Shadows of an Empire @ Jehangir Art GallerySanjay Dongre
The story of Vijayanagar is a fascinating tale of leadership, some good management practices, and economic policies that led to its glory.
This story is now being brought alive by a string of images drawn from various sites but mainly the largest open air museum located in Hampi. Each of these images singularly tell a story and collectively take us through the rise and fall of an Empire.
Brought to you by people who love, photography, travel and story telling.at the Jehangir Art Gallery 11th Nov onwards
COPYRIGHT RADIO USER.
My article on RMS Lusitania.
Professional Freelance writer.
BSc Hons Maritime Studies 1999
MSc Maritime Operations Management 2018
PhD 1st year PGR at Liverpool John Moores University
Shadows of an Empire @ Jehangir Art GallerySanjay Dongre
The story of Vijayanagar is a fascinating tale of leadership, some good management practices, and economic policies that led to its glory.
This story is now being brought alive by a string of images drawn from various sites but mainly the largest open air museum located in Hampi. Each of these images singularly tell a story and collectively take us through the rise and fall of an Empire.
Brought to you by people who love, photography, travel and story telling.at the Jehangir Art Gallery 11th Nov onwards
COPYRIGHT RADIO USER.
My article on RMS Lusitania.
Professional Freelance writer.
BSc Hons Maritime Studies 1999
MSc Maritime Operations Management 2018
PhD 1st year PGR at Liverpool John Moores University
The following is a text version and accompanying speech notes during a presentation held at the Canadian Gemmological Association in March 2019 regarding Cretaceous Myanmar amber, sapphire and rubies unearthed in "The Golden Land."
The Haunted Files Case 4, The RMS Queen MaryCharlie
I talk about the haunting of the RMS Queen Mary and also go over the history of the ocean liner and possible reasons for why people believe it to be haunted or why it may actually be haunted.
Notes on the Decline and Changing Fortunes of Singapura (1400-the early 19thC)LLoyd Yeo
This set of notes are for Sec One History Students on the History of Singapore. Focusing on Singapore in 1400 to the early 19th century. It looks at Singapore when it was part of the Malaccan Sultanate to the period when Portugal and later the Netherlands establsiehd themslves as early colonial rulers in Southeast Asia. It also takes a look at Singapura when it was part of the Johor-Riau Sultanate and the Malay Kingdoms if the period.
A British warship sank in New York City waters possibly carrying millions in payroll gold in 1780. Despite tantalizing clues, including a canon from the ship held by the city the treasure, if it exists, has never been found.
D85 digital magazine november 2013- first annual issueSaleem Khanani
DMC CLASS OF 1985 DIGITAL MAGAZINE
FIRST ANNUAL ISSUE
NOVEMBER 2013
EDITED BY: SALEEM A KHANANI AND SAMEENA KHAN
DEDICATED TO THE FIRST COUPLE OF OUR CLASS MOAZZAM AND SHEHLA ABID ON THEIR 30TH WEDDING ANNIVERSARY
A monthly digital production of the Dow Medical College Class of 1985.
A special tribute to two teachers: Professor Mohammad Akram and Professor Salma Akram
The following is a text version and accompanying speech notes during a presentation held at the Canadian Gemmological Association in March 2019 regarding Cretaceous Myanmar amber, sapphire and rubies unearthed in "The Golden Land."
The Haunted Files Case 4, The RMS Queen MaryCharlie
I talk about the haunting of the RMS Queen Mary and also go over the history of the ocean liner and possible reasons for why people believe it to be haunted or why it may actually be haunted.
Notes on the Decline and Changing Fortunes of Singapura (1400-the early 19thC)LLoyd Yeo
This set of notes are for Sec One History Students on the History of Singapore. Focusing on Singapore in 1400 to the early 19th century. It looks at Singapore when it was part of the Malaccan Sultanate to the period when Portugal and later the Netherlands establsiehd themslves as early colonial rulers in Southeast Asia. It also takes a look at Singapura when it was part of the Johor-Riau Sultanate and the Malay Kingdoms if the period.
A British warship sank in New York City waters possibly carrying millions in payroll gold in 1780. Despite tantalizing clues, including a canon from the ship held by the city the treasure, if it exists, has never been found.
D85 digital magazine november 2013- first annual issueSaleem Khanani
DMC CLASS OF 1985 DIGITAL MAGAZINE
FIRST ANNUAL ISSUE
NOVEMBER 2013
EDITED BY: SALEEM A KHANANI AND SAMEENA KHAN
DEDICATED TO THE FIRST COUPLE OF OUR CLASS MOAZZAM AND SHEHLA ABID ON THEIR 30TH WEDDING ANNIVERSARY
A monthly digital production of the Dow Medical College Class of 1985.
