The document discusses a proposed research study that would test the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis by examining whether training low-income undergraduate students in Six Sigma Generation Four (The Great Discovery) methods improves their academic performance. Specifically, the study would use a Solomon four-group design to compare class grades of students who receive the training versus those who do not, while controlling for other factors. The purpose is to determine if providing the language and processes of goal-setting and problem-solving through The Great Discovery can help low-income students overcome barriers to success posed by limited environmental language according to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.
EDR 8204 Week 8 Assignment: Develop a Fictitious Qualitative Data Analysis an...eckchela
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This is a North Central University course (EDR 8204): Week 8 Assignment: Develop a Fictitious Qualitative Data Analysis and Interpretation. It is written in APA format, has been graded by Dr. Kanyongo (A), and includes references. Most higher-education assignments are submitted to turnitin, so remember to paraphrase. Let us begin.
EDR 8204 Week 8 Assignment: Develop a Fictitious Qualitative Data Analysis an...eckchela
Ā
This is a North Central University course (EDR 8204): Week 8 Assignment: Develop a Fictitious Qualitative Data Analysis and Interpretation. It is written in APA format, has been graded by Dr. Kanyongo (A), and includes references. Most higher-education assignments are submitted to turnitin, so remember to paraphrase. Let us begin.
Norah AlasfoorCHS 430Professor, Herman RodriguezWednesday, M.docxhenrymartin15260
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Norah Alasfoor
CHS 430
Professor, Herman Rodriguez
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Second reaction paper ā Bless Me Ultima ā and summery
American females today some of the women with school aged children are employed and children of divorce, the divorce rate in the US is the highest in the world. Blended families with step brothers and stepsisters who more in and out of their lifeās. Effects of divorce the first two years after the divorce seem to be the most difficult period for both boys and girls. Peer relationship play a significant role in healthy personal and social development. Having stable and supportive relationships with friends who are socially competent and nature enhances social development, especially during difficult time such as parentsā divorce transition of a new schools. Adults who were rejected as children tend to have problems, such as dropping out of school. Physical abuse aggression to words other refusal to undress for gym and chronic running away and self-destructive tendencies.
Emotional abuse physical mental and emotional development lags and convince self-deprecation ā I am stupid, ugly, worth less ā and overreactions to mistakes and extreme fear of any new situation. Also, extreme fear of passivity of aggression. Teenage sexuality and pregnancy are teenage birthrate in some of the girls are lower than the peak rate and also, among Latino teenagers.
Bilingualism, Second Language Acquisition, And the Educational of Chicano Language minority Students. Bilingual Acquisition, Todayās understanding of bilingualism indicates that bilingualism in not a linguistic liability and may even serve as a cognitive advantage. Latino children are usually perceived as the āforeignersā; āintrudersā; and āimmigrantsā who speak a different language and hold values significantly different from the North American mainstream. Gonzalez (1990). Several studies demonstrate that learning two languages simultaneously does not delay progress in School. Between three and seven years of age, children can learn two languages when permitted.
Bilingualism Defined, The term bilingualism suggest the acquisition of two languages during the first 5 to 7 years of life. Children are able to comprehend and produce (lexicon, morphology, and syntax) of each language. Children function ānaturallyā in the two languages as they are used in the form of social interaction.
Linguistic Development, Many parts of the world entertain the learning of different languages, and example might be, the Northwest Amazon region of South America. European countries promote bilingualism Investigators found that Chicano children, can learn at four, five and six years the ability to communicate in Spanish and English, Garcia, Maez and Gonzalez (1979). Intelligence, Cognition and Bilingualism, A separate but significant research approach to the understanding of bilingualism and its effects has focused on the (intellectual) character of the bilingual. Early research indicated that bil.
