This document discusses cross-craft training (CCT) programs for maintenance workers. It argues that CCT is important for effective preventive maintenance, as workers need broad equipment knowledge to properly inspect systems. While most training focuses on single crafts, the author believes companies should take responsibility for CCT and define curriculums aligned with their needs. Workers should become journeymen in one craft first before cross-training, and companies should maximize all worker skills if CCT is done properly with defined competencies at each step. CCT should not be mandated without structure and should optimize both company and employee goals.
GD&T Training in Bengaluru (RT Nagar, Basaveshwara Nagar)CMS Computer
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing : Every Mechanical design engineer, machinists and QA engineer needs to understand the modern global language of Engineering Design. Among other modern practices, the knowledge of GD&T is considered to be a must for every mechanical engineer wanting to work in the global engineering platform. Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing (GD&T) is the modern standard of design. The GD&T standards for drawing and designing are published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME Y14.5) and ISO.
GD&T Training in Bengaluru (RT Nagar, Basaveshwara Nagar)CMS Computer
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing : Every Mechanical design engineer, machinists and QA engineer needs to understand the modern global language of Engineering Design. Among other modern practices, the knowledge of GD&T is considered to be a must for every mechanical engineer wanting to work in the global engineering platform. Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing (GD&T) is the modern standard of design. The GD&T standards for drawing and designing are published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME Y14.5) and ISO.
GD&T Training in Bengaluru (RT Nagar, Basaveshwara Nagar)CMS Computer
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing : Every Mechanical design engineer, machinists and QA engineer needs to understand the modern global language of Engineering Design
This is a 6 week Training report on the topic CNC and Autocad + Delcam + FeatureCam.
This training Report is Submitted by me after completion my 6 week training training in "Krishna Automation Industrial Training Center, Gurgaon".
All the information (Some Standard Values) given in this Training Report is Provided by the KITC , from where i got 6 week training
Introduction:
Objective:
Benefits of attending the course:
Learning Outcome:
In a fiercely competitive business environment of today, availability and reliability of productive assets is a key issue.
An emerging trend across industry is - outsourcing maintenance activities to contractors. Maintenance contracts are being used as an effective tool to manage and control the process of outsourcing aiming at deriving an economic and
efficient outcome from the service provider at the agreed levels of responsibility and performance.
To equip practicing managers and professionals with advanced concepts in managing Contracts, different types of
contracts and their application, learn the features, functions and benefits of Maintenance Contracts and contemporary
practices, the rationality of outsourcing maintenance and efficient management of a maintenance contract.
The course takes a wide sweep of Maintenance Contracts and Outsourcing activities.
This seminar introduces participants to the skills and knowledge areas of Maintenance Contracts &
Outsourcing of today, such as:
Understanding Outsourcing considerations
Contracting types, including Service Level Agreements (SLA)
Key Performance Indicators to monitor performance
Developing contracts – the contracting cycle
Negotiating skills
Continuous improvement and performance management: how to evaluate the performance with all parties involved
This training course will help to understand:
The issues and considerations for a rational decision-making on outsourcing maintenance
The process of selection of contractor, develop and negotiate a maintenance contract, defining of service levels,
monitoring and evaluation of the contractor performance
The types of contracts and a better understanding of the existing contracts used in your organization
A set of lectures, interactive discussions and group activity equip you with the tools to improve your contract
management skills
The knowledge of the concepts learned will help them improve the productivity of operations contributing to corporate
success
Over 11 Years of professional work experience.
7+ Yrs of Experience in MRTS & LRTS Railway Operations / Railway Safety / Accident investigation / HAZID / HAZOP / Risk Analysis / Safety Audits & Metro Rail Operations includes Depot, OCC, Rolling Stock, Train, Traffic & Station Operations.
