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DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy

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j trant
j trant

Keynote presentation at the Dublin Core 2008 Annual meeting, Berlin, September, 2008

TechnologyEducationEntertainment & Humor
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j trant: social tagging and folksonomy access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy? J. Trant Archives & Museum Informatics http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy access to collections http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections From: J. P. xxxxxx@xxxxxx.com Date: Sat, 26 Aug 2006 11:24:43 -0700 To: timeline@metmuseum.org Subject: Looking for a painting Please help: I have been looking on and off for years for this painting. The painting is of a very well dressed renaissance man standing in a room (a library) in front of him on a table is a large hour glass. The painting has very rich colors. I have talked to a lot of people and they have said they have seen this painting but can't remember its name or the name of the artist. Could you please use your resources to find this painting? Reference Questions c.f. Catechism Project, Janney & Sledge
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections Possibly the desired painting Ian Morrison’s “things we just happen to have in our head” method
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections What “J. P.” knows What a Met curator knows Portrait of a Man, ca. 1520–25 painting Moretto da Brescia (Alessandro Bonvicino) Renaissance (Italian, Brescian, born about 1498, died 1554) Oil on canvas; 34 1/4 x 32 in. (87 x 81.3 cm) standing Rogers Fund, 1928 (28.79) man Provenance: Maffei, Brescia (by 1760, as quot;Ritratto d'uomo con very well dressed carta in mano, ed Orologio, di Callisto da Lodiquot;); by descent to contessa Beatrice Erizzo Maffei Fenaroli Avogadro, Palazzo library Fenaroli, Brescia (by 1853–at least 1857, as by Moretto); her daughter, contessa Maria Livia Fenaroli Avogadro, later marchesa hourglass Fassati, Brescia (in 1862); her son, marchese Ippolito Fassati, Milan (by 1878–at least 1912); [Elia Volpi, Florence, by 1915–16; table sold to Knoedler]; [Knoedler, New York, 1916–28; sold to MMA] rich colors What they both know ...
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections robe Renaissance scholar scroll time trees from MMA proof of concept
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections bangs robe beard border Renaissance cape scholar contemplation elbow scroll hourglass time landscape trees learned man mountain moustache nobleman painting portrait ring volunteer supplied tags robe might help Renaissance from MMA proof of concept
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections What questions do visitors ask of museums?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections How do users search on-line collections?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections shark How do users search on-line collections?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections shark Text How do users search on-line collections?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections shark Text ? only one shark How do users search on-line collections?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections CDWA Describing works of art
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections label text curatorial analysis CDWA Describing works of art
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections ≠sharks! http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections mis-match between vocabulary of visitor and the museum
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections ...not searching for quot;museumquot; content; they were searching for quot;calligraphyquot; content. C. Alexander, et al., Beyond Launch: Museum Videos on YouTube, Museums and the Web 2008 http://www.archimuse.com/mw2008/papers/hart/hart.html http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections there’s no such thing as “museum content” discovery is institution agnostic
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy research question Can social tagging and folksonomy improve online access to art collections? http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions gilded animal bejeweled antler rearing deer Artist woman (Nationality, Dates) Title, Date Medium action Dimensions hunting Ownership Notes museum ... luxury documents dog bow horse object leaping huntress users tag J. Trant, Jan 28, 2008 based on Wyman et al. 2006, Fig.2 a model of tagging http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions An Experiment Called Steve.Museum
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions Users Tag Works of Art
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions evening dress balloon sleeves black bracelet cape elegant red Users Tag Works of Art
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions The Metropolitan Museum of Art Users Tag Works of Art @ MMA
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions The Metropolitan Museum of Art evening dress strap elegant black Users Tag Works of Art @ MMA
