly source. Your paper must be two to three pages in length (excluding a cover page and reference page) and formatted according to APA style guidelines
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Describe an example of a contract that you or someone you know enter.docx
Describe an example of a contract that you or someone you know entered into (e.g., rental agreement, cell phone agreement, property purchase or lease [e.g., car, home, furniture, etc.], home or car repair, or student loan agreement). In your description, be sure to provide specific contractual details including parties and subject matter involved. You must also address the following:
Define the five essential elements of an enforceable contract, and demonstrate how each element relates to your example.
Explain the circumstances of a breach of contract in your example, and discuss possible remedies.
Your paper must be three to four pages
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Denial & Deception – Week 7Select one of the ‘Questions to Pon.docx
Denial & Deception – Week 7
Select
one
of the ‘Questions to Ponder’ as your topic for this week's Forum posting. Original post must be 250+ words. Student responses must be 150+ words.
Questions to Ponder
Who are the world's leading practitioners of Denial and Deception? How have they developed, or acquired their capabilities? Do they share their capabilities, and if so, with whom?
What is the influence of the twenty-four hour news cycle and the internet in Denial and Deception?
What role are private companies playing in Denial and Deception proliferation and sophistication?
What does the future hold for Denial and Deception operations?
Student Response #1 – Harshul
Who are the world's leading practitioners of Denial and Deception; How have they developed, or acquired their capabilities; Do they share their capabilities, and if so, with whom;
China and Iran are the world's leading practitioners of Denial and Deception. In true Cold War fashion the PRC continues to mislead the international community about its arms build up and its geo-strategic goals in the Far East and South East Asia. Tactically, through the use of conventional forms of deception and “...electronic decoys, infrared decoys, false-target generators and angle reflectors” (Gertz 2008, np) during operations and testing procedures the Chinese have prevented others from gaining insight into their capabilities and intentions. Strategically, as it grows stronger the PRC aims to use all available means to settle territory related disputes with Vietnam, Philippines, Taiwan and Japan. Along with their own ingenuity and skill the most important sources for technological tools of deception and denial have come from business transactions with Russia and outright theft from the United States. It has also acquired American technology through our allies such as Israel. China has shared its capabilities with Pakistan, Iran, Syria and North Korea.
Iran has certainly practices both functions in order to hide the progress or lack there of concerning its nuclear ambitions. It has also practiced deception in order to intimidate its neighbors and the United States. In 2006 the Iranians had released a video of an allegedly successful missile test to showcase their military capability but after careful analysis “...U.S. intelligence officers analyzed the plume of smoke from the missile and determined it matched a video of an earlier Chinese test” (Barnes 2006, np). The Iranians have developed much of their capabilities with help from China and North Korea and have shred their capabilities with their allies in the region, mainly Syria and Lebanon.
References
1. Gertz, Bill. 2008. Denial and Deception. Inside the Ring. The Washington Times, March 28, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/mar/28/inside-the-ring-60000234/?page=all (accessed October 24, 2014)
2. Barnes, Julian, E. 2006. Video of Iranian Missile Test Is Fake, Pentagon Says. Los Angeles Times, September 10, http://art.
Denial-of-service attacks are a common method to bring down an organ.docx
Denial-of-service attacks are a common method to bring down an organization's Web server/site.
Research and discuss the methods that can be taken to defend against such server-side attacks.
Discuss the role that firewalls and router access lists can play in defending against such attacks.
The increase in spyware and viruses from popular social media sites have been on the rise over the past several years.
Research and discuss what can be done from the client side to secure one's personal information when surfing the Web and transferring data online.
Discuss the role that hardware and software can play in securing your data and personal information.
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Demonstration of core knowledgeThe following section demonstrate.docx
Demonstration of core knowledge
The following section demonstrates the core knowledge that I am qualified to graduate from Mechanical Engineering graduate program.