A special tribute to two teachers: Professor Mohammad Akram and Professor Salma Akram
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the properties, composition, and structure of elements and compounds, how they can change, and the energy that is released or absorbed when they change.
A few years ago, while working at an ad agency in Toronto, after telling a co-worker about my interest in history, and specfically "the mysteries of history", he challenged me to write a movie about one story in particular: the fact that Columbus did not simply decide to sail across the ocean blue to see what was on the other side of the world, but he had a map - one he had obtained from a sea captain. We now know Vikings had explored North America's eastern shores, and it is likely the Chinese had likewise explored the West Coast, long before 1492. I thought, based on what I had read, that the story of Columbus and his various voyages would make a great movie.
16 386 Chapter Outline Global Maritime Expansion B.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
16
386
Chapter Outline
Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450
> What were the objectives and major accomplishments of the voyages of exploration
undertaken by Chinese, Polynesians, and other non-Western peoples?
European Expansion, 1400-1550
> In this era of long-distance exploration, did Europeans have any special advantages over
other cultural regions?
Encounters with Europe, 1450-1550
> What explains the different nature of Europe's interactions with Africa, India, and the
Americas?
Conclusion
. • ENVIRONMENT + TECHNOLOGY Vasco da Gama's Fleet
• DIVERSITY + DOMINANCE Kongo's Christian King
Ferdinand Magellan Navigating the Straits Connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans This late·
sixteenth-century print uses fanciful representations of native peoples and creatures to embellish Magel
Ian's circumnavigation of the globe.
The Maritime Revolution, to 1550
I
n 1511 young Ferdinand Magellan sailed from Europe around the southern tip of
Africa and eastward across the Indian Ocean as a member of the first Portuguese
expedition to explore the East Indies (maritime Southeast Asia). Eight years later,
this time in the service of Spain, he led an expedition that sought to reach the East
Indies by sailing westward. By the middle of 1521 Magellan's expedition had achieved
its goal by sailing across the Atlantic, rounding the southern tip of South America,
and crossing the Pacific Ocean-but at a high price.
Of the five ships that had set out from Spain in 1519, only three made the long
passage across the vast Pacific. Dozens of sailors died from starvation and disease
during the voyage. In the Philippines, Magellan, having survived numerous mutinies
during the voyage, died in battle on April 27, 1521, while aiding a local ruler who had
promised to become a Christian.
To consolidate their dwindling resources, the expedition's survivors burned the
least seaworthy of their remaining three ships and consolidated men and supplies. In
the end only the Victoria made it home across the Indian Ocean and back to Europe.
Nevertheless, the Victoria's return to Spain on September 8, 1522, was a crowning
example of Europeans' determination to make themselves masters of the oceans.
A century of daring and dangerous voyages backed by the Portuguese crown had
opened new routes through the South Atlantic to Africa, Brazil, and the rich trade
of the Indian Ocean. Rival voyages sponsored by Spain since 1492 opened new con
tacts with the American continents. A maritime revolution was under way that would
change the course of history.
This new maritime era marked the end of a long period when Asia had initiated
most overland and maritime expansion. Asia had been the source of the most useful
technologies and the most influential systems of belief. It was also home to the most
powerful states and the richest trading networks. The success of Iberian voyages
of exploration in the following century would redirect t ...
Talk sponsored by Historic Port of Washington group for 2016 Washington Marine Market on the downtown waterfront. Lecture held at the NC Estuarium on Water Street. 22 slides reviewing Age of Sail from 16th c. to early 20th c. with a focus on maritime history of Washington Second speaker was Rick Zablocki on the Pamlico Age of Steam (his slides not included here but hopefully will be at a later date on the hpow.org website). .
An English translation of خلاصه تعبير كى غلطى by Maulana Wahiudin Khan by Dr. Salem A KHANANI. This book was written as a response to a book by Maulana Maududi Four Basic Quranic Terms.
Mohammad Akram Kunjahi known as Ghaneemat Kunjahi was an accomplished Persian poet. This is his collection of poetry. He also wrote a masnavi Nairang-e-Ishq.
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Create a Seamless Viewing Experience with Your Own Custom OTT Player.pdfGenny Knight
As the popularity of online streaming continues to rise, the significance of providing outstanding viewing experiences cannot be emphasized enough. Tailored OTT players present a robust solution for service providers aiming to enhance their offerings and engage audiences in a competitive market. Through embracing customization, companies can craft immersive, individualized experiences that effectively hold viewers' attention, entertain them, and encourage repeat usage.
