This document provides tips and instructions for using a PowerPoint presentation (PPT) for active learning sessions on medical topics. The key points are: - Slides can be freely edited, modified and personalized. - Many slides will be intentionally blank except for the title to allow for student input. - The instructor should first show blank slides to elicit what students already know, then show the content slide. - This process repeats to reinforce learning over three revisions. - The PPT can also be used for self-study. - Notes provide the bibliography sources.

1. Tips on using my ppt.
1. You can freely download, edit, modify and put your
name etc.
2. Don’t be concerned about number of slides. Half the
slides are blanks except for the title.
3. First show the blank slides (eg. Aetiology ) > Ask
students what they already know about ethology of
today's topic. > Then show next slide which enumerates
aetiologies.
4. At the end rerun the show – show blank> ask questions >
show next slide.
5. This will be an ACTIVE LEARNING SESSION x
three revisions.
6. Good for self study also.
7. See notes for bibliography.

2. Learning Objectives

3. Learning Objectives
1. Introduction & History
2. Relevant Anatomy, Physiology
3. Aetiology
4. Pathophysiology
5. Pathology
6. Classification
7. Clinical Features
8. Investigations
9. Management
10. Prevention
11. Guidelines
12. Take home messages

4. Introduction & History.
•

5. Introduction & History.
• Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is
defined as illness caused by a novel
coronavirus now called severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2; formerly called 2019-nCoV),
• First identified amid an outbreak of
respiratory illness cases in Wuhan City,
Hubei Province, China.

6. Introduction & History.
• It was initially reported to the WHO on
December 31, 2019. On January 30, 2020,
the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak
a global health emergency. [2, 3] On March
11, 2020, the WHO declared COVID-19 a
global pandemic,

7. Aetiology

8. Aetiology
• Idiopathic
• Congenital/ Genetic
• Nutritional Deficiency/excess
• Traumatic
• Infections /Infestation
• Autoimmune
• Neoplastic (Benign/Malignant)
• Degenerative / lifestyle
• Iatrogenic
• Psychosomatic
• Poisoning/ Toxins/ Drug induced

9. Aetiology
• Idiopathic
• Congenital/Genetic
• Traumatic
• Infections /Infestation
• Autoimmune
• Neoplastic (Benign/Malignant)
• Degenerative
• Iatrogenic

10. Aetiology
• Severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; formerly
called 2019-nCoV).

11. Aetiology of Aetiology
•

12. Aetiology of Aetiology
• Idiopathic
• Congenital/ Genetic
• Nutritional Deficiency/excess
• Traumatic
• Infections /Infestation
• Autoimmune
• Neoplastic (Benign/Malignant)
• Degenerative / lifestyle
• Iatrogenic
• Psychosomatic
• Poisoning/ Toxins/ Drug induced

13. Classification

14. Classification
• Asymptomatic
• Mild 81%
• Severe 14%
• Critical 5%
– ARDS
• Fatal 2.3%

15. Clinical Features
•

16. Clinical Features
• Demography
• Symptoms
• Signs
• Prognosis
• Complications

17. Demography

18. Demography
• Incidence & Prevalence
• Geographical distribution.
• Race
• Age
• Sex
• Socioeconomic status
• Temporal behaviour

19. Demography
• Incidence & Prevalence-

20. Demography
• Geographical distribution.

21. Demography
• Race.

22. Demography
• Age

23. Demography
• Sex

24. Demography
• Socioeconomic status

25. Demography
• Temporal behaviour

26. Symptoms

27. Symptoms
• Presentations of COVID-19 have ranged
from asymptomatic/mild symptoms to
severe illness and mortality.
• Mean incubation period to be 5.1 days 2
days to 2 weeks.

28. Symptoms
Common
• Fever
• Cough
• Myalgia
• Fatigue
Less-common
• Headache
• Sputum production
• Diarrhea
• Malaise
• Shortness of
breath/dyspnea
• Respiratory distress

29. Symptoms
• The most common serious manifestation of
COVID-19 appears to be pneumonia.
• A complete or partial loss of the sense of
smell (anosmia) has been reported as a
potential history finding . Its clinical
importance is questionable

30. Signs

31. Signs
• General Examination
• Systemic Examination
• Local Examination

32. Signs
• General Examination

33. Signs
• Systemic Examination

34. Signs
• Local Examination

35. Prognosis

36. Prognosis
• Morbidity
• Mortality rate
• 5 year survival in Malignancy

37. Investigations

38. Investigations
• Laboratory Studies
– Routine
– Special
• Imaging Studies
• Tissue diagnosis
– Cytology
• FNAC
– Histology
– Germ line Testing and Molecular Analysis
• Diagnostic Laparotomy.

39. Investigations
• Laboratory Studies
– Routine
– Special
• Imaging Studies
• Tissue diagnosis
– Cytology
• FNAC
– Histology

40. Investigations in Malignancy
•

41. Investigations in Malignancy
• For diagnosis
• For staging
• For Screening
• For Monitoring

42. Diagnostic Studies

43. Diagnostic Studies
Imaging Studies
• X-Ray
• USG
• CT
• Angiography
• MRI
• Endoscopy
• Nuclear scan

44. Management

45. Management
• Early Oxygen support
• No Steroids
• Conservative fuid management.
• Monitoring
• Co- Morbidities.
• Early communication
• Early mechanical ventilation
• No Lopinavir
• Hydroxychloroquine
• Azithromycin
• Tocilizumab
• Empiric Antibiotics

46. Mechanical Ventilation
• Low tidal volume 4-8ml/Kg
• Low plateau pressure <30cm of water
• High PEEP
• Permissive hypercapnoea
• Deep sedation
• Prone
• Target Spo2 90%

47. Prevention

48. Prevention
• Screening
• Risk reduction

49. Mythbusters
Myths Facts

50. Guidelines

51. Get this ppt in mobile
1. Download Microsoft
PowerPoint from play
store.
2. Open Google assistant
3. Open Google lens.
4. Scan qr code from
next slide.

52. Get this ppt in mobile

53. Get my ppt collection
• https://www.slideshare.net/drpradeeppande/
edit_my_uploads
• https://www.dropbox.com/sh/x600md3cvj8
5woy/AACVMHuQtvHvl_K8ehc3ltkEa?dl
=0
• https://www.facebook.com/doctorpradeeppa
nde/?ref=pages_you_manage