This section will focus on two different fields:
· Material properties and Selection
· Simulation of processes
In Material properties and Selection field, the main concept is to identify the different properties of material to meet the requirement of the design. This is the early step for mechanical engineer to select the material for manufacturing products, which means by obtaining this knowledge I am capable of implementing what I learn to help designing a product for a company. For example, the core knowledge that I obtained in one of my graduate classes can demonstrate this field. The final project of the class, shown in Fig 1., is the standard procedure of early design that will be used for manufacturing industries. The result of the project shows that I am capable of using the trade-off plot which include several factors density, Young’s modulus, yield strength, and cost to identify the material that meet constrains and objectives of the design. Moreover, understanding the definition of each material property and the corresponding limitation. Such as density will affect the mass and volume and yield strength indicates the limit if elastic behavior are the basic and also the requirement of being a master student of mechanical engineering.
Fig. 1 Material Selection Trade-off Plot
For the second field, Simulation of processes, before any complex or costly manufacturing process. It is indispensable to run the simulation before the actual process. Not only the error can be predicted in the result of the simulation but the overall result of the end product. For example, the casting process for an impeller, a rotor with blades used to increase the pressure and/or flow of a fluid, is challenging and also easy to fail. However, with the help of simulating the process, shown in Fig. 2 &3, the failure of the casting process is able to be predicted by identifying the location of maximum principle, which the growth of the crack will occur in direction perpendicular to, and maximum normal stress, which the failure will occur, to improve the actual casting process and prevent the failure of a process.
Fig. 2 Identidy the maximum principle stressFig. 3 Identify the maximun normal stress
Both two fields listed above, Material properties and Selection and Simulation of processes,
demonstrate the essential core knowledge that I obtained while studying master of mechanical engineering. The first enable me to determine which material is the most suitable for the product, which allow me to work as a design engineer. The latter help me simulate the manufacturing process which can also help me with my future to work as a process engineer.
1
A Guide for Writing a Technical Research Paper
Libby Shoop
Macalester College, Mathematics and Computer Science Department
1 Introduction
.
Describe at least five ways IT has helped change HR. What are the .docx
Describe at least five ways IT has helped change HR.
What are the major differences between today's HR departments and previous personnel departments because of IT/IS interaction?
What are the disadvantages to moving to a HRIS?
This paper should be 3 pages of complete content (cover page and reference page are separate) and have in-text citations. The paper will be in APA style (both in formatting the paper and reference page). One scholarly article as a minimum should be included in the paper.
.
Dental offices, which most people consider environmentally benign .docx
Dental offices, which most people consider environmentally benign and which usually are not regulated under POTW pretreatment programs, are increasingly coming under scrutiny. Why? What contaminants or practices are of concern?
Please include the name of the person or question to which you are replying in the subject line. For example
Question 1
1.
The cost of acquiring resources has been rising at almost _______________.
Answer
[removed]
Maximum consumption rate
[removed]
Minimum ecosystem capacity
[removed]
Carrying capacity
[removed]
Resource capacity
4 points
Question 11
1.
Contrast sustainability in the United States vs. sustainability in third world countries. What aspects of successful “sustainable developments” that have been accomplished in the U.S. can be transferred or implemented in a third world country? Be specific and provide some examples in your response.
Answer
12
1.
Summarize the framework involved concerning sustainability. Provide an example of a third world country that implemented a sustainable development project that has achieved some success. (Example: Dr. Wangari Maathat of Kenya founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977 in her native Kenya. In 2004 she received the Nobel Peace Prize for her work – the first time that the award was given for an environmental action).
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Week 2 Ethical Dilemma Worksheet Law Enforcement
Short assignment for Guardiantutor
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two separate papers - one due Thursday - one due July 8
Common Goals
criminology assignment case study
DeVry Chicago ACCT 434 Week 7 Quality Control Inventory Management MCQs
The National Center for Education Statistics reported that mean number of instructional computers
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Deliverable Length 500-750 wordsOutline the major theories of .docx
Deliverable Length:
500-750 words
Outline the major theories of organizations
Describe the techniques of managing change
Organizations, like all cultures, must continue to evolve or they stagnate and eventually become obsolete. Using change management tools can help an organization to stay vibrant and evolve over time to remain competitive. Research change management models, and address the following:
Describe 2–3 change management models.