Experience the thrill of Progressive Puzzle Adventures, like Scavenger Hunt Games and Escape Room Activities combined Solve Treasure Hunt Puzzles online.
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
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Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
240529_Teleprotection Global Market Report 2024.pdfMadhura TBRC
The teleprotection market size has grown
exponentially in recent years. It will grow from
$21.92 billion in 2023 to $28.11 billion in 2024 at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.2%. The
teleprotection market size is expected to see
exponential growth in the next few years. It will grow
to $70.77 billion in 2028 at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 26.0%.
4. GUEST EDITORIAL
i FARRUKH HASHMI D85
I received the TIME magazine in the mail today and it is a special edition. It has given the list
of TOP 100 influential people of the world that includes Giants like Obama, the President of
the most power country in the world and also The Pope, the most powerfulr eligious leader
of more than 1 billion people! The list also has names like LeBaron and Justing Timberlake,
Aung Suu Kyi as well as Mr. Biden and Kim of N.Korea.
But the fascinating thing is the 15-year old girl on the cover page. Yes Malala Yousufzai
was selected to lead these 100 most influential people of the world by being on the cover
page.. It is an honor to her, her family and her cause, while it is also a slap on the face of all
those who are against the education of girls and freedom of education, and all those who
support oppressors. Its also a Slap on the face of Talibans and their supporters which
include many politicians of Pakistan who want to negotiate with these barbarians rather
than standing up against them
Good Job Malala, may Allah always protect you and bless you!
Good Job TIME magazine for acknowledging her struggle and stand.
فيض احمد فيض
ہے کہتا خیال پیہم سے دل
پل اش زودگی ہے شیریں اتىی
والے گھولىے زہر کا ظلم
کل وہ آج گے سکیں ہو کامراں
شمعیں کی وصال ِيگا جلوي
کیا تو اگر چکے بھی بجھا وي
جاویں ہم تو کریں گل کو چاود
5. SOMETHING WORTH SHARING
More images
FARSI CORNER SHARED BY FATEMAH SALIMIAN
One of the simplest ways to happiness
is to remove the things that cause the
most discomfort.
Sometimes the most beautiful lips hide
the deepest secret. The prettiest of eyes
shed the most tears and the most
compassionate of hearts feel the most
agonizing pains.
6. DOGANA 2013
FARRUKH, WAMIQUE AND NASIR FARID
MUNIBA SAMI WITH ZEBA
SHEHNAZ
SAM KHAN AND HER WORLD
SHEHLA AND SANA
7. Manora: A journey through history
Sohail Ansari Dow 1983
Little is known about Karachi before 1839.
Manora figures in the accounts written by Alexander's generals after his invasions. These accounts
refer to Manora as Morontobara. Some called it Bibakta. According to Greek accounts, after his
exploits in the Upper Indus Valley, Alexander camped for some time at Patala (present day
Hyderabad). From here the major part of his army under Alexander's personal command took the
land route to Persia via Makran. While his naval contingents under the command of his Admiral,
Nearchus, took the sea route from present day Manora via the Arabian Sea to Persia and
Mesopotamia. Some Greek historians refer to as Alexander's Haven (probably Bhambore), being
the organisational hub for naval forces with their first stop at Manora.
The Arab forces under Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh and it became an Arab „province‟,
first in the Umayyad Empire and later in the Abbasid Empire. All through the 300-year rule of the
Arabs, Debal was the main port through which trade was conducted with the Far East as well as
with the West. Debal (which according to some references was at the site of Bhambore) was
located on the right bank of Gharo Creek about 64 kilometers east of Karachi. Manora is located at
the entrance of the Creek and all vessels entering or leaving Debal used to stop at Manora Island.
According to the British historian Eliot, parts of city of Karachi and the island of Manora at port of
Karachi constituted the city of Debal. But that is open to debate as to the exact location.
Nevertheless, Manora still was as strategic even in those days.
Manora was noted in a collection of 16th century Turkish sailing directions. The island was visited
by Ottoman admiral Seydi Ali Reis who mentioned it in his book „Mir'ât ül Memâlik‟ in 1554. Karachi
was transformed from a fishing village to a trading post under the Kalhora and Talpur rulers of
8. Sindh in the 18th century and in 1797 a mud fort was also built in Manora. The island which was the
site of this small fort served as a port of Karachi for trade with Oman and Bahrain. However,
Karachi remained modestly sized until the British conquest of Sindh in 1843.