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Running head CURRICULUM INCEPTION 1CURRICULUM INCEPTION 8.docxtodd271
Ā
Running head: CURRICULUM INCEPTION 1
CURRICULUM INCEPTION 8
Curriculum Inception for School District of Philadelphia
Instructor: Calvin Moore
Cheanel Nolden
January 17, 2019
Curriculum Inception for School District of Philadelphia
Description of the School District
The School District of Philadelphia is a school district that covers the area of Pennsylvania. Since 2012, the district has been ranked the largest school district in the state of Pennsylvania since it serves a proximately 143,800 students. The district is often under the control of the School Reform Commission. The School District of Philadelphia is situated in the consolidated city county of Philadelphia, which is in the south eastern part of Philadelphia. In 2014, the city county hosted approximately 1,560000 residents, according to a survey undertaken by the United States Census Bureau. Philadelphia performed poorly in comparison to Pennsylvania with respect to higher education achievements for the last 10 years. The county city inhabitants had bachelorās degree or higher at a rate of 23 percent compared to state residents at 34 percent. The average household income for the county city residents is approximately $37,190- compared to the state, which has an average of $52,359. The poverty rate was 26 percent in the city, and 20.3 percent in the state respectively.
Currently, there are approximately 1.45 million people residing w8ithin the confines of the school; district geographical boundaries. This figure is anticipated to reduce to about 1.4 million by 2020. The male to female ratio is 46.5 percent to 53.5 percent and is not projected to change any soon. With respect to racial composition, whites who are non-Hispanics, and to a lesser degree, African Americans are projected to decrease in population in the next five years. Individuals with Hispanic ethnicity and heritage are anticipated to have the highest increase in population by 1.6 percent points in 2020. The forecasted enrollment of students is expected to decline by a proximately 10000 students in the next decade in district operated public school enrollments. This decline is attributed to reduction in birth rates and expansions f school choice in the District. The overall enrollment for school age children is expected to undergo a slight reduction. Further, the parochial and private school enrollment will slightly reduce.
The School District of Philadelphia has the capacity to enroll more than 227000 students. Presently, the district serves approximately 154000 students in districts operated schools. This means that about 70000 in excess seats are still needed. The elementary utilization is about 80 percent, while middle and high school utilization is about 60 percent. Furthermore, the charter school enrollment is anticipated to increase by approximately 9000 from 2010 to 2015. The school district of Philadelphia is committed to offering the greatest educational experience for all students who are en.
Compensation still matters: language learning strategies in the third millenn...James Cook University
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David fried 2012 aero conference paper six sigma generation four v.4
1. Running head: SIX SIGMA GENERATION FOUR 1
Impact of The Great DiscoveryĀ® (Six Sigma Generation Four) on Undergraduate Student
Success: A Test of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
David Fried
University of Phoenix
2. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 2
Impact of The Great DiscoveryĀ® (Six Sigma Generation Four) on Undergraduate Student
Success: A Test of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Haveman and Smeeding (2006) state that, though more students qualify to attend college,
the gap between the socio-economic status (SES) of college students is growing, as is the gap
between student SES and student success at college with the almost 75% of new college students
classified as high-income. Mamiseishvili (2010) indicated that, access to a college education has
increased for low-income individuals, yet the likelihood of low-income students return following
their freshman year is only 25% of the number of students who come from financially
advantageous backgrounds. Only 11% of low-income students finish their undergraduate degree
in a six year period compared to a 55% completion rate for students from higher income
situations (Mamiseishvili, 2010). Haveman and Smeeding (2006) stated that completing a
secondary education is the catalyst for social mobility; however, that ācontrary to its stated goals
and repeated claims, the U.S. higher education system fails to equalize opportunities among
students from high- and low-income familiesā (p. 128).
Environment and Language.
Human understanding of the world and individual thought processes are the result of the
language and cultural environment as stated by linguistic scholars Johann Herder and Wilhelm
von Humboldt (Liang, 2011). Applying this to education, students in low socio-economic status
(SES) environments experience a reduction in confidence, literacy, and academic achievement.
