Este documento resume los suministros, fabricantes y servicios de alquiler de equipos para pruebas de producción de pozos petroleros que incluyen tuberías de casing, tubing, perforación y line pipe de fabricantes chinos y estadounidenses certificados por API, así como equipos como separadores trifásicos, tanques de medición, oficinas de laboratorio, equipos de fractura y almacenamiento ubicados en Bogotá, Colombia.
El documento describe el proceso de completación de pozos petroleros. Se inserta una tubería de acero (casing) en el pozo que se cementa a las paredes para sellar el espacio. Luego se perforan disparos para que el crudo ingrese al casing, y se inserta una tubería de producción más pequeña (tubing) por donde fluirá el crudo. Finalmente, una cabeza de pozo con válvulas regula el flujo y presión del crudo que sale del pozo.
Terminación y Reacondicionamiento de Pozosenzosedv
La terminación de pozos implica las actividades posteriores a la perforación para preparar el pozo para la producción. Estas actividades incluyen cementación, reperforación, cambio de fluidos, pruebas de evaluación e instalación del equipo de producción. Existen diferentes métodos de terminación como pozo abierto, entubado y baleado o con empaque de grava, dependiendo de factores como la productividad requerida y las características de la formación.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Este documento resume los suministros, fabricantes y servicios de alquiler de equipos para pruebas de producción de pozos petroleros que incluyen tuberías de casing, tubing, perforación y line pipe de fabricantes chinos y estadounidenses certificados por API, así como equipos como separadores trifásicos, tanques de medición, oficinas de laboratorio, equipos de fractura y almacenamiento ubicados en Bogotá, Colombia.
El documento describe el proceso de completación de pozos petroleros. Se inserta una tubería de acero (casing) en el pozo que se cementa a las paredes para sellar el espacio. Luego se perforan disparos para que el crudo ingrese al casing, y se inserta una tubería de producción más pequeña (tubing) por donde fluirá el crudo. Finalmente, una cabeza de pozo con válvulas regula el flujo y presión del crudo que sale del pozo.
Terminación y Reacondicionamiento de Pozosenzosedv
La terminación de pozos implica las actividades posteriores a la perforación para preparar el pozo para la producción. Estas actividades incluyen cementación, reperforación, cambio de fluidos, pruebas de evaluación e instalación del equipo de producción. Existen diferentes métodos de terminación como pozo abierto, entubado y baleado o con empaque de grava, dependiendo de factores como la productividad requerida y las características de la formación.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document describes a standardized test method for determining the adhesion of paint, varnish or other coatings. The method involves applying the coating to a test panel, then bonding dollies to the coated surface using an adhesive. The bonded assemblies are placed in a tensile tester and subjected to a controlled tensile test to measure the force required to break the coating-substrate bond. Test parameters such as dolly size, adhesive selection, substrate material, and coating application and drying are specified to standardize the test method. The results indicate the minimum tensile stress needed to detach the coating from the substrate.
This document provides standards for evaluating the performance of coal cleaning equipment. It defines key performance criteria such as feed rate, reference density of separation, and accuracy of separation. Standard test procedures and analytical methods are outlined to determine performance parameters like partition density, separation sharpness, distribution of correctly and incorrectly placed material, ash error, and yield error. The document also provides recommendations for presenting coal cleaning test data in a uniform manner to allow for comparison of performance levels.
This document discusses the history and evolution of inventory management. It begins with early merchants keeping handwritten records of products before the Industrial Revolution. Herman Hollerith then invented punch cards in 1889, allowing data to be recorded and read by machines. In the 1930s, Harvard University created a punch card system for businesses to track inventory and orders. However, this was too expensive and slow. In the 1960s, retailers developed barcodes to more efficiently track inventory, which were later standardized in 1974. As computers advanced, inventory management software in warehouses became popular in the 1990s and 2000s. The document then discusses definitions of inventory, types of inventory, purposes for holding inventory, costs associated with inventory, and inventory control and management.