The arrival of British:
Sir Alexander Burns had long recommended that Kurrachee should be the first point to be occupied
and in January 1839, Colonel Pottinger also said that a force must go to Kurrachee and take
possession of that place. H.M.S. Wellesley set sail with Rear Admiral Frederick Maitland,
Commander in Chief on board to conduct the operations. The land forces were under the command
of Brigadier Valliant. Consequently, the British took over Karachi in 1839, i.e. four years earlier than
rest of the Sindh. The pretext was that a gun was fired from the Manora Fort on their ship. It is
controversial whether the gun was actually fired or not; and if it was, whether it was an actual act of
belligerency, or a mistake, since the Manora Fort was grossly ill equipped for combat at the time.
The fort was completely smashed to smithereens by the bombardment of the British flagship
74-gun H.M.S. Wellesley. The next day (3rd February 1839) the Killadar (commander) of the fort,
Wasul Ben Butcha, hoisted the white flag and the island was taken. The remnants of the fort are
now part of a naval installation. The strategic position of the island was, thus, very well recognised.
Naomul in his memoirs writes, „I got a letter from Karachi stating that a number of British ships of
war had arrived at the Fort and opened such heavy fire on the Port at Manora that within the space
of three hours they had levelled down the western arm of the fort, that the thick smoke arising from
the cannon had spread like a, dark cloud over the town and changed daylight into night.‟
The reasons why I have chosen to commence with Manora Island are, firstly, it was the point of
entry for the British to take over Sindh but mor eso, secondly, as it was them who recognised the
trading and military potentials of Karachi raising it to a city of magnificence with cosmopolitan and
multi ethnic colours. Hence, the arrival of Wellesley heralded the change of a swampy backwater
town into one of the major port cities of the world.
Bradshaw's description (around 1850's):
'The entrance to the harbour is marked by a craggy limestone height on its west side, looking like an
island in the distance, about one mile long, and 130 to 150 feet high, which shelves down to a
swamp, overflowed by every tide. On the top of this is Fort Manhora, or Munora, with a lighthouse
about half a mile from it and a new burial ground. Here the British forces under Sir John Keane
landed, 2nd February, 1839 from H.M.S. Wellesley, and summoned the garrison. Upon their refusal
to surrender she fired a broadside, which opened a breach in the mud walls; through this the
soldiers entered, and found the garrison to consist of only a few natives. However, capture of this
fort was followed by the surrender of Kurrachee, and all the districts around.'
A W Hughes describes in his report (1876)
'It was one of the first acquisitions secured by the British by the capture of Manora fort in 1839, and
its conquerors saw at once the importance of its position.'
He gives a graphic description of Manora:
'The first object that arrests the attention of the traveller approaching Karachi from the sea is
Manora head with its light house (having a fixed light 120 feet above sea-level), visible on a clear
day upwards of 17 miles, but only from 7 to 9 miles in the thick and hazy weather of the south-west
monsoon. Manora, which is one of the quarters of Karachi municipality, is the residence of master
attendant, who lives in the fort (said to have been erected in 1797). The port and pilot
9. establishment, the Superintendent of the Harbour Improvement Works, and his large
establishment, as also a portion of the Indo-European Electric Telegraph Department, reside here.
It possesses, in addition to a library, billiard room, and European and Eurasian school, a small
church (Protestent) intended for the crews of vessels frequenting the harbour as well as for the
residents at Manora. An annual fair, lasting three days, is held at Manora, in the month of March, in
honour of a venerable „Pir‟ (saint) said to be buried here under very miraculous circumstances. It is
largely attended by people from different parts of the province. The place, owing to its healthy
situation, is an occasional resort for invalids from Karachi; but the limited area available, coupled
with the scarcity of fresh water, which has to be brought all the way from Karachi, prevent persons
from visiting it frequently for change of air. The population of this suburb of Karachi by the census of
1872 was found to be 824.'
Karachi owes much to its former governor, General Sir Charles Napier (1843-47), and to its
commissioner, Sir Bartle Frere (1851-59). Napier was the one who gauged the potential of
Karachi. He installed a powerful lighthouse at Manora Point, and planned to make Karachi a free
port by widening the entrance to the harbour, constructing docks, and connecting the island of
Kiamari to Karachi. The village of Karachi quickly turned into a city, making true the famous quote
by Napier who is known to have said about it: „Would that I could come again to see you in your
grandeur!‟
The British set up a cantonment on Manora which served as a military base and residential area. It
was handed over to Pakistan Army in 1947 and still exists.
The Karachi Sailing Club was founded in 1911 by Mr. Punnett of the Customs Service who was its
first Commodore. The Club premises were originally situated at Manora and came into existence in
1912. The building was massively extended in 1925. The club stayed there until 1944 when a new
accommodation was found at West Wharf.
