The document explores how culture and rationality shape perceptions of reality, particularly in relation to gender and sexuality, and highlights the differences between cultural identity and nationality. It discusses the adaptability of culture compared to instinct, emphasizing that cultural norms can change to promote justice, especially for women. Additionally, the text addresses microaggressions, gender biases in rational decision-making, and the impact of societal expectations on rational behavior.

1. CULTURE’S AND RATIONALITY

2. Learning Outcomes
Discuss how culture or rationality shape
people’s perception of reality;
State the effects of culture on a
person’s perception of gender and
sexuality; and
Explain how rationalities shape sexism
and discrimination.

3. WHAT IS CULTURE?
Cultures refers to the shared beliefs,
values, customs, behaviours, and
artefacts that characterize a group of
people or society.
It includes language, religion, cuisine,
social habits music, art, and more.

4. WHAT IS RATIONALITY
Nation refers to the status of belonging to
a particular nation, whether by birth or
naturalization. Its constitutes a legal
relationship between an individual person
and a state.

5. Difference between culture and
rationality
Cultural characteristics that define a person as
being a member of a specific group and can
include: language, accent, religion,
preferences or restrictions.
While nationality: The legal sense of belonging to
a specific political nation-state. Can include:
citizenship (birthright or naturalized), and nation
origin.

6. Instinct and culture
Human beings, unlike animals, are
not heavily dependent on instinct.
Humans possess systems of
meaning(a set of relationships
between one group like words,
behaviour, physical symbols) that tell
what is right or wrong, and good and
evil. Most of what people do is
shaped or determined by these
systems.

7. Culture can change
Culture is superior to instinct because it is malleable or
adaptable. it is both learned and inherited and readily
determines how one understands and acts. It is the main
difference between culture and instinct.
However, is that when cultural systems orient people to act in a
certain way that is harmful, individual tents to act destructively
to ward others without conscious decision.
 Culture can change when it systems of meaning no longer
serves human flourishing. We must understand how culture can
be changed so that the world becomes more just to women.

8. Microaggression
Hostile, derogatory, or negative
racial slights and insults that can
cause potentially harmful or
unpleasant psychological impacts on
the target person/group.

9. Culture relativism and rationality
Different cultures may have distinct
conceptions of what constitutes rational
thought.
It emphasizes understanding these diverse
perspectives without imposing one’s own
culture understands, acknowledging can
be culturally specific.

10. Cultural norms and gender roles
Different cultures have varying
expectations and norms regarding
gender roles.
For instance, some cultures may
emphasize traditional gender roles
that restrict opportunities based on
gender, impacting how rationality is
expressed or valued.

11. Gender and rational decision
making
Rationality can be influenced by gendered
socialization.
For example: societal expectations might affect
how individuals make decisions or how their
decision making processes are perceived.
Gender biases can also influence what is
considered rational behaviour in different
contexts.

12. Gender bias in Rationality
Gender biases can affect how rationality is
perceived and evaluated.
These aspects offer a nuanced view of how
cultures and rationality intersect, highlighting the
importance of considering gender and societal
influences in understanding rational behavior.

13. Critical reflection
At present, there is an awareness that
women are unfairly treated in society such
that their human flourishing, even their basic
survival as human beings, is threatened.