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Research Process
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Research Process
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy the experiment and our findings http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 What was tagged?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 What was tagged?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Works by Institution [all works] The Metropolitan Museum of Art Boston Museum of Fine Arts 14% 13% Cleveland Museum of Art Tate Modern 7% 3% Skirball Denver Art Museum 1% 9% Indianapolis Museum of Art 13% San Francisco Museum of Modern Art 9% Rubin Los Angeles County Museum 6% Minneapolis Institute of Arts of Art 14% 11% Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged Same MMA 251 in both sets
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Works by Institution [all works] 1,784 works The Metropolitan Museum of Art 14% Boston Museum of Fine Arts 13% Cleveland Museum of Art Tate Modern 7% 3% Skirball Denver Art Museum 11 museums 1% 9% Indianapolis Museum of Art 13% San Francisco Museum of Modern Art 9% Rubin Los Angeles County Museum 6% Minneapolis Institute of Arts of Art 14% 11% Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged Same MMA 251 in both sets
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging range of media Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy who assigns what kinds of terms how many terms? are assigned? terms tag works of art assigned 1 how does users' terms tagging differ? assigned 2 Tags per work # of tags # of taggers # tags per tagger total distinct total total tags distinct tags high low average std. dev. high low average std. dev. all works work 1 work 2 work 3 Study Terms Assigned
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy who assigns what kinds of terms how many terms? are assigned? terms tag works of art assigned 1 descriptive statistics • tagger velocity how does users' terms assigned 2 • tag variation tagging differ? Tags per work # of tags # of taggers # tags per tagger total distinct total total tags distinct tags high low average std. dev. high low average std. dev. all works work 1 work 2 work 3 Study Terms Assigned
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institution Tagger Single-Institution Tagger # of # of # of # of # of tags # of tags works users works users total distinct total total distinct total 1,784 36,981 11,944 1,621 251 56,399 21,557 690 Characterizing Tagging: Basic Descriptive Statistics
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institution Tagger Single-Institution Tagger # of # of # of # of # of tags # of tags works users works users total distinct total total distinct total 1,784 36,981 11,944 1,621 251 56,399 21,557 690 22 tags / 82 tags / Characterizing Tagging: Basic Descriptive Statistics user user
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger Unregistered Users Registered Users Characterizing Tagging: Compare Registered | Unregistered
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger Unregistered Users Registered Users registered users tag more Characterizing Tagging: Compare Registered | Unregistered
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Sessions per Registered User 6% 6% 4 or more sessions 4 or more sessions 6% 3 sessions 3 sessions 6% 20% 2 sessions 20% 2 sessions 68% 1 session 68% 1 session Characterizing Tagging: Sessions per Registered User unregistered users only come once by definition
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Tags per Work, Average by Object Type number of tags per object type divided by number of works of that object type highlighted values for samples of fewer than 10 works 40 35 Average Tags / Work Linear (Average Tags / Work) 33.4 30 25 27.1 27.0 25.1 23.4 23.7 20 22.2 21.6 20.7 20.1 15 16.4 16.0 14.5 13.4 10 5 1.5 0 s rs ts s s eo hs re ts ns a e ry er s ile g k ok i ur lo ec ed in tu el th or in ap tio d xt ct Bo co Vi Pr w bj nt p O M W r la Te ite ul Je o- og er O i ed al Pa l Sc Al di ch at ot n d st ix Au ria an W Ar Ph In M ita d e an um l tli gs U st Co in d an w ra s t D Ar created from e iv tagsPerWork-080828.xls at or ec D Characterizing Tagging: Tags Per Work by Object Type
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Tags per Work, Average by Object Type number of tags per object type divided by number of works of that object type highlighted values for samples of fewer than 10 works 40 35 Average Tags / Work Linear (Average Tags / Work) 33.4 30 25 27.1 27.0 25.1 23.4 23.7 20 22.2 21.6 20.7 20.1 15 16.4 16.0 14.5 13.4 10 some works 5 1.5 0 s rs ts s s eo hs re ts ns a e ry er s ile g k ok i ur lo ec ed in tu el th or in ap tio d xt ct Bo co Vi Pr w bj nt p O M W r la Te ite ul Je o- og er O i are harder al ed Pa l Sc Al di ch at ot n d st ix Au ria an W Ar Ph In M ita d e an um l tli gs U st Co in d an w ra s t D Ar created from e iv tagsPerWork-080828.xls at or ec D Characterizing Tagging: Tags Per Work by Object Type