This document provides an overview of an inventory control course. The course will cover deterministic and stochastic inventory models, including lot sizing models and extensions, reorder point determination, quantity discounts, and the Wagner-Whitin algorithm. It will also cover newsvendor models, period review models, multi-echelon models, and forecasting. The course content will analyze optimality of various inventory policies and production smoothing. It will provide an introduction to inventory management concepts and frameworks for modeling inventory systems.
The document discusses various aspects of product design and service operations management. It covers topics such as concept development, quality function deployment, concurrent engineering, process flow design, types of processes and facilities, service strategy and classifications, service system design, service recovery, service failsafing, and designing service systems. The document provides information on frameworks, tools, and considerations for product design and managing service operations effectively.
Operations management involves designing, operating, and improving systems that produce and deliver a firm's products and services. Studying operations management provides a systematic approach to organizational processes and can increase competitive advantage. Current trends include increasing exports, focus on productivity, and outsourcing of manufacturing and services. Key concepts are efficiency, effectiveness, and value. Operations management decisions must consider tradeoffs between factors like cost, quality, delivery, and flexibility.
This document provides an overview of strategic management concepts including:
- Defining a strategy as a business approach to generate successful competitive moves.
- The key questions in strategy of where the organization is, where it wants to go, and how it will get there.
- The tasks involved in strategic management like defining mission/objectives, crafting/implementing/evaluating strategy.
- Types of objectives including financial and strategic examples.
- Components of a strategic plan and examples of external/internal analysis tools like SWOT, Five Forces, and competitor analysis.
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 3 of Slack, Chambers and Johnston's Operations Management textbook. It discusses operations strategy, comparing it to operations management. Operations strategy involves longer timescales, higher levels of analysis and aggregation, and more abstract and philosophical decisions compared to operations management. The chapter also outlines different perspectives on operations strategy, including top-down, bottom-up, market requirements, and operations resources views. Finally, it discusses how competitive factors relate to different performance objectives.
This document contains practice problems related to productivity measurement. It provides the calculations to measure total factor productivity, multi-factor productivity, partial productivity, and labor productivity. It examines these measures for a clay pigeon corporation and car manufacturer. It also calculates labor productivity, multi-factor productivity, and the maximum labor rate that does not reduce productivity, given information on production units, labor hours, material costs, and selling prices.
The document discusses dynamic design for anchors subjected to fatigue loads. It defines fatigue loads as loads that occur in a large number of cycles, producing changes in stress that can decrease material strength over time. Fatigue relevant loads from multiple load cases must be considered together. Materials experience reduced strength under fatigue loading compared to static loads. Concrete and steel strengths both decrease after millions of cycles. Anchors subjected to frequent loading cycles may fail due to steel fatigue. Pretensioning anchors improves their behavior under dynamic loads by reducing the fatigue-relevant load in the anchor.
This document outlines requirements for fuel-oil piping and storage systems in New York City. It covers general provisions, material standards, joints/connections, piping supports, and fuel-oil system installation. Key points include:
- Systems must comply with chapter requirements and NFPA 31. Storage over 1,100 gallons also requires compliance with NY environmental regulations.
- Appliances must be designed for the type of fuel connected. Conversions require approval.
- Piping material standards include brass, copper, steel, and listed nonmetallic pipe. Joints must be approved for the application.
- Installation must include provisions for expansion/contraction, protection of piping/equipment, and requirements for supply/
Scheidt & Bachmann is a global solutions provider founded in 1872. It has grown from a mechanical engineering company into an international system integrator through continuous innovation and investment in technology and employee training. The company provides solutions for petrol stations, parking facilities, railways, and other industries. It offers a complete petrol station management package including dispensers, payment systems, and a central management system to control entire networks from a remote location.
This document contains the safety rules for working on electricity transmission and distribution systems owned by Qatar General Electricity & Water Corporation (KAHRAMAA). It outlines general safety policies, procedures for entering substations, employee duties to follow all safety rules, codes and obtain necessary permits. The document contains sections on operating procedures, safety rules for working on high voltage equipment, emergency response procedures and annexures. Safety is the top priority when working on or testing electrical equipment to ensure protection of workers and the public.
