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SOUPARNA
JASH
SHILPI
NIKHIL RAJ
NITIN
SAIKAT
SEN
MD AQUIB
PRADEEP
YADAV
SRIJAN
BANERJEE
URBASHI
MISHRA
PRESENTED BY:
INDEX
1) DECISION MAKING-DEFINITION
2) IMPORTANCE OF DECISION MAKING
3) PROCESS OF DECISION MAKING
4) 6 C’S OF DECISION MAKING
5) TYPES OF DECISION MAKING
6) CONDITIONS FOR DECISION MAKING
7) FACTORS AFFECTING DECISION MAKING
8) BARRIERS OF DECISION MAKING
9) DECISION TREE
10) TECHNIQUES OF DECISION MAKING
11) CONCLUSIONS
WHAT IS DECISIONMAKING?
 Integral part of modern management.
 Making the correct decision at the correct time.
 Cognitive process leading to the selection of a course of action
among alternatives.
 For effective decision making, a person
must be able to forecast the outcome of
each option.
The thought process of selecting a
logical choice from the available
options.
 While making a decision, positives
and negatives of each option must
be weighed, and all the alternatives
are to be considered.
1
• BETTER UTILISATION OF RESOURCES
2
• FACING PROBLEMS & CHALLENGES
3
• BUSINESS GROWTH
4
• ACHIEVING OBJECTIVES
5
• INCREASING EFFICIENCY
6
• FACILITATE INNOVATION
7
• MOTIVATES EMPLOYEES
CASE ON DECISION MAKING
 Identification of the purpose of the decision
 Information gathering
 Principles for judging the alternatives
 Brainstorm and analyse the different choices
 Evaluation of alternatives
 Select the best alternative
 Execute the decision
 Evaluate the results
1) Construct
2) Compile
3) Collect
4) Compare
5) Consider
6) Commit
 Routine & Strategic Decisions
 Policy and Operating decisions
 Organizational & Personal decisions
 Programmed & Non-programmed
decisions
 Individual & Group decisions
 Irreversible & Reversible Decisions
 Experimental Decisions
 Trial and Error Decisions
 Made in Stages Decisions
 Cautious decisions
 Conditional Decisions
 Delayed Decisions
DECISION
MAKING
CERTAINITY UNCERTAINITY
HIGHER LOWER
ACCEPTABILITY
PERCEPTION
STYLE
FACTORS AFFECTING DECISIONMAKING:
BARRIERS
ALTERNATIVES
 The outcome of a decision alternative is not known, & even its probability is not
known.
 A few criteria approaches are available for the decision makers to select according to
their preferences & personalities.
 All the alternatives should be evaluated to
measure the risk.
 After measuring all the pro and cons
only, the decision should be made.
 The risk should be evaluated for better
understanding of the future obstacles.
 People who do not agree with the decision should be communicated
in proper manner.
Those who oppose the decision, should be listened and their ideas
should be welcomed too.
 The complexity of the situation and
decision should be known to all the team
members.
 All the members should stick to the
decision, no matter the situation.
 Predictive model
 Mean for calculating condition probabilities
 Simple to understand & Interpret
 Use white box model
 3 types of decision tree
 Classification tree analysis
 Regression tree analysis
 CART analysis
TECHNIQUES
BRAINSTORMING
 Originated in 1953
 Technique to solve a problem
 Complete solution to problem
 Always measure the positive & negative consequences.
 Favor the positive outcomes.
 Decision should be relevant to organizational culture.
 Should be to achieve organization’s goal.
 Decision should not have bad effect.
 Make correct decision at correct time.
RELATED QUOTES
“BE SURE YOU ARE RIGHT...THEN GO AHEAD.”
Davy Crocket.
“Doing what’s right isn’t hard...Knowing what’s right is.”
Lyndon B. Johnson.
“Mine own applause is the only applause which matters.”
Cicero.
“Once you have made your mark, watch out for erasers.”
Will Rogers.