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging 16% redundant 84% novel Characterizing Tagging: Vocabulary Stabilization?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging 16% redundant 84% novel 36,981 11,944 tags distinct Characterizing Tagging: Vocabulary Stabilization?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Are tags new terms? http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation research questions: social tagging and folksonomy analysis users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation research questions: social tagging and folksonomy analysis users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Museum Documentation: Catalogue Records On-line
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Museum Data Definition Req. Example Institution The display version of your museum's name y The Metropolitan Museum of Art Image filename The name of the image file that matches this y aps854.jpg object. Institution An identifying number assigned to the object n 11479 ObjectID in your institution, other than an accession number (e.g. the record number from your collections management system). Title/Object The display for of the work's preferred Title y The Gulf Stream Name or Name. Date The display form of the work's date. y 1899 Maker/Culture The display form of the creator's [or y Winslow Homer, 1836–1910 creators'] name[s] (and dates if desired) Medium The display form of the material, support y oil on canvas and/or techniques used to make the work Dimensions The display form of the work's dimensions y 28 1/8 x 49 1/8 in. (71.4 x 124.8 cm) Object Type The type of work, e.g. painting, sculpture, y painting installation Credit Line The display form of any credit to be shown y Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection, Wolfe Fund, with the work of art. 1906 Copyright The Display form of any copyright statement n © Jasper Johns/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY for the work of art. Accession The accession number assigned to the work y 06.1234 Number of art in your museum Notes curatorial or other notes about the work. n The Gulf Stream was based upon studies made during Homer's two winter trips to the Bahamas in 1884–85 and 1898–99. First exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1900, the picture was subsequently reworked and quot;improvedquot; by the artist. Early photographs show changes to the sea and to the back of the ship, making the composition more dramatic and vivid. The painting was shown in this state at the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh in 1900–1901, and then at M. Knoedler and Co. in New York, where the artist placed on the picture the record-asking price of $4,000. There were problems selling the work because of either its high price or its unpleasant subject matter. Homer may have reworked the painting again in the face of this criticism in order to add the rigger on the horizon that signals hope and rescue from the perils of the sea. Museum Documentation: Catalogue Records On-line
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation publisher Museum Data Definition Req. Example Institution The display version of your museum's name y The Metropolitan Museum of Art Image filename The name of the image file that matches this y aps854.jpg object. title Institution An identifying number assigned to the object n 11479 ObjectID in your institution, other than an accession number (e.g. the record number from your collections management system). date Title/Object The display for of the work's preferred Title y The Gulf Stream Name or Name. Date The display form of the work's date. y 1899 Maker/Culture The display form of the creator's [or y Winslow Homer, 1836–1910 creator Medium creators'] name[s] (and dates if desired) The display form of the material, support and/or techniques used to make the work y oil on canvas format Dimensions Object Type The display form of the work's dimensions The type of work, e.g. painting, sculpture, installation y y 28 1/8 x 49 1/8 in. (71.4 x 124.8 cm) painting dimensions Credit Line The display form of any credit to be shown y Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection, Wolfe Fund, with the work of art. 1906 Copyright The Display form of any copyright statement n © Jasper Johns/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY for the work of art. Accession The accession number assigned to the work y 06.1234 type Number of art in your museum Notes curatorial or other notes about the work. n The Gulf Stream was based upon studies made during Homer's two winter trips to the Bahamas in 1884–85 and 1898–99. First exhibited at the rights Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1900, the picture was subsequently reworked and quot;improvedquot; by the artist. Early photographs show changes to the sea and to the back of the ship, making the composition more identifier dramatic and vivid. The painting was shown in this state at the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh in 1900–1901, and then at M. Knoedler and Co. in New York, where the artist placed on the picture the record-asking price of $4,000. There were problems description selling the work because of either its high price or its unpleasant subject matter. Homer may have reworked the painting again in the face of this criticism in order to add the rigger on the horizon that signals hope and rescue from the perils of the sea. Museum Documentation: Catalogue Records On-line
