1. The author tested different molecules like PEG and OTS to attach plasmid DNA to silicon surfaces for potential use in nanotechnology circuits, as the commonly used APTES binds DNA too strongly. 2. Imaging with an atomic force microscope showed that DNA appeared more relaxed on the neutral PEG layer than on the positively charged APTES layer. 3. Restriction enzymes were used to cut the plasmid DNA into linearized pieces to better observe the effects of the different attachment molecules on the DNA structure at the nanoscale level.