Reading and thinking strategies are cognitive tools that enhance comprehension by transforming reading from a passive activity into an active, analytical process. These techniques involve interacting with text through previewing, questioning, visualizing, and summarizing to deepen understanding, foster critical thinking, and improve retention across various text types. Key reading and thinking strategies are categorized by the stage of the reading process: Pre-Reading (Preparing to Read): Activating Prior Knowledge: Connecting the text to personal experiences or prior knowledge. Previewing/Surveying: Examining titles, headings, and images to predict content. Setting a Purpose: Defining why the text is being read. While-Reading (Active Engagement): Monitoring/Clarifying: Checking comprehension and using "fix-up" strategies (e.g., re-reading) when meaning is lost. Annotating/Underlining: Actively marking text for main ideas and keywords. Making Inferences: Reading "between the lines" to understand implicit information. Visualizing: Creating mental images of the text. Think-Aloud: Modeling thought processes out loud to analyze complex parts. Post-Reading (Reflecting and Analyzing): Summarizing: Condensing the main points in one’s own words. Questioning: Asking about the text's purpose, reliability, or bias. Retelling: Re-telling the story or information to check comprehension. Graphic Organizers: Using tools like Venn diagrams or story maps to structure information. These strategies are crucial for analyzing text, identifying patterns (like cause and effect, or comparison and contrast), and improving overall literacy skills. Speech acts are actions performed through language, categorized mainly into three types: Locutionary (the literal utterance), Illocutionary (the intended purpose like requesting, promising, or warning), and Perlocutionary (the actual effect on the listener, such as persuading or convincing). Philosophers like Austin and Searle further classified illocutionary acts into five categories: Assertives, Directives, Commissives, Expressives, and Declarations, detailing their function in communication. The Three Main Types of Speech Acts Locutionary Act: The physical act of saying something, including the words and their literal meaning (e.g., "It's cold in here"). Illocutionary Act: The speaker's intention or purpose in uttering those words (e.g., wanting someone to close the window). Perlocutionary Act: The actual effect or consequence the utterance has on the listener (e.g., the listener gets up and closes the window). Searle's Five Categories of Illocutionary Acts These categories describe the function or force of an utterance: Assertives (Representatives): Committing the speaker to the truth of the expressed proposition (e.g., stating, claiming, describing). Directives: Trying to get the hearer to do something (e.g., ordering, requesting, asking). Commissives: Committing the speaker to some future course of action (e.g., promisi

1. Critical Reading as
Reasoning

2. Prayer
Our father who art in heaven, Hallowed be thy
name. Thy kingdom comes. Thy will be done in
earth as it is in heaven give us our daily bread and
forgive us from our trespasses as we forgive those
who trespass us, and lead us not in temptation but
deliver us from evil Amen.

3. Objectives
At the end of the lesson the learner will be able
to
a) Identify assertions;
b) Formulate claim and;
c) Determine evidence.

4. Activity
Face your seatmate and critically
observe her/him in 2 minutes and
after that you are going to write what
you have observe in ½ crosswise

5. Based from the activity
What have you observed from your
partner?
Why do you think it is important for us to
study the way we critique and reason out?

6. Critical Reasoning
Critical reading is engaging in analytic activity which involves the reader by
asking questions about the text and the author’s claim. Critical readers are
doing the process of evaluating, analyzing, and interpreting the assertion of
the hidden meaning of the whole text.
While reasoning as defined by Merriam Webster dictionary is an act of giving
statements for justification and explanation. It is the ability of someone to
defend something by giving out reasons.

7. Critical Reasoning
Therefore, when reading critically, it is necessary to question
the different
arguments used by the author, as any problem can weaken
the authenticity of the conclusion.
Remember that Critical reading is not meant to criticize but to
assess the validity of textual evidence.

8. Steps Used in Critical Reading As Reasoning
1. Identifying assertions
Identify by a common type of assertion such as fact, convention,
opinion and
preference
2. Formulating counterclaim
Counterclaims are made to rebut a previous claim

9. Steps Used in Critical Reading As Reasoning
3. Determining evidence
Evidence is the details given by the authors to support his/her claims.
Example
You are asking your father for an android cellphone, that is your claim. Then
your father answers you. “No, you can’t!” this is his counterclaim.

10. He might say that you already have a cellphone.
Therefore when you are going to formulate reason
for the counterclaim, you should state the reason
why you are asking for an android cellphone. You
might say that you could use it in your online
classes because Android cellphone would be very
useful in this new normal classroom set-up.

11. Evaluation
Directions: I want you to find and read an article from
news papers or internet and try to evaluate analyze the
given text using the given dialogic journal template with
guided questions. Write your answer in a separate sheet
of paper and attached the article to you answer.

12. Activity
My Take away from
the Lesson.
How will I apply them
in my everyday life?

13. Assignment
In a ½ crosswise answer the following question in one paragraph
each.
1. What did you find most interesting and enjoyable in this
lesson?
2. What do you think is the relevance of the subject in the real
application?

14. Evaluation
Name: Date:
Tittle:
Author of the Article:
Questions Paragraph & Page no. Answer/ with supporting detail
What issue is given focus by the writer?
Is the writer able to take a clear stand on
the issue?
What is the writer’s purpose on writing
the article?
What is the writer’s tone why?
Does the writer assume the readers to
agree with his/ her stand?
What is the evidence presented by the
writer to support his/ her argument?