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Museum New Tags Tags ? Documentation Redundant tags Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation 14% yes 86% unmatched Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation sculpture photograph Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation mask portrait Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Multi-Institutional Tagger: Terms Not Found in Multi-institutional Tagger:Documentation Found in Museum Documentation Museum Terms Not 200 150 Times Assigned 100 50 0 an s gn om si w ic da zo J. Trant created from September 18, 2008 Term termsMuseumDocumentation.xls:musdocNULL-freq Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Multi-Institutional Tagger: Terms Not Found in Multi-institutional Tagger:Documentation Found in Museum Documentation Museum Terms Not 200 150 31,949 terms Times Assigned 100 50 86% not found 0 an s gn om si w ic da zo J. Trant created from September 18, 2008 Term termsMuseumDocumentation.xls:musdocNULL-freq Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Multi-institutional Tagger: Terms Not Found inTerms Not Found in Museum Documentation Multi-Institutional Tagger: Museum Documentation [terms assigned more than 50 times, by occurrence] 200 150 Times Assigned 100 50 0 he ct es w al an om n st e en an on re al af e y te o e n m se fe r n e ric s ul le an re rse g pe r ee n d it en n ld ds ye s ue nd lue co ck e de rk ew ca re pa w in e e rio er u tiv sk t il on ap ge der ee c ia in re er io ra r llo et a ra go hi hi at da u e va a xt fa ou io tr m m ric et rs om om nu at flo br m as b lig rv w ho tt pt tr rt bl te gr st sc ra m w w st w lig te o flo cl po ab w d sc an de la k ac bl J. Trant Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy
DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy

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DC2008 Keynote: access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy

  • 1. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy access to art museums on-line: a role for social tagging and folksonomy? J. Trant Archives & Museum Informatics http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 2. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy access to collections http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 3. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections From: J. P. xxxxxx@xxxxxx.com Date: Sat, 26 Aug 2006 11:24:43 -0700 To: timeline@metmuseum.org Subject: Looking for a painting Please help: I have been looking on and off for years for this painting. The painting is of a very well dressed renaissance man standing in a room (a library) in front of him on a table is a large hour glass. The painting has very rich colors. I have talked to a lot of people and they have said they have seen this painting but can't remember its name or the name of the artist. Could you please use your resources to find this painting? Reference Questions c.f. Catechism Project, Janney & Sledge
  • 4. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections Possibly the desired painting Ian Morrison’s “things we just happen to have in our head” method
  • 5. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections
  • 6. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections What “J. P.” knows What a Met curator knows Portrait of a Man, ca. 1520–25 painting Moretto da Brescia (Alessandro Bonvicino) Renaissance (Italian, Brescian, born about 1498, died 1554) Oil on canvas; 34 1/4 x 32 in. (87 x 81.3 cm) standing Rogers Fund, 1928 (28.79) man Provenance: Maffei, Brescia (by 1760, as quot;Ritratto d'uomo con very well dressed carta in mano, ed Orologio, di Callisto da Lodiquot;); by descent to contessa Beatrice Erizzo Maffei Fenaroli Avogadro, Palazzo library Fenaroli, Brescia (by 1853–at least 1857, as by Moretto); her daughter, contessa Maria Livia Fenaroli Avogadro, later marchesa hourglass Fassati, Brescia (in 1862); her son, marchese Ippolito Fassati, Milan (by 1878–at least 1912); [Elia Volpi, Florence, by 1915–16; table sold to Knoedler]; [Knoedler, New York, 1916–28; sold to MMA] rich colors What they both know ...
  • 7. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections robe Renaissance scholar scroll time trees from MMA proof of concept
  • 8. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections bangs robe beard border Renaissance cape scholar contemplation elbow scroll hourglass time landscape trees learned man mountain moustache nobleman painting portrait ring volunteer supplied tags robe might help Renaissance from MMA proof of concept
  • 9. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections What questions do visitors ask of museums?
  • 10. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections How do users search on-line collections?
  • 11. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections shark How do users search on-line collections?
  • 12. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections shark Text How do users search on-line collections?
  • 13. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections shark Text ? only one shark How do users search on-line collections?