Chu (2011) stated that culturally and linguistically diverse students may lack the knowledge and
abilities needed for academic success. The lack of goal setting, process planning, force-field
analysis, and process execution knowledge is not beyond understanding of any SES provided
individuals are willing to overcome their self-doubt (Reboul, 2011). At one point students enter
3. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 3
the workforce, some even after attending college, but will they understand the values necessary
for advancement through organizations and be able to change their environmental conditions and
SES?
Communication and Language.
Janicki (2011) described the speakerās role in the process of idea communication as the
creation of a set of words representing the concept, then sent to the receiver who is responsible
for not only understanding the words but the context surrounding them. Reboul (2011) added
that communication barriers exist between individuals from different cultures, separating
students within schools and employees within organizations. The misunderstanding of language
not only causes confusion surrounding the subject matter but also often creates conflict between
the speaker and receiver because of misinterpretations (Janicki, 2011).
The Great DiscoveryĀ®, Six Sigma Generation Four
The original Six Sigma methodology was created to reduce manufacturing defects,
however, it contains defects of its own such as limited reach within an organization because of
the complicated and technical nature of the tools (Sanders, 2010). Twenty years after
conception, Six Sigma co-architect Dr. Mikel Harry and one of the original Six Sigma Master
Black Belts, Catherine Lawson, published How to Get Out of the Box and Win introducing the
fourth generation of Six Sigma, referred to as The Great DiscoveryĀ®, discussing higher quality
decision-making using the foundational concepts of Six Sigma (Harry & Lawson, 2010). The
function of The Great Discovery is to make the proven quality methods of Six Sigma available to
individuals, in order that they may change their approach to goal setting and problem solving
without needing to learn complex statistical analysis (Harry & Lawson, 2010).
4. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 4
The Great Discovery on Changing Socio-economic Status.
The Great Discovery is the Six Sigma way of thinking in that it focuses practitioners on
constructing dynamic processes for the prevention of error before beginning the process rather
than trying to prevent it under situational constraint or fix processes after the error has occurred
(Harry & Lawson, 2010). The Six Sigma way of thinking is a function of quality language such
as goals, catalyst, process, driving force, restraining force, leverage, divergent thinking,
convergent thinking, and milestones.
Definitions
6 sigma ā is a quantitative metric from an analysis of variance (ANOVA) where a given data
point is six standard deviations away from the average on a normal distribution where 99.74% of
the data set resides under the normal distribution (Caulcutt, 2001). 6 sigma is used in
determining the consistency or reliability of data.
Defect ā is an occurrence outside the allowable limits of a process such as a student not knowing
what or restaurant customers who receive food they did not order.
Sigma ā noted as the Greek symbol Ļ, this is the value of one standard deviation from the mean
of a normal distribution (Caulcutt, 2001).
Six Sigma ā āis a business process that allows companies to drastically improve their bottom line
by designing and monitoring everyday business activities in ways that minimize waste and
resources while increasing customer satisfactionā (Harry & Schroeder, 2000)
Standard Deviation ā known as a sigma (Ļ), is a statistical measurement of the variation within a
set of data (Ha, 2005).
5. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 5
Problem Formulation
The problem is, though individuals living within poverty conditions may want to attend
and successfully complete college as a means of escaping their current financial situation, they
cannot because of a limited ability to perceive an alternate reality caused by a lack of language.