Presently associated with L&T Mauritius Metro Rail Express Project, for Testing & Commissioning with Rail Operation & Rail Safety activities for 13 KM stretch out of 26 Km total. This is the most advanced Light Rail Project carrying out by L&T. Carrying out Test Like Static, Dynamic & Interface Tests for Rolling Stock, Track, Overhead Line Equipments , Signalling & Communication System, MEP System along with Depot & Mainline Operations.
Lastly managed Rail safety norms in L&T Metro Rail Hyderabad Limited (LTMRHL), MRTS elevated project of 72 km long with 64 stations, since more than 2 years.
Previously experienced in RATP-Veolia / Reliance Mumbai Metro Line 1 - MRTS project of 12 Km
in Operations & Rail Safety for 3.6 years.
For technical services and project people, the course gives an in site into the right selection of a machine, How to draft a
procurement specification of a compressor. They are exposed to the method of performance evaluation, understanding
performance curves operational issues like parallel operation and evaluate the machine performance from site operating data.
For Operational people, this course gives an exposure to understand surging, choking and off design operation of the
machine. Operational care required for the typical services will help them to understand the more reliable operation and help
them to take immediate corrective actions.
For maintenance people. they will get an exposure to the constructional aspects and help them to ensure proper assembly and diagnose the mechanical problems and those of the operational problems caused by mechanical malfunctioning.
GD&T Training in Bengaluru (RT Nagar, Basaveshwara Nagar)CMS Computer
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing : Every Mechanical design engineer, machinists and QA engineer needs to understand the modern global language of Engineering Design
This is a 6 week Training report on the topic CNC and Autocad + Delcam + FeatureCam.
This training Report is Submitted by me after completion my 6 week training training in "Krishna Automation Industrial Training Center, Gurgaon".
All the information (Some Standard Values) given in this Training Report is Provided by the KITC , from where i got 6 week training
Introduction:
Objective:
Benefits of attending the course:
Learning Outcome:
In a fiercely competitive business environment of today, availability and reliability of productive assets is a key issue.
An emerging trend across industry is - outsourcing maintenance activities to contractors. Maintenance contracts are being used as an effective tool to manage and control the process of outsourcing aiming at deriving an economic and
efficient outcome from the service provider at the agreed levels of responsibility and performance.
To equip practicing managers and professionals with advanced concepts in managing Contracts, different types of
contracts and their application, learn the features, functions and benefits of Maintenance Contracts and contemporary
practices, the rationality of outsourcing maintenance and efficient management of a maintenance contract.
The course takes a wide sweep of Maintenance Contracts and Outsourcing activities.
This seminar introduces participants to the skills and knowledge areas of Maintenance Contracts &
Outsourcing of today, such as:
Understanding Outsourcing considerations
Contracting types, including Service Level Agreements (SLA)
Key Performance Indicators to monitor performance
Developing contracts – the contracting cycle
Negotiating skills
Continuous improvement and performance management: how to evaluate the performance with all parties involved
This training course will help to understand:
The issues and considerations for a rational decision-making on outsourcing maintenance
The process of selection of contractor, develop and negotiate a maintenance contract, defining of service levels,
monitoring and evaluation of the contractor performance
The types of contracts and a better understanding of the existing contracts used in your organization
A set of lectures, interactive discussions and group activity equip you with the tools to improve your contract
management skills
The knowledge of the concepts learned will help them improve the productivity of operations contributing to corporate
success
Over 11 Years of professional work experience.
7+ Yrs of Experience in MRTS & LRTS Railway Operations / Railway Safety / Accident investigation / HAZID / HAZOP / Risk Analysis / Safety Audits & Metro Rail Operations includes Depot, OCC, Rolling Stock, Train, Traffic & Station Operations.
Presently associated with L&T Mauritius Metro Rail Express Project, for Testing & Commissioning with Rail Operation & Rail Safety activities for 13 KM stretch out of 26 Km total. This is the most advanced Light Rail Project carrying out by L&T. Carrying out Test Like Static, Dynamic & Interface Tests for Rolling Stock, Track, Overhead Line Equipments , Signalling & Communication System, MEP System along with Depot & Mainline Operations.