KARACHI SAILING CLUB
10. Mutiny:
About a century following the invasion of Sindh, on the 18th of February 1946, mutiny broke out on
board the Royal Indian Navy sloop, H.M.S. Hindustan stationed at Manora. The ship and the shore
establishments were taken over by the mutineers. When ordered to debark the mutineers refused,
but finally surrendered after a brief firefight with the 15th (King's) Parachute Battalion, supported by
four 75mm pack howitzers of C Troop, 159 Parachute Light Regiment, Royal Artillery. The
Battalion of the Black watch was called from their barracks in Karachi to deal with this mutiny on
Manora Island. Several ratings from shore establishments had taken over the Hindustan and
refused to leave and began firing on anyone who tried to board the ship. At midnight, the Battalion
was ordered to proceed to Manora as trouble was expected from the Indian naval ratings who had
taken over the shore establishments H M S Bahadur, Chamak and Himalaya and from the Royal
Naval AA school on the island. The Battalion was ferried silently across in launches and landing
craft. D company was the first across, and they immediately proceeded to the southern end of the
island to Chamak. The remainder of the Battalion stayed at the southern end of the Island. Next
morning the astonished to residents woke to find British soldiers had once again secured the
island. No one had heard them arrive in the night. The British realised that the men of the defence
forces could not be relied and that their grip on India was getting very shaky. Those and for other
external and domestic reasons, as the movement for independence gained momentum, they
announced a cabinet mission to work out the details of independence. Following
independence, HMS Hindustan was transferred to Pakistan Navy in 1948 and renamed Karsaz.
HMS Hindustan
The three monuments on the island worthy of mentioning are the light house, a church and a
mandir.
The lighthouse:
The Manora Lighthouse was originally erected in 1851 as a 50-foot tower with a focal plane 120
feet. In 1889 it was replaced, at the same place, by the current 91 feet high Lighthouse with a focal
plane 148 feet. It was opened for the general public on 1
st
April 1889. The designs for the lighthouse
tower were proposed in 1887 by the Port Engineer‟s Office. It is made up of stone masonry with red
and white horizontal bands. The lighthouse was part of ongoing improvements to the harbour
necessitated by an increase in the number of ships carrying goods and troops to and from the
sub-continent. The Port Trust (established 1887) replaced the Harbour Board (established 1879).
This tower was altered (and raised in height) in 1908 and was equipped with four Convex lens
which are Hyper radiant Fresnel lens; the lens are connected with a rotator machine and previously
an oil lamp was kept in between the lens and it gave very powerful light which was visible from 25
nautical miles, now electrical lamp is used for the light house. The lens was built by the Chance
11. Brothers Company in England and it has four bull's-eye panels covering 90 degrees each. The
same optical set-up is used to date. Its white flash is timed every 7.5 seconds; range 26 nautical
miles. Manora‟s lighthouse is said to be the tallest in the country.
The Mandir:
There is a Hindu temple named Varun Dev Mandir at the Manora Island. The temple is devoted to
Varuna, the god of the oceans in Hindu mythology. The exact year of the temple's construction or
foundation is not known (it may be thousands of years old) but it is widely believed that the current
structure was built in around 1917–18. Today, the temple is in a dilapidated state as humid winds
are eating into the structure and the rich carvings on the walls of the temple are slowly eroding. A
well inside the temple had sweet water. The last ritual was held in the 1950s, as at present the
building is not used for worship.
12. In the sixteenth century, a sailor named Bhojomal Nancy Bhatia discovered Manora island. He
bought the island from the Khan of Kalat who owned most of the land along the coastline. Bhatia
built the temple here with a lot of craft.
One of the gates has a plate in sindhi saying: “dedication from sons in the sacred memory of Seth
Harchand Mal Dayal Das of Bhriya”. Another plate there says 'these tiles are presented by Meghraj
and Issardas in sacred memory of their parents (father) Seth Verhomal Bulchand and mother Shri
Mithibai Phukka of Dadu Dist. 1-12-1940.'
Legend has it that the temple of „Kali Mata‟ (the goddess of evil) is also located somewhere on an
island near Karachi.
The Church:
St. Paul's Protestant Church was built in 1864 as a memorial to Charles Napier. The building was
completed within the year and the Church was consecrated in the year 1865. Construction costs
totalled 15,000 rupees, of which 4,000 rupees were contributed by the Government. The church is
located inside a walled compound adjacent to the Manora Lighthouse. The basic construction
material employed is yellow limestone, which was commonly used in most of the important public
buildings and other monuments constructed during the period of British rule in Sindh.