This is described by the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis that states an individualās language provides the
structure for a personās conceptualization of thought. Without the language needed to properly
describe the new outcomes or the processes for arriving at them, people are unable to change
their socio-economic status. The relationship of language and a humanās ability to conceive an
idea was first conceptualized in fourth century Greece by Aristotle. It has been discussed since
by individuals such as linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt in the eighteen hundreds who postulated
that language was responsible for framing an individualās perception, to Edward Sapir and
Benjamin Lee Whorf who, in 1929 identified language as the navigation system for social
perception (Jing, 2011). Applying von Wumboldtās understanding and the Sapir-Whorf
hypothesis, individuals lacking language that extends beyond their situation of poverty cannot
conceptualize the methods or practices necessary to make changes to escape their economic
condition. An example of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is the hypothetical story of an
archeologist searching through the uncharted jungle of southeastern Peru for lost ancient
temples. After breaking through some brush the archeologist finds himself at the edge of a
primitive village and face-to-face with six of its inhabitants. The archeologist raises his camera
and begins snapping pictures to document his discovery when the men of the group lunge at him
with spears. Held captive by the villagers, the archeologist frantically attempts to explain what
his camera does but with no word for photograph or camera, the villagers are unable to
understand his explanations and kill the archeologist. Jing explains the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
6. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 6
using European languages and the native American language of the Hopi tribe by stating that
from a European language perspective, time is a quantifiable aspect of life whereas the Hopi use
time as a relationship to before or after an event. Whorf understood that the language an
individual uses is a direct reflection of the individualās perception of the world, according to
Jing, which can be expanded to include the environment that an individual exists within as a
direct cause of the barriers that exist surrounding education. The language of the neighborhood
becomes the language of the individual, even if unintentionally, framing the perception of
thought conception (Jing, 2011).
Study Purpose
The purpose of the proposed research is to perform a timeline study measuring the affects
of The Great Discovery (Six Sigma Generation Four) via the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis on the
lowest income undergraduate students at an institution for post-secondary education on Native
American tribal land to determine if training in The Great Discovery methods of goal setting,
process planning, force field analysis, and execution strategies raises low-income studentsā grade
in comparison to students of higher income status. The benchmark data from research study
participants will then be compared to same data for the entire student population of the same
university.
Study Research Questions
Q1: Do the participantās report a change in the methods of goal setting and process
execution following The Great Discovery training?
Q2: Do the participantās report a change in their language surrounding goal setting and
goal achievement following The Great Discovery training?
Q4: Do the participantās feel they are more following The Great Discovery training?
7. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 7
Quantitative Research Questions and Hypotheses
Q5: Was the average participantās score for the class affected by The Great Discovery
training?
H10: The Great Discovery training will not affect participantās class grades.
H1a: The Great Discovery training will positively affect participantās class grades as
measured by a greater grade increase than students of the same socio-economic
status.
Research Method and Design
The researcher has selected a timeline study using a Solomon four-group design to
determine if The Great Discovery intervention affects studentās performance in class apart from
the natural proficiency gained with increased topic familiarity. In a Solomon four-group design,
each sample of students is divided into four groups; the first receiving no pretest or treatment, the
second receiving a pretest but no treatment, the third receiving no pretest but the study treatment,
and the fourth receiving the pretest and treatment. This method should identify the change, if
any, attributed to The Great Discovery training. The proposed research will be conducted within
a single class, facilitated by one instructor to ensure the validity of the potential change following
The Great Discovery training.
Study Population
The study sample will be undergraduate students at an institution for post-secondary
education on Native American tribal land scheduled on roster for entry into the study course.
Each student of the study sample will be randomly assigned to one of the four groups (no pretest
or treatment, pretest but no treatment, no pretest but the study treatment, pretest and treatment)
so necessary pretesting can be done with time for participant completion of The Great Discovery
8. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 8
training. Following participantās assignment to study group and prior to the beginning of the
course, The Great Discovery training will be provided to participants of groups three and four via
internet-based training program.
Conclusion
Zailani and Sasthriyar (2011) indicate that Six Sigma has been used as a quality
improvement tool and a management tool, though traditional Six Sigma deployments rely on the
highly trained practitioners executing the complex statistical investigations seeking to eliminate
defect (Tarantino, 2009). The proposed research study aims to determine if The Great
Discovery, is a valid strategy for improving goal setting techniques, process planning, force-field
analysis, and process execution in undergraduate students at the University of Phoenix.
9. Six Sigma Generation Four for Undergraduate Student Success 9
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