1. By
M.G.SOWMIYA
(710714631050)
DR.NGP IT

3.  Polyvinyl chloride; a synthetic thermoplastic
material made by polymerizing vinyl chloride.
The properties depend on the added
plasticizer. The flexible forms are used in
hosepipes, insulation, shoes, garments, etc.
Rigid PVC is used for moulded articles

4.  Phthalates
 Bisphenol A(BPA)
These two chemicals were used for
softing a pvc products.
Phthalates and BPA are same causes
but phthalates are more harmful effect than
BPA.

5.  Rodent studies by EPA
EPA conducted,rats exposed to
phthalates- contracted lives cancer and
developed damaged kidney.
Male rat pups exposed to the
chemicals in utero experienced dramatic
reproductive mutation, including smaller
scrotums,undescended testis,hypospadias
etc,……
Its refers to as “phthalates syndromes”.

6. There are eight compounds in the
phthalate family, some more toxic than
others,
* Diethyl phthalate(DEHP)
* Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
* Benzylbutyl phthalate (BBP)

7.  Food packaging
 Children’s toys
 Shower certains
 Building materials etc,……is all around us.

8.  Vinyl chloride ,the chemicals used to make
PVC =human carcinogen.
 These chemicals which contaminate the
water,soil and air.
 PVC releases dioxins ,which causes a wide
range of health effects including cancer,bith
defects,diabetes,learning , developmental
delays,endometriosis and immune system
abnormalities.

10.  End up in food that animals eat, accumulate
in animal fat then they end up in human fat
as we eat meat and dairy products from the
anumal.

11.  There are many non-PVC materials available
suitable for a wide variety of medical
application.
 They can be more easily recycled.

12.  Bags-PVC bags made of ethylene vinyl
acetate(EVA),multilater polyethylene.
 Tubling-PVC free tubling from silicone or
polyethylene
 Gloves-alternatives made from nitrile for
disposable gloves

13.  Citrates,adipates,trimellitates and Hexamol
DINCH are all used in PVC medical devices as
alternative softeners.