This document provides an overview and guidelines for project management of design and construction projects for Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU). It outlines roles and responsibilities for key parties including the System Office, College/University administration and project managers. It also summarizes the major phases of a project from initiation through closeout and provides a table of contents for the full manual.
This document provides an overview of construction contracting methods and contract types. It discusses the traditional Design-Bid-Build approach, as well as Design-Build, Turnkey, and Construction Management delivery methods. The major contract types covered are Lump Sum, Unit Price, Cost Plus, and variations like Cost Plus Fixed Fee and Cost Plus with a Guaranteed Maximum Price. For each, the document outlines the key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The course appears to cover construction documents, contracting, bidding processes, and contract conditions over multiple lectures.
Building construction manual btc nov_2013_enAYM1979
This document presents the Belgian development agency's strategy for constructing public buildings. It aims to guide project managers on implementation.
Part 1 outlines BTC's policy approach, which is holistic and focuses on quality over quantity. It describes the project stages from design to construction and roles/responsibilities.
Part 2 provides practical tools for building projects, including support measures, recruiting architects, selecting contractors, using sustainable materials, and ensuring designs consider women/disabled and cultures. It emphasizes achieving durable, optimized works.
Annexes include examples from tender documents to suit specific contexts, as legal frameworks vary. The document targets those formulating infrastructure projects and project managers without construction expertise.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
This document describes a standardized test method for determining the adhesion of paint, varnish or other coatings. The method involves applying the coating to a test panel, then bonding dollies to the coated surface using an adhesive. The bonded assemblies are placed in a tensile tester and subjected to a controlled tensile test to measure the force required to break the coating-substrate bond. Test parameters such as dolly size, adhesive selection, substrate material, and coating application and drying are specified to standardize the test method. The results indicate the minimum tensile stress needed to detach the coating from the substrate.
This document provides standards for evaluating the performance of coal cleaning equipment. It defines key performance criteria such as feed rate, reference density of separation, and accuracy of separation. Standard test procedures and analytical methods are outlined to determine performance parameters like partition density, separation sharpness, distribution of correctly and incorrectly placed material, ash error, and yield error. The document also provides recommendations for presenting coal cleaning test data in a uniform manner to allow for comparison of performance levels.
This document discusses the history and evolution of inventory management. It begins with early merchants keeping handwritten records of products before the Industrial Revolution. Herman Hollerith then invented punch cards in 1889, allowing data to be recorded and read by machines. In the 1930s, Harvard University created a punch card system for businesses to track inventory and orders. However, this was too expensive and slow. In the 1960s, retailers developed barcodes to more efficiently track inventory, which were later standardized in 1974. As computers advanced, inventory management software in warehouses became popular in the 1990s and 2000s. The document then discusses definitions of inventory, types of inventory, purposes for holding inventory, costs associated with inventory, and inventory control and management.
This document provides an overview of an inventory control course. The course will cover deterministic and stochastic inventory models, including lot sizing models and extensions, reorder point determination, quantity discounts, and the Wagner-Whitin algorithm. It will also cover newsvendor models, period review models, multi-echelon models, and forecasting. The course content will analyze optimality of various inventory policies and production smoothing. It will provide an introduction to inventory management concepts and frameworks for modeling inventory systems.
The document discusses various aspects of product design and service operations management. It covers topics such as concept development, quality function deployment, concurrent engineering, process flow design, types of processes and facilities, service strategy and classifications, service system design, service recovery, service failsafing, and designing service systems. The document provides information on frameworks, tools, and considerations for product design and managing service operations effectively.
Operations management involves designing, operating, and improving systems that produce and deliver a firm's products and services. Studying operations management provides a systematic approach to organizational processes and can increase competitive advantage. Current trends include increasing exports, focus on productivity, and outsourcing of manufacturing and services. Key concepts are efficiency, effectiveness, and value. Operations management decisions must consider tradeoffs between factors like cost, quality, delivery, and flexibility.
This document provides an overview of strategic management concepts including:
- Defining a strategy as a business approach to generate successful competitive moves.
- The key questions in strategy of where the organization is, where it wants to go, and how it will get there.
- The tasks involved in strategic management like defining mission/objectives, crafting/implementing/evaluating strategy.