Lastly managed Rail safety norms in L&T Metro Rail Hyderabad Limited (LTMRHL), MRTS elevated project of 72 km long with 64 stations, since more than 2 years.
Previously experienced in RATP-Veolia / Reliance Mumbai Metro Line 1 - MRTS project of 12 Km
in Operations & Rail Safety for 3.6 years.
For technical services and project people, the course gives an in site into the right selection of a machine, How to draft a
procurement specification of a compressor. They are exposed to the method of performance evaluation, understanding
performance curves operational issues like parallel operation and evaluate the machine performance from site operating data.
For Operational people, this course gives an exposure to understand surging, choking and off design operation of the
machine. Operational care required for the typical services will help them to understand the more reliable operation and help
them to take immediate corrective actions.
For maintenance people. they will get an exposure to the constructional aspects and help them to ensure proper assembly and diagnose the mechanical problems and those of the operational problems caused by mechanical malfunctioning.
If you are thinking your operators are not important in helping with the management of asset reliability, think again. You cannot achieve an optimal state of asset reliability with the operators. This is a Great article on this topic.
Maintenance Skills Training for industry is a hot subject right now. In many areas of the country, companies are competing for skilled maintenance personnel.
“A Deloitte study found that the skills gap may leave an estimated 2.4 million positions unfilled between 2018 and 2028, with a potential economic impact of $2.5 trillion”
The skill level of the maintenance personnel in most companies is well below what industry would say is acceptable. In the past, I have been involved with the assessment of the skill level for hundreds of maintenance personnel in the U.S. and Canada and found 80% of the people assessed scored less than 50% of where they need to be in the basic technical skills to perform their jobs. The literacy level of maintenance personnel is also a problem. In some areas of the United States we find that up to 40% of maintenance personnel in a plant are reading below the eighth grade level. After performing the Gunning FOG index, we find the reading level for mechanical maintenance personnel should be the twelfth year level and electrical maintenance personnel the fourteenth year level (associate degree).
Advance maintenance & corrosion engineeringMarcep Inc.
ASSESSMENT OF THE GLOBAL COST OF CORROSION
The global cost of corrosion is estimated to be US$2.5 trillion, which is equivalent to 3.4% of the global GDP (2013). By using
available corrosion control practices, it is estimated that savings of between 15 and 35% of the cost of corrosion could be
realized; i.e., between US$375 and $875 billion annually on a global basis. These costs typically do not include individual safety
or environmental consequences. Through near misses, incidents, forced shutdowns (outages), accidents, etc., several
industries have come to realize that lack of corrosion management can be very costly and that, through proper corrosion
management, significant cost savings can be achieved over the lifetime of an asset.
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Damage mechanism affecting fixed equipmentsMarcep Inc.
This 2-day training consists of an interactive talk with live case studies and video presentation covering an in-depth industry topic. The speaker will cover from the overview of basic corrosion & degradation damage mechanism of equipment to proactive & dynamic approach for optimizing inspection with caution.
In order to maintain the safety and functionality of airplanes, aircraft maintenance engineering is important. Here we will explore the details of aircraft maintenance engineering, its responsibilities, the education and training required, the variety of career opportunities it offers, earning and job outlook, and the challenges and future trends in this industry. Wingsss College of aviation and technology is the best college for the Aircraft Maintenance Engineering.
Advanced Course in Electric Vehicle Design EngineeringSrishti Sikaria
This course offers a detailed technical explanation with design considerations of the EV powertrain components, how they work together, and how they compare to the internal combustion engine in value.
