This document discusses various concepts in cost and management accounting. It defines cost accounting and its objectives like ascertaining product costs, valuing inventories, and providing data for planning. It also covers classifications of costs like functional, behavioral, and traceability. Specific costs discussed include fixed, variable, semi-variable, direct, indirect, budgeted, standard, opportunity and sunk costs. The document provides examples and explanations of these accounting concepts to help understand costing principles.