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Deliverable Length:
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As an appendix in the final draft of your key assignment document, write a letter to employees from senior leaders explaining the importance of the implementation of a code of conduct, the company’s vision, mission statement, and the importance of good ethical principles for the success of the firm.
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Political and economic systems
are closely intertwined, as they influence and shape each other. The political system establishes the legal and regulatory framework that governs economic
activities, while the economic system, in turn, affects the distribution of wealth and power within a society. The relationship between these systems can vary
significantly across different countries and regions, reflecting the unique historical, cultural, and socio-political contexts.
Some common types of political and economic systems include:
Democracy and Capitalism: This system combines democratic political institutions, where citizens have political rights and participate in decision making, with a capitalist economic system characterized by private ownership of resources and free market competition.
Authoritarianism and State Capitalism: In this system, political power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or a single party, while the government exerts significant control over the economy, including state ownership of key industries and strategic economic planning.
Socialism: Socialism aims to create an egalitarian society by advocating for collective ownership and control of resources, with the state playing a prominent role in economic planning and redistribution of wealth.
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SOURCES THAT ARE INCLUDED MUST BE USED, NO OUTSIDE SOURCES!
A. Justification
At the time of their founding, Latin American countries drew inspiration from
the United States and its system of government based on democratically elected
presidents subject to checks and balances from independent and co-equal branches of
government. Yet democracy proved to be little more than an aspiration during most
of the region’s independent history with countries fluctuating repeatedly, often in
quick succession, from popularly elected leaders to dictatorships. Democracy failed to
take root in even the wealthiest and most industrialized countries in the region as
exemplified by repressive military dictatorships that ruled the Southern Cone during
the 1970s.
However, starting in the late 1970s and gathering momentum during the
1980s, Latin American dictatorships were replaced by popularly elected
governments. This time really did prove different. Despite setbacks and persistent
(and often well-justified) concerns about tangible results of democracy (its
deliverables), today all but two Latin American countries qualify as functioning (if
somewhat flawed) democracies.
Democracy is, for now, to quote Linz and Stepan (1996, 15), “the only game in
town” in Latin America. With that problem resolved, social scientists have turned
their attention to a new problem: the quality of said democracies:
How far are today’s democratically elected governments from what was
promised to the electorate prior to transition?
Specifically, what are the main strengths and weaknesses of each of the
region’s democracies?
You will tackle these questions by conducting an audit of the quality of
democracy in a Latin American country of your choosing. This assignment combined
with class lectures on the larger political trends in the region’s recent history, will
provide you with a more detailed and nuanced picture of Latin American Politics.
B. Assignment
1) You are to research and write a policy memo evaluating the state of democracy Argentina. The memo should
be about 2,500 words or 10 pages long (double-spaced).
2) Begin by understanding the concept of democratic quality and the ways in which
it can assessed. Quality of democracy in the country you select should be assessed
following the framework developed by Levine and Molina (2011). Said framework
evaluates the quality of a country’s democracy based on five criteria:
1) Electoral Decision; 2) Participation; 3) Responsiveness; 4.) Accountability;
and 5) Sovereignty.
Read:
o Daniel M. Levine, and Jose Molina, editors. 2011. The Quality of
Democracy in Latin America. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers,
Chapters 1.
3) Get acquainted with the history of and the main political issues in your country.
For that, you are required to read your country’s chapter in:
Skidmore, Thomas E., Peter H. Smith, and James N. Green. 2010. Modern
Latin America, 7th Edition. New York: Oxford Unive.
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Select
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Questions to Ponder
Who are the world's leading practitioners of Denial and Deception? How have they developed, or acquired their capabilities? Do they share their capabilities, and if so, with whom?