  • 14. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections CDWA Describing works of art
  • 15. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections label text curatorial analysis CDWA Describing works of art
  • 16. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections ≠sharks! http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 17. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections mis-match between vocabulary of visitor and the museum
  • 18. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 19. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections ...not searching for quot;museumquot; content; they were searching for quot;calligraphyquot; content. C. Alexander, et al., Beyond Launch: Museum Videos on YouTube, Museums and the Web 2008 http://www.archimuse.com/mw2008/papers/hart/hart.html http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 20. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Access to Collections there’s no such thing as “museum content” discovery is institution agnostic
  • 21. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy research question Can social tagging and folksonomy improve online access to art collections? http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 22. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions gilded animal bejeweled antler rearing deer Artist woman (Nationality, Dates) Title, Date Medium action Dimensions hunting Ownership Notes museum ... luxury documents dog bow horse object leaping huntress users tag J. Trant, Jan 28, 2008 based on Wyman et al. 2006, Fig.2 a model of tagging http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 23. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions An Experiment Called Steve.Museum
  • 24. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions Users Tag Works of Art
  • 25. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions evening dress balloon sleeves black bracelet cape elegant red Users Tag Works of Art
  • 26. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions The Metropolitan Museum of Art Users Tag Works of Art @ MMA
  • 27. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions The Metropolitan Museum of Art evening dress strap elegant black Users Tag Works of Art @ MMA
  • 28. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Research Process
  • 29. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Research Process
  • 30. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy the experiment and our findings http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 31. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 What was tagged?
  • 32. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 What was tagged?
  • 33. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Works by Institution [all works] The Metropolitan Museum of Art Boston Museum of Fine Arts 14% 13% Cleveland Museum of Art Tate Modern 7% 3% Skirball Denver Art Museum 1% 9% Indianapolis Museum of Art 13% San Francisco Museum of Modern Art 9% Rubin Los Angeles County Museum 6% Minneapolis Institute of Arts of Art 14% 11% Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged Same MMA 251 in both sets
  • 34. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Works by Institution [all works] 1,784 works The Metropolitan Museum of Art 14% Boston Museum of Fine Arts 13% Cleveland Museum of Art Tate Modern 7% 3% Skirball Denver Art Museum 11 museums 1% 9% Indianapolis Museum of Art 13% San Francisco Museum of Modern Art 9% Rubin Los Angeles County Museum 6% Minneapolis Institute of Arts of Art 14% 11% Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged Same MMA 251 in both sets
  • 35. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged
  • 36. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging range of media Characterizing Tagging: Works Tagged
  • 37. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy who assigns what kinds of terms how many terms? are assigned? terms tag works of art assigned 1 how does users' terms tagging differ? assigned 2 Tags per work # of tags # of taggers # tags per tagger total distinct total total tags distinct tags high low average std. dev. high low average std. dev. all works work 1 work 2 work 3 Study Terms Assigned
  • 38. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging users folksonomy who assigns what kinds of terms how many terms? are assigned? terms tag works of art assigned 1 descriptive statistics • tagger velocity how does users' terms assigned 2 • tag variation tagging differ? Tags per work # of tags # of taggers # tags per tagger total distinct total total tags distinct tags high low average std. dev. high low average std. dev. all works work 1 work 2 work 3 Study Terms Assigned
  • 39. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institution Tagger Single-Institution Tagger # of # of # of # of # of tags # of tags works users works users total distinct total total distinct total 1,784 36,981 11,944 1,621 251 56,399 21,557 690 Characterizing Tagging: Basic Descriptive Statistics
  • 40. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institution Tagger Single-Institution Tagger # of # of # of # of # of tags # of tags works users works users total distinct total total distinct total 1,784 36,981 11,944 1,621 251 56,399 21,557 690 22 tags / 82 tags / Characterizing Tagging: Basic Descriptive Statistics user user
