21. Division of States at UNCLOS
1) Latin American
2) African
3) Asian
4) Eastern European
5) Western European (Canada/US)
Others
22. Single Negotiating Text
Divided into four subgroups
1) Discussion of sea bed/ocean floor beyond national
jurisdiction
2) Territorial seas and straits for international use
3) State responsibility of marine environment and
technological improvement
4) Outline on how to settle future disputes
23. What did the Convention do?
The 1973 Convention established :
national baselines
internal waters
territorial waters,
exclusive economic safe zones
24. Baselines
Baselines begin where the water meets the shore
If land is rough or marked with islands than the baseline
could be drawn around those islands
25.
26. Internal Waters
Any body of water within the defined baseline
For example, bays, lagoons, streams etc
27. Territorial Waters
12 nautical mile limit out wards from the baseline.
Passage conditional on “innocent passage”
31. EEZs Defined
An area beyond the territorial sea where both costal
authority and the freedom of foreign nations are
governed by the Convention’s rules.
32. Costal Authority in EEZs
Sovereign rights of exploring, exploiting, conserving
and managing living or non living natural resources.
(Article 56)
While sovereign state is operating under Convention it
must act in a manner compatible with provisions of
the Convention. (Article 56)
33. Foreign Authority in EEZs
Allowed to use sea in international lawful practices.
Shall adure to rights and duties of the costal state
adopted by the Convention. (Article 58)
34. Aftermath....
Successful in laying foundations for future
negotiations
Brought issue of marine sustainability to an
international audience