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Student Response #1 – Harshul
Who are the world's leading practitioners of Denial and Deception; How have they developed, or acquired their capabilities; Do they share their capabilities, and if so, with whom;
China and Iran are the world's leading practitioners of Denial and Deception. In true Cold War fashion the PRC continues to mislead the international community about its arms build up and its geo-strategic goals in the Far East and South East Asia. Tactically, through the use of conventional forms of deception and “...electronic decoys, infrared decoys, false-target generators and angle reflectors” (Gertz 2008, np) during operations and testing procedures the Chinese have prevented others from gaining insight into their capabilities and intentions. Strategically, as it grows stronger the PRC aims to use all available means to settle territory related disputes with Vietnam, Philippines, Taiwan and Japan. Along with their own ingenuity and skill the most important sources for technological tools of deception and denial have come from business transactions with Russia and outright theft from the United States. It has also acquired American technology through our allies such as Israel. China has shared its capabilities with Pakistan, Iran, Syria and North Korea.
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1. Gertz, Bill. 2008. Denial and Deception. Inside the Ring. The Washington Times, March 28, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/mar/28/inside-the-ring-60000234/?page=all (accessed October 24, 2014)
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Demonstration of core knowledge
The following section demonstrates the core knowledge that I am qualified to graduate from Mechanical Engineering graduate program.
This section will focus on two different fields:
· Material properties and Selection
· Simulation of processes
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Fig. 1 Material Selection Trade-off Plot
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Fig. 2 Identidy the maximum principle stressFig. 3 Identify the maximun normal stress
Both two fields listed above, Material properties and Selection and Simulation of processes,
demonstrate the essential core knowledge that I obtained while studying master of mechanical engineering. The first enable me to determine which material is the most suitable for the product, which allow me to work as a design engineer. The latter help me simulate the manufacturing process which can also help me with my future to work as a process engineer.
1
A Guide for Writing a Technical Research Paper
Libby Shoop
Macalester College, Mathematics and Computer Science Department
1 Introduction
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Company: Staples, Inc. (ticker symbol SPLS)
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2-4 pages
Consider the facts of the following case when answering the questions below:
Dale and Mike Parak were twin brothers and best friends. They spent their entire lives looking out for each other's interests. While growing up, the two were inseparable. They played sports together, double-dated frequently, and attended the same university. They grew closer as they aged, they got married at about the same time, and eventually, both were divorced. After they retired from their jobs, they decided to live together to save money, and they still enjoyed each other's company.
When he was 70 years old, Mike was diagnosed with cancer. Doctors predicted that he had about 6 months to live. The brothers agreed that Mike should not suffer. Mike and Dale wrote and signed a note stating that they decided to commit suicide. Dale broke 20 tranquilizers into Mike's evening meal and watched as he ate it. Yet, when Dale checked on Mike one hour later, Mike was still alive. Dale panicked. He took a .38-caliber revolver from his desk and shot Mike, killing him instantly. Dale then went into the kitchen and took a handful of tranquilizers. He did not die. He awoke the next morning as somebody pounded on the front door. It was a neighbor who, seeing that Dale was dazed and confused, decided to call an ambulance and the police.
The responding police officer conducted an investigation, and Dale was arrested and charged with the premeditated, 1st-degree murder of Mike. The prosecutor, although noting it to be a difficult case, pursued the case because she thought that no citizen had the right to decide when someone should die. Dale Parak pled guilty to 1st-degree manslaughter and was sentenced to 5 years in a maximum-security prison. (
Note:
This was the lowest sentence that could be given to a defendant convicted of his crime.)
What is your personal definition of “justice”? What is the formal definition of “justice”? Do you believe that “justice” was served in this scenario?
What is the state definition of the charge that you would file as the prosecutor against Dale? Did Dale commit each of the components and elements of the crime? The elements for 1st-degree, premeditated murder are 1) the unlawful killing; 2) with malice aforethought; 3) of another human being. Explain how each element was or was not committed.
According to the definition of justice you provided, was this sentence just? Why or why not?
If you were the prosecutor in this case, would you have charged Dale Parak with any crime? With 1st-degree murder? Why?
If you were the judge in this case, how would you have sentenced Dale Parak? Why?
Please make sure that you provide academic or real-life samples in criminal justice to support your opinions.
NO PLAGIARISM!!!!!! ASSIGNMENT MUST BE DONE IN APA FORMAT. CITE ALL SOURCES AND REFERENCES IN APA FORMAT AS WELL...