Learn More at - https://www.diyguru.org/course/advanced-ev-design-engineering/
Stanislaus United Soccer Club Development ApproachAntonio Reis
Stanislaus United Soccer Club is an organization dedicated to the development and growth of youth, most from disadvantaged areas, through the sport of soccer.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
1. By Antonio Reis.
Antonio Reis has been involved in both equipment design and industrial maintenance for
more than 20 years. Antonio Reis has provided maintenance services and personnel
training to various types of industries such as Metallurgical, Meat Packing, Food &
Beverage, Petrochemical, Automotive, Converting and Semiconductor. June 2004
Cross Craft Training.
Maintenance-training curriculum.
The consensus in manufacturing is that the most efficient maintenance programs focus on
preventive maintenance. However, there are plenty of horror stories about missing
delivery dates, inexplicable equipment breakdowns and low quality attributed to failures
in the maintenance function. Most likely, because preventive maintenance programs
depend much on the ability of the maintenance workers to inspect and diagnose the
working condition of the manufacturing equipment, and the skill level of the maintenance
workers is not always adequate.
If proper diagnostics can’t be done, the program rapidly becomes a burden to the
manufacturing process. Effective inspection and diagnoses require maintenance
personnel with cross craft skills and employers share most of the burden of training their
craftsman in a multitude of maintenance fields.
Do you feel you need to implement a cross-craft training program? How to
structure such program?
Equipment and facilities maintenance are essential necessities in any manufacturing
system regardless of size and complexity. One may argue that different types of
equipment require a different approach to maintenance in order to maximize reliability.
There are abundant attempts to define common standards that would establish guidelines
for the management and implementation of a maintenance curriculum that would satisfy
the needs of manufacturers regardless of the industry. This standard definition is difficult
since a maintenance worker able to effectively perform equipment maintenance in most
industry types needs a skill set comparable to that of a Master Mechanic.
(Master Mechanic is distinguished by responsibility to perform skilled maintenance,
modification, and repair of mechanical facilities and machinery components requiring
the skills of a machinist and welder as well as a journey mechanic. This individual
requires a working knowledge of several related skill fields such as plumbing, electrical,
welding, and machinist work.)
The fundamental goal of the maintenance function is to assure the reliability of the
manufacturing process. Most equipment designers and manufacturers promote reliability
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2. as a function of the equipment design. Reality shows that the matter is somewhat more
complicated and that reliability is a function of the operating environment.
Equipment wear is present in every operating environment. The degree of wear differs
depending on the on the component's ability to withstand the wear and tear, corrosion,
weakening, etc. expected during operation. A specific bearing has a very different life
expectancy, operating in a clean, non-corrosive, non-abrasive environment versus
operating on a steel mill “sand return” conveyor. Therefore, based on these observations,
to achieve optimum reliability, the maintenance function needs to focus on the
management of the deterioration of the equipment as to maintain the said equipment
within its design capabilities.
Since management of the equipment wear and tear is the primary objective of any
maintenance organization, the most important skill for the organization is the ability to
determine the level of wear of the equipment and to correlate it with the financial
implications in the manufacturing operation. This never-ending effort is the basic premise
for the existence of Preventive Maintenance (PM).
Preventive Maintenance (PM) is defined by some as: “The care and servicing by
personnel for the purpose of maintaining equipment and facilities in satisfactory
operating condition by providing for systematic inspection, detection, and correction of
incipient failures either before they occur or before they develop into major defects.” Or
“Maintenance, including tests, measurements, adjustments, and parts replacement,
performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring.”
It is a fact that the quality of the PM function is directly proportional to the ability to
inspect and detect either faulty equipment or symptoms that will lead to failure. To do
that the inspector needs to have a broad knowledge of equipment components (bearings,
linkages, motors, electric contactors, gauges, valves, solenoids, etc.) and measuring
instruments (electrical, mechanical, gases, temperature, vibration, etc.). The PM function
requires maintenance workers that can cross craft over several trades.