- Types of objectives including financial and strategic examples.
- Components of a strategic plan and examples of external/internal analysis tools like SWOT, Five Forces, and competitor analysis.
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 3 of Slack, Chambers and Johnston's Operations Management textbook. It discusses operations strategy, comparing it to operations management. Operations strategy involves longer timescales, higher levels of analysis and aggregation, and more abstract and philosophical decisions compared to operations management. The chapter also outlines different perspectives on operations strategy, including top-down, bottom-up, market requirements, and operations resources views. Finally, it discusses how competitive factors relate to different performance objectives.
This document contains practice problems related to productivity measurement. It provides the calculations to measure total factor productivity, multi-factor productivity, partial productivity, and labor productivity. It examines these measures for a clay pigeon corporation and car manufacturer. It also calculates labor productivity, multi-factor productivity, and the maximum labor rate that does not reduce productivity, given information on production units, labor hours, material costs, and selling prices.
The document discusses dynamic design for anchors subjected to fatigue loads. It defines fatigue loads as loads that occur in a large number of cycles, producing changes in stress that can decrease material strength over time. Fatigue relevant loads from multiple load cases must be considered together. Materials experience reduced strength under fatigue loading compared to static loads. Concrete and steel strengths both decrease after millions of cycles. Anchors subjected to frequent loading cycles may fail due to steel fatigue. Pretensioning anchors improves their behavior under dynamic loads by reducing the fatigue-relevant load in the anchor.
This document outlines requirements for fuel-oil piping and storage systems in New York City. It covers general provisions, material standards, joints/connections, piping supports, and fuel-oil system installation. Key points include:
- Systems must comply with chapter requirements and NFPA 31. Storage over 1,100 gallons also requires compliance with NY environmental regulations.
- Appliances must be designed for the type of fuel connected. Conversions require approval.
- Piping material standards include brass, copper, steel, and listed nonmetallic pipe. Joints must be approved for the application.
- Installation must include provisions for expansion/contraction, protection of piping/equipment, and requirements for supply/
Scheidt & Bachmann is a global solutions provider founded in 1872. It has grown from a mechanical engineering company into an international system integrator through continuous innovation and investment in technology and employee training. The company provides solutions for petrol stations, parking facilities, railways, and other industries. It offers a complete petrol station management package including dispensers, payment systems, and a central management system to control entire networks from a remote location.
This document contains the safety rules for working on electricity transmission and distribution systems owned by Qatar General Electricity & Water Corporation (KAHRAMAA). It outlines general safety policies, procedures for entering substations, employee duties to follow all safety rules, codes and obtain necessary permits. The document contains sections on operating procedures, safety rules for working on high voltage equipment, emergency response procedures and annexures. Safety is the top priority when working on or testing electrical equipment to ensure protection of workers and the public.
This document provides an overview and guidelines for project management of design and construction projects for Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU). It outlines roles and responsibilities for key parties including the System Office, College/University administration and project managers. It also summarizes the major phases of a project from initiation through closeout and provides a table of contents for the full manual.
This document provides an overview of construction contracting methods and contract types. It discusses the traditional Design-Bid-Build approach, as well as Design-Build, Turnkey, and Construction Management delivery methods. The major contract types covered are Lump Sum, Unit Price, Cost Plus, and variations like Cost Plus Fixed Fee and Cost Plus with a Guaranteed Maximum Price. For each, the document outlines the key characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The course appears to cover construction documents, contracting, bidding processes, and contract conditions over multiple lectures.
Building construction manual btc nov_2013_enAYM1979
This document presents the Belgian development agency's strategy for constructing public buildings. It aims to guide project managers on implementation.
Part 1 outlines BTC's policy approach, which is holistic and focuses on quality over quantity. It describes the project stages from design to construction and roles/responsibilities.
Part 2 provides practical tools for building projects, including support measures, recruiting architects, selecting contractors, using sustainable materials, and ensuring designs consider women/disabled and cultures. It emphasizes achieving durable, optimized works.
Annexes include examples from tender documents to suit specific contexts, as legal frameworks vary. The document targets those formulating infrastructure projects and project managers without construction expertise.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.