Data Validation models

Data validation models
Marcin Czarnecki - Tech Lead

<?php
require(‘user_functions.php’);
if (!empty($_POST['email'])) {
if (!empty($_POST['password'])) {
if (!empty($_POST['username'])) {
save_user($_POST);
echo "User created";
exit();
}
die("empty username");
}
die("empty password");
}
die("empty email");

<?php
use SymfonyComponentValidatorConstraints as Assert;
class User
{
/**
* @AssertNotBlank
* @AssertString
* @AssertEmail
*/
public $email
/**
* @AssertNotBlank
* @AssertLength(min=“3”)
*/
public $username;
}

<?php
use AssertAssert;
class User
{
private string $username;
private string $email;
/* @throw InvalidArgumentException */
public function __construct(string $username, string $email)
{
Assert::stringNotEmpty($username);
Assert::minLength($username, 3);
Assert::stringNotEmpty($email);
Assert::email($email);
$this->username = $username;
$this->email = $email;
}
}

create table users
(
id bigint not null primary key auto_increment,
email varchar(100) not null,
username varchar(100) not null,
constraint email_unique unique (email),
constraint username_unique unique (username)
)

Optional section title
Syntactic
Checks if data has the proper
data type and format
2020-02-30
Invalid date
2030-02-03
Looks like a valid date!
Semantic
Checks if data makes sense in
our use case
2030-02-03
Seems to be invalid DoB
1903-01-02
??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???

{
"email": “mczarnecki@example.com" // valid
}

{
}
{
"email": 12345679 // invalid - wrong data type
}

{
}
{
}
{
"email": “mczarnecki@example" // invalid - wrong domain
}

{
}
{
}
{
}
{
"email": “” // invalid - empty string
}

{
}
{
}
{
}
{
"email": “” // invalid - empty string
}
{
"email": “mczarnecki+spam@example.com" // valid
}

Is it so simple?
filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) vs RFC5321

mczarnecki(comment)@example.com
уникум@из.рф
"this is v@lid!"@example.com
"()<>[]:,;@"!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}| ~.a”@example.org
" “@example.org
localpart.ending.with.dot.@example.com

When should I be more careful about syntax
validation?
➔ Integrations with external APIs (for example oAuth)
➔ It is a core of our application
Usually it will be just an edge case

I got mczarnecki@example.com as input, but such
user already exists. Is it valid?

➔ Register user context
● Definitely NO!

● Definitely NO!
➔ Login user context
● Yes, it is valid

● Definitely NO!
➔ Search for friend
● No such validation rule.

● Definitely NO!
➔ Search for friend
● No such validation rule.
➔ Send order confirmation email
● Yes, it is required to exist in database

As soon as possible
Before deserialisation or just after it.

<?php
class RegisterUserRequest {
/**
* @AssertNotBlank
* @AssertString
*/
public $email
/**
* @AssertNotBlank
* @AssertLength(min=“3”)
*/
public $username;
}

Make sure that you will
always operate on valid object
Use Argument Resolver and kernel.exception listener to handle
invalid requests

<?php
class RegisterUserRequestResolver implements ArgumentValueResolverInterface
{
private SerializerInterface $serializer;
private ValidatorInterface $validator;
public function __construct(
SerializerInterface $serializer,
ValidatorInterface $validator
)
{
$this->serializer = $serializer;
$this->validator = $validator;
}

<?php
class RegisterUserRequestResolver implements ArgumentValueResolverInterface
{
public function supports(Request $request, ArgumentMetadata $argument)
{
return RegisterUserRequest::class === $argument->getType();
}
public function resolve(Request $request, ArgumentMetadata $argument)
{
$dto = $this->serializer->deserialize($request->getContent(),
RegisterUserRequest::class, 'json');
$errors = $this->validator->validate($dto);
if($errors->count()){
throw new Exception((string)$errors);
}
yield $dto;
}
}

<?php
class ExceptionListener
{
public function onKernelException(ExceptionEvent $event)
{
$exception = $event->getThrowable();
$response = new Response();
$response->setContent($exception->getMessage());
$response->setStatusCode(Response::HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
$event->setResponse($response);
}
}

<?php
class UserController
{
public function index(RegisterUserRequest $request)
{
$this->usersService->createUser(
$request->email,
$request->username,
);
return new Response('', Response::HTTP_CREATED);
}
}

Domain model should be
always valid
To keep your code DRY most of the semantic validation should take
place in the application / domain layer.

<?php
class UserController
{
public function index(RegisterUserRequest $request)
{
$this->usersService->createUser(
new Username($request->username),
new Email($request->email),
);
return new Response('', Response::HTTP_CREATED);
}
}

<?php
use WebmozartAssertAssert;
class Email
{
public function __construct(string $email)
{
}
}

<?php
class UserService
{
public function createUser(Username $username, Email $email)
{
if($this->usersRepository->findByEmail($email)){
throw new UserAlreadyExists();
}
if($this->usersRepository->findByUsername($username)){
throw new UserAlreadyExists();
}
$this->usersRepository->add(new User(
$email,
$username
));
}

<?php
use WebmozartAssertAssert;
class User
{
public function __construct(string $email)
{
}
}

+-------------------------+----------+----------+
| benchmark | mean | mem_peak |
+-------------------------+----------+----------+
| BeberleiAssertBench | 4.490μs | 1.237mb |
| WebmozartValidatorBench | 4.376μs | 1.200mb |
| BeberleiLazyAssertBench | 20.786μs | 1.295mb |
| Symfony4ValidatorBench | 25.435μs | 1.384mb |
| LaravelBench | 15.470μs | 2.339mb |
| LaminasBench | 97.789μs | 1.296mb |
+-------------------------+----------+----------+

Try it out
github.com/scyzoryck/php-validators-benchmark
Thanks to phpbench/phpbench

Take away
➔Syntactic validation should be done as soon as possible
➔Semantic validation should be implemented in the
application / domain level
➔We should avoid of operating on incorrect objects
➔Always validate your input :)

Thank you
twitter.com/scyzoryck
 
github.com/scyzoryck

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