The document discusses various debugging utilities that can be used for Android development such as Memory Analyzer (MAT), Traceview, Hierarchyviewer, and Layoutopt. It covers how to use these tools to find memory leaks, optimize app speed by profiling with Traceview, and improve layout efficiency. Specific techniques covered include analyzing garbage collection logs with MAT, detecting performance bottlenecks, optimizing UI elements, and using Layoutopt to simplify layouts.

1. Использование debug утилит
в разработке под Android
Антоненко Вячеслав
Android developer
24.06.2011
1
Friday, July 1, 11

2. Утилиты
Memory Analyzer (MAT)
Traceview
Hierarchyviewer
Layoutopt
Logcat
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3. Поиск утечки памяти
 Анализ логов
 Причины утечки памяти
 Memory Analyzer
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4. Анализ лога
D/dalvikvm( 3215): GC_CONCURRENT freed 2049K, 65%
free 3571K/9991K, external 4703K/5261K, paused 2ms
+2ms
Friday, July 1, 11

5. Анализ лога
D/dalvikvm( 3215): GC_CONCURRENT freed 2049K, 65%
free 3571K/9991K, external 4703K/5261K, paused 2ms
+2ms
Причина GC
•GC_CONCURRENT
•GC_FOR_MALLOC
•GC_EXTERNAL_ALLOC
•GC_HPROF_DUMP_HEAP
•GC_EXPLICIT
Friday, July 1, 11

6. Анализ лога
D/dalvikvm( 3215): GC_CONCURRENT freed 2049K,
65% free 3571K/9991K, external 4703K/5261K,
paused 2ms+2ms
 Reason for GC
 Amount freed
Friday, July 1, 11

7. Анализ лога
D/dalvikvm( 3215): GC_CONCURRENT freed 2049K, 65%
free 3571K/9991K, external 4703K/5261K, paused 2ms
+2ms
 Reason for GC
 Amount freed
 Heap statistics
Friday, July 1, 11

8. Анализ лога
D/dalvikvm( 3215): GC_CONCURRENT freed 2049K, 65%
free 3571K/9991K, external 4703K/5261K, paused 2ms
+2ms
 Reason for GC
 Amount freed
 Heap statistics
 External memory statistics
Friday, July 1, 11

9. Анализ лога
D/dalvikvm( 3215): GC_CONCURRENT freed 2049K, 65%
free 3571K/9991K, external 4703K/5261K, paused 2ms
+2ms
 Reason for GC
 Amount freed
 Heap statistics
 External memory statistics
 Pause time
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10. Причины утечки памяти
 Ссылки на не используемые объекты
 Ссылки на Acitvity, Drawable, View
 Долго живущие статические переменные
 Не статические внутренние классы
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11. Получение дампа памяти
 Получение дампа
–DDMS
–android.os.Debug.dumpHprofData()
 Конвертация в стандартный HPROF
формат
–hprof-con dump.hprof converted_dump.hprof
 Анализ при помощи MAT
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12. Демонстрация примера
работы с MAT
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14. Friday, July 1, 11

15. Оптимизация скорости
работы приложения
 Поиск узких мест в приложении
 Оптимизация пользовательских элементов управления
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16. Поиск «узких» мест в приложении
Утилиты:
 Traceview
Режим StrictMode
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17. Использование Traceview
из Eclipse
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18. Использование Traceview
из кода
android.os.Debug.startMethodTracing("trace_file_name");
// your code is here
android.os.Debug.stopMethodTracing();
Необходимо установить разрешение на WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
Получение trace из устройства
adb pull /sdcard/trace_file_name.trace
Traceview trace_file_name
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19. Режим StrictMode
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(
new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().detectAll()
.penaltyLog().build());
StrictMode.setVmPolicy(
new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder().detectAll().
penaltyLog().build());
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20. Friday, July 1, 11

21. …
StrictMode(13858):
at android.os.StrictMode$AndroidBlockGuardPolicy.onNetwork(StrictMode.java:758)
…
StrictMode(13858):
at com.softtechnics.mobiletalk.traceview.MobileTalkOptTraceViewActivity
.onCreate(MobileTalkOptTraceViewActivity.java:25)
…
Friday, July 1, 11

22. Оптимизация пользовательских
элементов
Утилиты
 hierarchyviewer
 layoutopt
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23. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="120dip"
android:background="@drawable/gradient_ligh_perfor_bg_bmp" />
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:paddingLeft="20dip"
android:paddingRight="20dip"
android:paddingTop="55dip">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/email"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:inputType="textEmailAddress"
android:background="@drawable/reg_pole"
android:hint="@string/hint_email"
android:textColorHint="#545353"
android:lines="1" />
//some code ...
</RelativeLayout>
</FrameLayout>
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24. Friday, July 1, 11

25. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<merge
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="120dip"
android:background="@drawable/gradient_ligh_perfor_bg_bmp" />
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:paddingLeft="20dip"
android:paddingRight="20dip"
android:paddingTop="55dip">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/email"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:inputType="textEmailAddress"
android:background="@drawable/reg_pole"
android:hint="@string/hint_email"
android:textColorHint="#545353"
android:lines="1" />
//some code ...
</RelativeLayout>
</merge>
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26. Friday, July 1, 11

27. Использование Layoutopt
layoutopt MobileTalkOptUI/res/layout/
MobileTalkOptUI/res/layout/pay.xml
31:607 This ScrollView layout or its LinearLayout parent is possibly useless
36:606 This LinearLayout tag should use android:layout_height="wrap_content«
78:91 This tag and its children can be replaced by one <TextView/> and a compound drawable
118:130 This LinearLayout layout or its LinearLayout parent is useless
129:129 Use an android:layout_height of 0dip instead of wrap_content for better performance
148:161 This LinearLayout layout or its LinearLayout parent is useless
160:160 Use an android:layout_height of 0dip instead of wrap_content for better performance
MobileTalkOptUI/res/layout/main.xml
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28. Спасибо за внимание!
ул. Михайловская 25
Одесса 65005, Украина
www.softtechnics.biz
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