.
Deliverable Length 5 slides (body of presentation), with in-depth .docx
Deliverable Length: 5 slides (body of presentation), with in-depth speaker notes
As your organization considers international expansion, one important decision it faces is how to modify its organization structure to accommodate internationalization. You have been asked to research different organization models used by other multinational corporations (MNCs) and prepare a short presentation based on your findings.
Your presentation should include the following:
A list and brief description of at least 4 different organization structures used by MNCs
A more detailed explanation and comparison of 2 of the structures
Effective use of at least 1 table, chart, or other visual representation of information
Description of a real world example of an MNC that uses one of the models you researched
How does this organization coordinate and transfer useful knowledge across borders?
Why does the organization structure chosen make sense for this particular firm and/or industry?
.
Deliverable Length800–1,000 words, including a completed table.docx
Deliverable Length:
800–1,000 words, including a completed table
Details:
Weekly tasks or assignments (Individual or Group Projects) will be due
by
Monday and late submissions will be assigned a late penalty in accordance with the late penalty policy found in the syllabus. NOTE: All submission posting times are based on midnight Central Time.
As an owner of a visible business that is valued in the community, you are making a final decision regarding the international aspects of a business decision, and you decide to set up a table with the risks and weigh their relative importance against the rate of return you foresee. You also need to put a plan in place to overcome it. Two main considerations are central to the decision:
Would the government encourage a decision to expand?
How would it affect the reputation of the business?
Your assignment is to fill in the table and then provide a brief summary of your decision, highlighting the two above considerations. The following are instructions for completing the table:
Choose an industry with which you are familiar or have an interest.
For each risk type listed in the table, indicate with an
X
in the appropriate column whether the risk will affect them as an importer or an exporter.
Also, make an assumption of what type of business (large, medium, or small) you will be using for each risk type by marking L, M, or S in the column.
Using these factors, provide a brief answer on how to overcome the risk for the industry and the business.
Risk
Importer
Exporter
L/M/S
How to Overcome It
Economic conditions
Fluctuations in industry
Competition
Technological change
Change in preferences
Costs and expenses
Regulations
Expropriation
Interest rates
Government monetary policy
Government fiscal policy
Internal and external wars
Difference in culture and religion
Ownership of factories and property
Human resource restrictions
Intellectual property
Discrimination
Red tape and corruption
Blockage of funds or capital accounts
Change in government
.
Deliverable Length 1-2 pagesSociologists cite the weakening .docx
Deliverable Length:
1-2 pages
Sociologists cite the weakening of the family as one of the causes for some of the problems that American society faces today. Do you agree? In your paper, include the following information:
Identify important or significant changes in families since 1960. What factors are responsible for this change?
On the balance, are families becoming weaker or simply different in society? What evidence can you cite?
If you agree that the family has become weaker in American society, what proposals do you have to strengthen the family?
If you disagree and believe that the family has become stronger in American culture in recent decades, please explain why.
PART 2
Deliverable Length: 3
-5 paragraphs
Answer the following questions regarding social change:
How do you think life in the United States will change in the next 10 years?
How might technology be involved or effect social change in American culture?
How do you think sociologists might use the Internet to study culture and social change in the United States?
NO PLAGIARISM!!!!!!! PLACE BOTH PARTS ON SEPERATE DOCS AND PLEASE BE SURE TO LIST ALL REFERENCES AND RESOURCES IN APA FORMAT
.
Deliverable LengthWord count will varyDetailsWeekly tasks or.docx
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Word count will vary
Details:
Weekly tasks or assignments (Individual or Group Projects) will be due by Monday and late submissions will be assigned a late penalty in accordance with the late penalty policy found in the syllabus. NOTE: All submission posting times are based on midnight Central Time.
Formulate a strategic plan as follows:
Conduct a Political, Economic, Social, and Technological (PEST) analysis.
Conduct an environmental analysis.
List and describe the 6-step sequential process of strategic planning.
Objective:
To learn how to develop an integrated and comprehensive approach to the analysis and design of a new business venture.
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