The formal education and training of maintenance workers are mostly based on a single
craft. This is understandable for economic and political reasons. A trade school can
provide better services if it specializes in a specific trade, trade unions are structured to
develop their membership skills in the specific trade, and in general, the reputation for
having a skill set and specific craft culture defines a trade, as well as the wages paid. A
welding trade school will not distinguish from other welding schools by offering courses
in electronics, and the electrician's union will not gain if it provides welding training to
its members. So it appears that the cross craft training is mostly an “on-the-job training”
phenomenon and occurs under the responsibility of the employers.
It is important that the executive management of a manufacturing organization defines a
training curriculum that will best align the organizational maintenance needs with the
2
3. education development of its maintenance workforce. First, we must characterize the
complexity of the manufacturing process. We are mostly concerned with the reliability
and precision requirements of the equipment in order to achieve the targeted quality and
product output. As an example, the individual equipment in a refinery is not very
complex, but because of the large number of equipment and the interdependency, the
process is considered a complex process. Fig 1 shows a graph listing various industry
types by the level of complexity. The ranking is based on my opinion and experiences
and not on published materials.
The various skill sets are arranged in order of relevance with respect to the manufacturing
process level of complexity. Fig 2 shows a graph listing the skill sets in terms of
specialization and education requirements. In order to reach journeyman in a specific
maintenance field, there are to both general education and craft related skills that must be
acquired. On one side, we have the general education that is part of the curriculum
provided at public schools, junior colleges, and universities. The specific trade education
is part of the curriculum provided by trade schools and other training programs such as
apprenticeship programs. Some trade schools provide both the general education and the
specific trade education.
Can or should a company rely on cross-crafted workers to solve their
maintenance problems instead of hiring craft masters?
Depends on the type of cross training and the quality of the curriculum. I suggest that the
main goal of maintenance training is that all workers achieve journeyman status in one
craft. With that in mind, one should become a journeyman before venturing into cross
training. Referring to Fig 2 cross training must include the acquisition of skills, both
general education and craft related. As an example, if an electrician chooses cross
training in welding, he must take a similar approach as the welder apprentice.
Continuation in the welding field would allow the cross training student to become a
journeyman welder. The training program should be developed in steps with defined skill
capability for each step and continuation of training should be optional. If this approach
is taken, than a company should maximize its resources and use all available skills. If
such approach is not taken, an unqualified worker performs the work, and the company
will suffer.
Should a company dictate what crafts are workers to train on?
Whenever possible the company should optimize both the needs of the maintenance
function and the employee career goals. However, some basic understanding needs to be
established. A good cross training curriculum is designed such that the company
investment return is immediate and, at least, partially solves the personnel resources of
the company. In other words, the electrician while training in the welding craft is a
3
4. welding apprentice. At times when not required as an electrician the worker must perform
as a welder’s helper. Following this philosophy, cross training of a journeyman plumber
in electronics to become an electronics tech, will not benefit the company in any aspect.
The worker needs several semesters of electrical and electronics theory among other
skills that are better taken by the employee on his own time. The worker would have
nothing to contribute to the maintenance function during the training, and the “on-the-
job” training represents an unnecessary risk for the company.
Should CCT be a mandatory requirement to work in the maintenance
department?
Maintenance workers must be encouraged to improve their skills. Every worker in the
maintenance department must be required to reach a certain level of proficiency in a
specified time limit. In my opinion, every maintenance worker should become a
proficient journeyman mechanic within two years of from start working in the
maintenance organization.
(Mechanic’s duties including but not limited to overhauling, repairing, adjusting and
servicing industrial equipment, and components; diagnoses trouble and determines
extent of necessary repairs; machines replacement components incidental to mechanical
repairs; oversees the repair work of other mechanics, demonstrates repair and
maintenance of equipment using hand tools; reports orally and in writing to superiors
regarding safety and health concerns encountered while performing required duties and
initiates corrective action where appropriate; maintains records of time materials, parts
and tasks performed).
If a worker can’t reach the above skill set within the specified time, the company should
move him out of the maintenance department. However, a worker, that meets the basic
requirements, should not be forced to be cross trained in any field he is not comfortable
working.
4