REFERENCE
 “YOU CAN WIN” by SHIV KHERA
 www.google.com
 www.managementstudyguide.com
 link.springer.com
Decision making (IS  VERY  CRUCIAL  IN  MODERN  MANAGEMENT)
Decision making (IS  VERY  CRUCIAL  IN  MODERN  MANAGEMENT)
Decision making (IS  VERY  CRUCIAL  IN  MODERN  MANAGEMENT)

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Decision making (IS VERY CRUCIAL IN MODERN MANAGEMENT)

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 4. INDEX 1) DECISION MAKING-DEFINITION 2) IMPORTANCE OF DECISION MAKING 3) PROCESS OF DECISION MAKING 4) 6 C’S OF DECISION MAKING 5) TYPES OF DECISION MAKING 6) CONDITIONS FOR DECISION MAKING 7) FACTORS AFFECTING DECISION MAKING 8) BARRIERS OF DECISION MAKING 9) DECISION TREE 10) TECHNIQUES OF DECISION MAKING 11) CONCLUSIONS
  • 5. WHAT IS DECISIONMAKING?  Integral part of modern management.  Making the correct decision at the correct time.  Cognitive process leading to the selection of a course of action among alternatives.  For effective decision making, a person must be able to forecast the outcome of each option. The thought process of selecting a logical choice from the available options.  While making a decision, positives and negatives of each option must be weighed, and all the alternatives are to be considered.
  • 6. 1 • BETTER UTILISATION OF RESOURCES 2 • FACING PROBLEMS & CHALLENGES 3 • BUSINESS GROWTH 4 • ACHIEVING OBJECTIVES 5 • INCREASING EFFICIENCY 6 • FACILITATE INNOVATION 7 • MOTIVATES EMPLOYEES
  • 8.  Identification of the purpose of the decision  Information gathering  Principles for judging the alternatives  Brainstorm and analyse the different choices  Evaluation of alternatives  Select the best alternative  Execute the decision  Evaluate the results
  • 9. 1) Construct 2) Compile 3) Collect 4) Compare 5) Consider 6) Commit
  • 10.  Routine & Strategic Decisions  Policy and Operating decisions  Organizational & Personal decisions  Programmed & Non-programmed decisions  Individual & Group decisions  Irreversible & Reversible Decisions
  • 11.  Experimental Decisions  Trial and Error Decisions  Made in Stages Decisions  Cautious decisions  Conditional Decisions  Delayed Decisions
  • 16.
  • 18.  The outcome of a decision alternative is not known, & even its probability is not known.  A few criteria approaches are available for the decision makers to select according to their preferences & personalities.
  • 19.  All the alternatives should be evaluated to measure the risk.  After measuring all the pro and cons only, the decision should be made.  The risk should be evaluated for better understanding of the future obstacles.
  • 20.  People who do not agree with the decision should be communicated in proper manner. Those who oppose the decision, should be listened and their ideas should be welcomed too.
  • 21.  The complexity of the situation and decision should be known to all the team members.  All the members should stick to the decision, no matter the situation.
  • 22.  Predictive model  Mean for calculating condition probabilities  Simple to understand & Interpret  Use white box model
  • 23.  3 types of decision tree  Classification tree analysis  Regression tree analysis  CART analysis
  • 25.
  • 26. BRAINSTORMING  Originated in 1953  Technique to solve a problem  Complete solution to problem
  • 27.  Always measure the positive & negative consequences.  Favor the positive outcomes.  Decision should be relevant to organizational culture.  Should be to achieve organization’s goal.  Decision should not have bad effect.  Make correct decision at correct time.
  • 28. RELATED QUOTES “BE SURE YOU ARE RIGHT...THEN GO AHEAD.” Davy Crocket. “Doing what’s right isn’t hard...Knowing what’s right is.” Lyndon B. Johnson. “Mine own applause is the only applause which matters.” Cicero. “Once you have made your mark, watch out for erasers.” Will Rogers.
  • 29. REFERENCE  “YOU CAN WIN” by SHIV KHERA  www.google.com  www.managementstudyguide.com  link.springer.com