The limestone came from the Hands' Hill Quarries (located 3 miles from Karachi and 5
from Kiamari) and also the lower-grade but cheaper Manora conglomerate was used in its
construction. The exterior of St Paul's is a simple five bay structure. It features an Early English
13. architectural style, consisting of a nave, without aisles, a vestry and a small assembly hall. The
nave is 43 feet in length and 20 feet wide, with a height up to the tie beam of 20 feet. Whereas the
church's exterior is simple and traditional, the interior features a cathedral style ceiling of
wooden trusses. Further references to a gothic style of architecture include the church's four lancet
windows, as well as the three-light stained glass windows at its eastern end. It was designed to
seat 50 people.
In the early years of St. Paul's church, the congregation was mostly made up of area residents as
well as by the crews of the harbour vessels. The services were conducted by one of the
Government chaplains of the Karachi station every Sunday.
Picnics:
Gossip:
Now, to spice up, watch the clips about haunted caves of Manora.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_xnJsAWQR4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkB2mArr17U&feature=relmfu
14. SAMRINA HASHMI DOW 85
Dr Samrina Hashmi reviews healthcare promises in party manifestos for Elections
2013. This article was published in Dawn and is being reproduced with the author‟s
permission.
With elections just round the corner, almost all major parties have launched their
manifestos.
Nearly all political parties promise an increase in the health expenditure till the end
of 2018. The PML-N wishes to increase it three-fold to 2pc of the GDP, while the
PTI wishes to double it progressively. The PPP, MQM and ANP propose to
increase it to 5pc of the state spending (which prompts the question of why wasn‟t
it done in the last five years). The truth is that in the last five years, only political
postings were at the forefront.
All parties talk about preventive health and increasing health awareness through
media, provision of safe drinking water and sanitation, and sewage disposal. All
parties aim to eradicate polio by 2015 and intend to bring routine vaccination to
100pc by 2015 as well. Only the PPP talks about merging the subjects polio,
routine vaccination, lady health workers, mother and child care, malaria and
hepatitis control and family planning (FP) to create a consolidated and coordinated
public health programme. This was not done in the last five years, despite its being
in power. The government appointed administrators for all departments under
political pressure instead of hiring the available public health doctors (some with
foreign qualification) , who were later employed by WHO and Unicef.
All parties except the PML-N intend to bring population growth down to 1.6 by
2018, through consolidated family planning programmes, awareness and modern
FP methods. Only the PPP talks about the functional integration of health and
population welfare departments to ensure efficient service delivery. It is surprising
to note that this was also not done in the last five years.
15. All the parties have stressed upon reducing maternal and infant mortality by 2015
and de-centralisation of health services, strengthening of Basic Health Units
(BHUs), through public-private partnership, and the role of local councillors in the
management of BHUs. In this regard the PPP wishes to review the People‟s
Primary Health Initiative (PPHI). It also wishes to improve referral systems to
incorporate tertiary care along with integration of basic and tertiary care by
improving database linkages. The PML-N also wants semi-autonomous boards
comprising professionals and community to manage district government hospitals.
It has suggested autonomous board for medical colleges and teaching hospitals,
for better and transparent management.
All parties talk about national health insurance (NHI) schemes. The PML-N has
chalked out a comprehensive plan. The NHI can be availed of at the BHU, in
government hospitals or by general practitioners on concessional rates. It will be
free for children under 12, on condition that they are attending school full time (to
encourage education), for senior citizens and low-income families.
The PPP claims it will promote curative medicine by developing trauma, cardiac
and nephrology centres at local level. The MQM also talks vaguely about it. It also
talks about reforming medical education by increasing institutions, degree courses
and infrastructure of existing medical colleges, but there is no reference to
changing the medical curriculum to make it more suited to our needs.
The MQM talks about developing an administrative cadre in health to improve
health administration at the district and provincial levels. Unfortunately, this was
not implemented in these five years, although we had many officers who had been
trained in healthcare management and public health following MBBS. It also talks
about developing a service structure to make the health sector attractive for
medics and paramedics to stay and serve in the country. It wishes to give
incentives for promoting private practice in government institutes.
All these ideas have been around for years but were never implemented. There
was no political will to improve the condition of public health. Our leaders were
more interested in the purchase of machinery (as it involves kickbacks), posting
their near and dear ones and politically affiliated doctors as heads and project
directors. Most of these officers belong to a lower cadre than required for the posts
and had no training in health management systems or public health. How do we
believe that they will deliver this time round?
