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![ Medical condition or health condition
A medical condition or health condition is a broad concept that includes all
diseases, lesions, disorders, or nonpathologic condition that normally receives
medical treatment, such as pregnancy or childbirth. While the term medical
condition generally includes mental illnesses, in some contexts the term is used
specifically to denote any illness, injury, or disease except for mental illnesses
Morbidity
Morbidity (from Latin morbidus 'sick, unhealthy') is a diseased state, disability, or
poor health due to any cause.[16] The term may refer to the existence of any
form of disease, or to the degree that the health condition affects the patient.
Among severely ill patients, the level of morbidity is often measured by ICU
scoring systems. Comorbidity, or co-existing disease, is the simultaneous presence
of two or more medical conditions, such as schizophrenia and substance abuse.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/definations-251004032535-2994381b/75/Definations-pptx-nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn-12-2048.jpg)
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- 1.
- 2. Pathology isthe study of the causes and effects of disease or injury Subdivisions Anatomical pathology Clinical pathology Dermatopathology Forensic pathology Hematopathology Histopathology Molecular pathology Surgical pathology
- 3. Pathophysiology Pathology isthe medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas physiology is the biological discipline that describes processes or mechanisms operating within an organism. Pathology describes the abnormal or undesired condition, whereas pathophysiology seeks to explain the functional changes that are occurring within an individual due to a disease or pathologic state.
- 4. Disease A diseaseis a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury. Diseases are often known to be medical conditions that are associated with specific signs and symptoms In humans, disease is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person affected, or similar problems for those in contact with the person
- 5. Acquired disease Anacquired disease is one that began at some point during one's lifetime, as opposed to disease that was already present at birth, which is congenital disease. Acquired sounds like it could mean "caught via contagion", but it simply means acquired sometime after birth. Acute disease Acute disease An acute disease is one of a short-term nature (acute); the term sometimes also connotes a fulminant nature Chronic condition or chronic disease A chronic disease is one that persists over time, often for at least six months, but may also include illnesses that are expected to last for the entirety of one's natural life. Congenital disorder or congenital disease A congenital disorder is one that is present at birth. It is often a genetic disease or disorder and can be inherited. It can also be the result of a vertically transmitted infection from the mother, such as HIV/AIDS.
- 6. Genetic disease Agenetic disorder or disease is caused by one or more genetic mutations. It is often inherited, but some mutations are random and de novo. Hereditary or inherited disease A hereditary disease is a type of genetic disease caused by genetic mutations that are hereditary (and can run in families)
- 7. Latrogenic disease Aniatrogenic disease or condition is one that is caused by medical intervention, whether as a side effect of a treatment or as an inadvertent outcome. Idiopathic disease An idiopathic disease has an unknown cause or source. As medical science has advanced, many diseases with entirely unknown causes have had some aspects of their sources explained and therefore shed their idiopathic status.
- 8. Incurable disease Adisease that cannot be cured. Incurable diseases are not necessarily terminal diseases, and sometimes a disease's symptoms can be treated sufficiently for the disease to have little or no impact on quality of life.
- 9. Primary disease Aprimary disease is a disease that is due to a root cause of illness, as opposed to secondary disease, which is a sequela, or complication that is caused by the primary disease. Secondary disease A secondary disease is a disease that is a sequela or complication of a prior, causal disease, which is referred to as the primary disease or simply the underlying cause (root cause).
- 10. Terminal disease Aterminal disease is one that is expected to have the inevitable result of death. Previously, AIDS was a terminal disease; it is now incurable, but can be managed indefinitely using medications. Illness The terms illness and sickness are both generally used as synonyms for disease; however, the term illness is occasionally used to refer specifically to the patient's personal experience of their disease
- 11. Disorder Adisorder is a functional abnormality or disturbance. Medical disorders can be categorized into mental disorders, physical disorders, genetic disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders, and functional disorders. The term disorder is also used in many other areas of medicine, primarily to identify physical disorders that are not caused by infectious organisms, such as metabolic disorders.
- 12. Medical conditionor health condition A medical condition or health condition is a broad concept that includes all diseases, lesions, disorders, or nonpathologic condition that normally receives medical treatment, such as pregnancy or childbirth. While the term medical condition generally includes mental illnesses, in some contexts the term is used specifically to denote any illness, injury, or disease except for mental illnesses Morbidity Morbidity (from Latin morbidus 'sick, unhealthy') is a diseased state, disability, or poor health due to any cause.[16] The term may refer to the existence of any form of disease, or to the degree that the health condition affects the patient. Among severely ill patients, the level of morbidity is often measured by ICU scoring systems. Comorbidity, or co-existing disease, is the simultaneous presence of two or more medical conditions, such as schizophrenia and substance abuse.
- 13. Syndrome Asyndrome is the association of several signs and symptoms, or other characteristics that often occur together, regardless of whether the cause is known. Some syndromes such as Down syndrome are known to have only one cause (an extra chromosome at birth). Others such as Parkinsonian syndrome are known to have multiple possible causes. Acute coronary syndrome, for example, is not a single disease itself but is rather the manifestation of. Predisease Predisease is a subclinical or prodromal vanguard of a disease. Prediabetes and prehypertension are common examples.
- 14. Prevalence Prevalenceis the proportion of a population who have a specific characteristic in a given time period. Etiology Etiology describes the cause or causes of a disease. Clinical manifestation A clinical manifestation is the physical result of some type of illness or infection.
- 15. Pathogenesis Inpathology, pathogenesis is the process by which a disease or disorder develops. It can include factors which contribute not only to the onset of the disease or disorder, but also to its progression and maintenance.
- 16. Types ofpathogenesis include microbial infection, inflammation, malignancy and tissue breakdown. For example, bacterial pathogenesis is the process by which bacteria cause infectious illness. Most diseases are caused by multiple processes. For example, certain cancers arise from dysfunction of the immune system (skin tumors and lymphoma after a renal transplant, which requires immunosuppression), Streptococcus pneumoniae is spread through contact with respiratory secretions, such as saliva, mucus, or cough droplets from an infected person and colonizes the upper respiratory tract and begins to multiply.