  • 41. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger Unregistered Users Registered Users Characterizing Tagging: Compare Registered | Unregistered
  • 42. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger Unregistered Users Registered Users registered users tag more Characterizing Tagging: Compare Registered | Unregistered
  • 43. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Sessions per Registered User 6% 6% 4 or more sessions 4 or more sessions 6% 3 sessions 3 sessions 6% 20% 2 sessions 20% 2 sessions 68% 1 session 68% 1 session Characterizing Tagging: Sessions per Registered User unregistered users only come once by definition
  • 44. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Tags per Work, Average by Object Type number of tags per object type divided by number of works of that object type highlighted values for samples of fewer than 10 works 40 35 Average Tags / Work Linear (Average Tags / Work) 33.4 30 25 27.1 27.0 25.1 23.4 23.7 20 22.2 21.6 20.7 20.1 15 16.4 16.0 14.5 13.4 10 5 1.5 0 s rs ts s s eo hs re ts ns a e ry er s ile g k ok i ur lo ec ed in tu el th or in ap tio d xt ct Bo co Vi Pr w bj nt p O M W r la Te ite ul Je o- og er O i ed al Pa l Sc Al di ch at ot n d st ix Au ria an W Ar Ph In M ita d e an um l tli gs U st Co in d an w ra s t D Ar created from e iv tagsPerWork-080828.xls at or ec D Characterizing Tagging: Tags Per Work by Object Type
  • 45. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging Multi-Institutional Tagger: Tags per Work, Average by Object Type number of tags per object type divided by number of works of that object type highlighted values for samples of fewer than 10 works 40 35 Average Tags / Work Linear (Average Tags / Work) 33.4 30 25 27.1 27.0 25.1 23.4 23.7 20 22.2 21.6 20.7 20.1 15 16.4 16.0 14.5 13.4 10 some works 5 1.5 0 s rs ts s s eo hs re ts ns a e ry er s ile g k ok i ur lo ec ed in tu el th or in ap tio d xt ct Bo co Vi Pr w bj nt p O M W r la Te ite ul Je o- og er O i are harder al ed Pa l Sc Al di ch at ot n d st ix Au ria an W Ar Ph In M ita d e an um l tli gs U st Co in d an w ra s t D Ar created from e iv tagsPerWork-080828.xls at or ec D Characterizing Tagging: Tags Per Work by Object Type
  • 46. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging 16% redundant 84% novel Characterizing Tagging: Vocabulary Stabilization?
  • 47. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Tagging 16% redundant 84% novel 36,981 11,944 tags distinct Characterizing Tagging: Vocabulary Stabilization?
  • 48. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Are tags new terms? http://conference.archimuse.com/jtrants
  • 49. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation research questions: social tagging and folksonomy analysis users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 50. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation research questions: social tagging and folksonomy analysis users folksonomy vocabulary sources who assigns what kinds of terms are terms found in... how many terms? are assigned? Art and Architecture Thesaurus terms tag works of art assigned 1 museum (AAT) records Union List of Artists Names how does users' terms (ULAN) tagging differ? assigned 2 searches of art image databases works of art J. Trant, February 2008 are terms applicable to based on Trant 2006 Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 51. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Museum Documentation: Catalogue Records On-line
  • 52. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Museum Data Definition Req. Example Institution The display version of your museum's name y The Metropolitan Museum of Art Image filename The name of the image file that matches this y aps854.jpg object. Institution An identifying number assigned to the object n 11479 ObjectID in your institution, other than an accession number (e.g. the record number from your collections management system). Title/Object The display for of the work's preferred Title y The Gulf Stream Name or Name. Date The display form of the work's date. y 1899 Maker/Culture The display form of the creator's [or y Winslow Homer, 1836–1910 creators'] name[s] (and dates if desired) Medium The display form of the material, support y oil on canvas and/or techniques used to make the work Dimensions The display form of the work's dimensions y 28 1/8 x 49 1/8 in. (71.4 x 124.8 cm) Object Type The type of work, e.g. painting, sculpture, y painting installation Credit Line The display form of any credit to be shown y Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection, Wolfe Fund, with the work of art. 1906 Copyright The Display form of any copyright statement n © Jasper Johns/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY for the work of art. Accession The accession number assigned to the work y 06.1234 Number of art in your museum Notes curatorial or other notes about the work. n The Gulf Stream was based upon studies made during Homer's two winter trips to the Bahamas in 1884–85 and 1898–99. First exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1900, the picture was subsequently reworked and quot;improvedquot; by the artist. Early photographs show changes to the sea and to the back of the ship, making the composition more dramatic and vivid. The painting was shown in this state at the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh in 1900–1901, and then at M. Knoedler and Co. in New York, where the artist placed on the picture the record-asking price of $4,000. There were problems selling the work because of either its high price or its unpleasant subject matter. Homer may have reworked the painting again in the face of this criticism in order to add the rigger on the horizon that signals hope and rescue from the perils of the sea. Museum Documentation: Catalogue Records On-line