16. DOW 85 IN PICS IN OUR GOLDEN YEARS
D85‟S SHINING FACES WITH PROFESSOR MOHAMMAD AKRAM AND PROFESSOR SALMA AKRAM
Inayat Ali Khan and Mansoor Pirzada in Mecca
17. BAKHTIAR KIDWAI
We have always known Bakhtiar as a man of many talents and possessing an
exquisite literary taste. However, he was able to hide some of his talents from most of
us. Only recently has he decided to share another one of his hidden talents: poetry. It
came as a pleasant surprise to me when Bakhtiar posted the following verses that
display artistry and maturity.
With his kind permission the editors are delighted to introduce Bakhtiar Kidwai the
poet.
چھوڑا کر غلط کو غم دیا ساتھ نے رنج
نجات سے غم کبھی نہ ہوگی کہ تھے خائف ہی یوں
کو لوگوں بہت کا فصاحت ہے ٰدعوی تو یوں
بات کی کام کوئ کو ان نہیں لفاظی ہے سب
تمہیں سمت اک ہر تو دیکھو جو سے نظروں میری
ذات کی یار حسیں میرے نظر ِپیش گی آۓ
صیاد نکال تو وه محسن جسے مانا نے ہم
گھات ہوۓ لگاۓ تھا بیٹھا وه کہ تھی خبر کیا
لی۔ کے پرستش نے انساں ،گ۔ اٹھ شکن بت
منات و دیےپھرالت کر کھڑے حاضرمیں دور
Please Pray For Sam's Mother and for Sam and her family
Assalam-o-alaikum D85 Family,
Our co-editor Sam Khan's mother Mrs. Aisha Jameel is seriously ill and
fighting for her life. May I humbly request prayers of health for her from
all of us all over, including special prayers of health for her at the
Hermain if anyone plans to visit the holy places?
May Allah also give strength to Sam and her wonderful family to keep
the hopes alive and help the family matriarch!
18. SARAH CHAUDHARY DOW 1985
Today
My neighbor’s wife and kids are away, he is home alone and what does he decide to do...dig up and
redo his front drive.
So nice of him to do this and not worry his lovely family... the neighbors...well not so much, the
noise has been persistent and oft time deafening.
The jack hammers, the earth movers start at 6am and go on till late. Today seems like what they call
in the building trade “a really big job day", how do I have this inside information? Well the noise is
louder of course, lot of excited shouting in mandarin and strine, but the real rather subtle clue is that
the close is full of really big trucks and cement mixers... Elementary my dear Watson!
Rashid before he left for work gave me very specific instructions how to reverse out of my own drive
way given the unusual traffic on our quite street. I listened carefully taking mental notes. Five
minutes after he left I happen look at my phone and almost on que it rings. "Who could it be?" I
think, actually no I don’t, because Rashids' picture comes up on the screen. He just wants to talk
about reversing down the drive again given his own recent experience of reversing out. Dutifully I
listen again, this time taking quick notes on the back of my(large-ish) Amex bill...
Soon with great trepidation, I reverse out of our driveway and lo and behold its easy. No thumps
no clangs no running over a workman or two.
Five minutes later as I sit in the parking lot that is Beecroft road at this time of the morning the
phone rings again. You guessed it, its Rashid, he wants to know the exact details of my reversing
experience, this time helpfully reminding me today is garbage and recycle day and I was just lucky
that the council trucks weren't there at that critical time of my leaving home, thus making "the
reverse" even more challenging. By this time I am thinking I really should get some CME points off
Rashid for reversing without incident. Let’s see, there was the lecture, then the teleconference and
then a reinforcing activity with a quiz.
So I wait the completion of my neighbors drive and eagerly anticipate the challenge that will be
driving up into the garage tonight"
19. April 6, 2013 by Kunwar Idris
The following article is being published with permission from Sarah. It is written by
her father.
FRIENDSHIP WITH INDIA
JUST six months after independence, in a pictorial write-up on Pakistan, America’s
Life magazine noted that the newly born nation of 70 million desperately needed
India’s capital and industrial know-how to “supplement its faith in Allah and the
leadership of an ailing Jinnah”.
It has taken us six decades to pay heed to that advice. The belligerent past, however, keeps
haunting us as the population of the country grows faster than in most countries. At the
same time, scarce capital and skills flee the country to more profitable avenues abroad,
including to Pakistan’s former less-developed half.
At independence Pakistan’s eastern wing had more people than the four western provinces
put together. The population of Bangladesh now is 161 million against Pakistan’s over 180
million. The myth of Bengalis’ population growing rapidly thus stands exploded.
The threat to Pakistan’s survival, Life noted in its issue of January 1948, arose from
religious warfare and political instability. That threat led to discontent and the ultimate
separation of East Pakistan; the memory still haunts us, though less menacingly, in relation
to what is left of the country, particularly Balochistan.
