1. Learning,
Program Sharing
Evidence and
and Knowledge Production
Broader
Experience Application
Basic Requirements for Broader Application:
1. Clarify WHO needs to know WHAT and for what purpose (WHY)
2. Adopt/adapt a robust model or understanding of HOW
learning, acceptance, internalization and application happens in various
“partner” organizations and settings (they vary)
3. Then design strategies for HOW: for gathering evidence and
experience, knowledge
production, learning, sharing, acceptance, uptake, internalization, realig
nment and application

2. (as one robust model)
Ramalingam, B (2005) Implementing Knowledge Strategies: Lessons from international
development agencies. Working Paper 224, ODI.

3. Current Documents
Implicit Model: Tacit Assumptions:
• WHO: global and national policy • Long loop learning at upper
communities, USAID and INGOs levels (HOW)
• WHAT: Best Practices for • Focus on interventions and
implementing proven practices (vs processes)
interventions; influence of • Straightforward knowledge
contextual factors; how to production, learning, dissemin
adapt to context ation, acceptance, uptake, inte
• WHY: To spread and scale up rnalization, application
Best Practices and Interventions • Few/no parallel or competing
knowledge production and
promotion actors and
activities (there are silos
within silos)

4. The Tacit Model
Global
Regional
National
Provincial
District
Community
Projects x 10

5. A More Realistic Model
Global
Regional
National
Provincial
District
Community
Projects x 10

6. Some Bottom Lines
1. The Tacit Model has a role to play – testing interventions and
practices
But HOW this knowledge is produced and moved to broader
application must be based on a robust understanding of the
sociopolitical and organizational dynamics of
knowledge, learning, acceptance, internalization, alignment and
application
2. Contextual heterogeneity and complexities of implementation at
national and sub-national levels are not well-addressed in this
kind of evidence and this model - - -
For these purposes we need national and global learning/research
agendas related to the building of sub-national and local
capacities for collaborative (and cross-sectoral?) AAA processes