  • 53. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation publisher Museum Data Definition Req. Example Institution The display version of your museum's name y The Metropolitan Museum of Art Image filename The name of the image file that matches this y aps854.jpg object. title Institution An identifying number assigned to the object n 11479 ObjectID in your institution, other than an accession number (e.g. the record number from your collections management system). date Title/Object The display for of the work's preferred Title y The Gulf Stream Name or Name. Date The display form of the work's date. y 1899 Maker/Culture The display form of the creator's [or y Winslow Homer, 1836–1910 creator Medium creators'] name[s] (and dates if desired) The display form of the material, support and/or techniques used to make the work y oil on canvas format Dimensions Object Type The display form of the work's dimensions The type of work, e.g. painting, sculpture, installation y y 28 1/8 x 49 1/8 in. (71.4 x 124.8 cm) painting dimensions Credit Line The display form of any credit to be shown y Catharine Lorillard Wolfe Collection, Wolfe Fund, with the work of art. 1906 Copyright The Display form of any copyright statement n © Jasper Johns/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY for the work of art. Accession The accession number assigned to the work y 06.1234 type Number of art in your museum Notes curatorial or other notes about the work. n The Gulf Stream was based upon studies made during Homer's two winter trips to the Bahamas in 1884–85 and 1898–99. First exhibited at the rights Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1900, the picture was subsequently reworked and quot;improvedquot; by the artist. Early photographs show changes to the sea and to the back of the ship, making the composition more identifier dramatic and vivid. The painting was shown in this state at the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh in 1900–1901, and then at M. Knoedler and Co. in New York, where the artist placed on the picture the record-asking price of $4,000. There were problems description selling the work because of either its high price or its unpleasant subject matter. Homer may have reworked the painting again in the face of this criticism in order to add the rigger on the horizon that signals hope and rescue from the perils of the sea. Museum Documentation: Catalogue Records On-line
  • 54. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Museum New Tags Tags ? Documentation Redundant tags Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 55. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation 14% yes 86% unmatched Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 56. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 57. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation sculpture photograph Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 58. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 59. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation mask portrait Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 60. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Multi-Institutional Tagger: Terms Not Found in Multi-institutional Tagger:Documentation Found in Museum Documentation Museum Terms Not 200 150 Times Assigned 100 50 0 an s gn om si w ic da zo J. Trant created from September 18, 2008 Term termsMuseumDocumentation.xls:musdocNULL-freq Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 61. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Multi-Institutional Tagger: Terms Not Found in Multi-institutional Tagger:Documentation Found in Museum Documentation Museum Terms Not 200 150 31,949 terms Times Assigned 100 50 86% not found 0 an s gn om si w ic da zo J. Trant created from September 18, 2008 Term termsMuseumDocumentation.xls:musdocNULL-freq Do user tags differ from museum documentation?
  • 62. j trant: social tagging and folksonomy Research Questions: Museum Documentation Multi-institutional Tagger: Terms Not Found inTerms Not Found in Museum Documentation Multi-Institutional Tagger: Museum Documentation [terms assigned more than 50 times, by occurrence] 200 150 Times Assigned 100 50 0 he ct es w al an om n st e en an on re al af e y te o e n m se fe r n e ric s ul le an re rse g pe r ee n d it en n ld ds ye s ue nd lue co ck e de rk ew ca re pa w in e e rio er u tiv sk t il on ap ge der ee c ia in re er io ra r llo et a ra go hi hi at da u e va a xt fa ou io tr m m ric et rs om om nu at flo br m as b lig rv w ho tt pt tr rt bl te gr st sc ra m w w st w lig te o flo cl po ab w d sc an de la k ac bl J. Trant Do user tags differ from museum documentation?