Given that the grievances in the case of East Pakistan and Balochistan are similar in
essence, national thinking and state policy need to be recast to forestall yet another
catastrophe. That Balochistan is contiguous and sparsely populated should not be cause for
complacency. The question today is no longer of military conquest but of convincing the
people that their security and prosperity lie in a unified Pakistan and not in a series of
fiefdoms.
Religious violence and political instability accompanied the birth of Pakistan once the
Muslim League, left with no other choice but to take it or leave it, agreed to the partition of
Punjab, Bengal and Assam.
The partition of the three provinces weakened the secular forces and fostered schisms in a
predominantly Muslim population. Under a divided and dithering political leadership, the
civil servants and later the generals became the arbiters in a situation of recurring
instability and violence.
20. In the 1953 riots, the army had to be invited to intervene when the civil administration
could not control the violence. In the course of time the politicians became divided and
civil servants were weakened by ill-conceived reforms and politicisation, and the control of
state policy effectively passed into the hands of the armed forces.
The elections, lacking credibility, did not materially change that reality nor will the ones
now coming up because the factors that gave rise to religious violence and political
instability persist while evolving events suggest that they may even be aggravated. There
should be no delusions about it.
Pakistan shares its unrest and uncertainty with Afghanistan and to a lesser extent with the
Central Asian Republics and Iran, with whom it has little in common except religion,
which is more divisive and a source of greater violence in Pakistan than in its north-western
neighbours.
It will not be possible to effect any change in the political and economic direction of
Pakistan so long as the country remains embroiled in the conflicts of its neighbours. The
answer lies in a fundamental policy shift by promoting cultural and trade links with India.
Both would come naturally and easily.
Pakistan’s cultural and linguistic links with India are rooted in history and the trade routes
are diverse and economical. Communal frenzy caused by partition is over and the wounds
have healed. The Muslims of India as a community remain backward but, perhaps, suffer
much less discrimination and violence than the minority communities do in Pakistan.
Economically, India is growing faster than Pakistan and, unlike Pakistan, has never been
ruled by generals. A ready measure of the strength of the Indian economy, besides its faster
growth, is the value of its rupee. Two Pakistani rupees now buy one Indian rupee. Not long
ago both were at par.
Apart from the benefit of trade, firmly rooted democracy and a secular tradition, the dream
of an armed confrontation to wrest Kashmir stands buried forever.
To quote from The Economist, “India is poised to become one of the four largest powers in
the world by the end of the decade”. It has been the world’s largest importer of weapons for
five years. The option of jihad no longer exists. Free communication and trade is the
answer.
That is what the people want and army chief Gen Kayani has only endorsed it by a
declaration that internal terrorism is a greater danger to Pakistan than India. The terrorism
must abate with the eastern borders opened. If public opinion is hard to gauge, the call of
the general is clear.
25. POET OF THE MONTH BY MAHWASH GABA
Ahmad Faraz فراز احمدwas born on 12 January 1931 in Kohat and died 25 August 2008.
He was one of the greatest poets of 20
th
century. He studied Persian and Urdu literature at
Peshawar University, Pakistan. Later he became a lecturer there.
Faraz has been compared with great poet Faiz Ahmad Faiz and holds a unique position as one
of the best poets of current times. He developed a fine but simple style of writing which even
common people can easily understand.
Faraz developed interest in poetry from a young age. In an interview, he called how his father, once
bought clothes for him on Eid and he didn't like the clothes which were meant for him. But preferred
the ones meant for his elder brother. This led him to write his first couplet:
ےسلیسڑپکےںیہالےئواےطسےکبس
الےئےسلیجلبمکاکدیقیےیلریمےںیہ
Political
Ahmad Faraz was arrested for reciting poems that criticised military rulers in Pakistan during
the Zia-ul-Haq era. Following that arrest he went into a self-imposed exile. Maintaining a tradition
established by his mentor, the revolutionary Faiz Ahmad Faiz, he wrote some of his best poetry
during those days in exile. Famous amongst poetry of resistance has been "Mahasara".
He stayed for 6 years in Britain, Canada and Europe before returning to Pakistan, where he was
initially appointed Chairman Pakistan Academy of Letters and later chairperson of
the Islamabad-based National Book Foundation for several years. He has been awarded with
numerous national and international awards. In 2006, as a protest he returned the Hilal-e-Imtiaz
award that was given in 2004.
Faraz died from kidney failure in a local Islamabad hospital on 25 August 2008
A selection of his poetry is as follows