The document provides a guide on connecting to Microsoft SQL Server from a Linux environment using Perl. It details the necessary drivers, packages, configuration files, and steps needed to establish the connection, including specific commands for installation and testing. Moreover, it explains how to install and use Perl modules for scripting purposes to interact with the SQL database.

1. CONNECT TO SQL USING PERL FROM LINUX
Introduction:
I recently came across a situation where I need to connect SQL using Perl from Linux
box. As I have not done that I was like, ‘Is it possible to connect MSSQL from Linux?” but after
googling I came to know Microsoft has a driver for Linux which can be used to connect via
Linux. I had tried it and it worked like a charm. I was able to connect to SQL server using
Microsoft binary. The real problem is that it cannot be used as Perl module to extend the
usability via scripting.
Again I started my search and reading multiple articles, websites and I was able to
successfully connect to SQL using Perl from Linux. I will briefly describe how to achieve it and
where to get the packages in this article.
MSSQL Driver for Linux:
It was always tough to connect to MSSQL from Linux but surprising Microsoft has
provided an ODBC driver which can be used to have easy access to SQL server via cmd. The
details can be gathered from the below screenshot.

2. Packages needs to be installed:
o Unix-ODBC
o Unix-ODBC-devel
o FreeTDS
o DBI::Sybase http://search.cpan.org/~mewp/DBD-Sybase-1.15/
Unix-ODBC:
This can be installed via the default Linux distro package manager.
RHEL:
yum install unixODBC
It resolves and auto install unixODBC-Devel and freeTDS as dependencies. The distro which
does not have FreeTDS and UNIX-ODBC, please download the latest stable packages form the
respective website and you have to install it manually using below steps.
Building FreeTDS:
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
$ make
$ su root
Password:
$ make install
Source: http://www.freetds.org/userguide/config.htm
Configuration:
Once the installation gets completed. The main part is to configure the freetds and
odbc.ini, odbcinst.ini files. This plays a crucial part in connecting to SQL server.
FreeTDS:
Edit the freetds.conf from the location you had installed earlier. If you have installed
via package manager it can be found at /etc/freetds.conf.
The below is the template for adding DB details.
[DBName]
host = <serverURL where DB is hosted>
port = 1433
tds version = 8.0
For some unknown reason, I had to change the version of TDS to 8.0 from 7.0 to get it
connect to SQL server 2012.

3. Odbc.ini
This file passes the details such as DataSource and other driver details to establish the
connection.
The below is the template for editing odbc.ini.
[ODBC Data Sources]
DBName = MSSQL Server
[DBName]
Driver = freetds
Description = Microsoft SQL
Trace = No
Server = <serverURL where DB is hosted>
port = 1433
Database = DBName
TDS_Version = 7.1
Odbcinst.ini
This file passes which DB we are connecting and the ODBC driver details.
The below is the template for editing odbcinst.ini.
[freetds]
Description = MS SQL database access with FreeTDS
Driver = /usr/lib64/libtdsodbc.so.0
Setup = /usr/lib64/libtdsodbc.so.0
UsageCount = 1
Testing:
Once everything is in place, it’s time for us to test the freetds configuration. It’s
important that freetds connection should work to move further.
Execute the below command to verify whether freetds has configured properly.

4. Execute the below command to test the connection gets established or not.
TDSERVER=7.0tsql -H <Server name> -U <username> -p <port> -D <DBName to Connect>
If it’s successful you can see the output as below.
Installing Perl Module:
As we had completed most of the integral configuration, it’s time to install Perl
module which we can use later to connect to SQL DB via scripting. There are few ways to use
Perl to connect to a SQL Server using FreeTDS. All of them can be installed via CPAN but I
have tried installing configuring the module.
o DBD::Sybase
o DBD::ODBC
o Sybperl
DBD::Sybase:
Despite the name it works for any Sybase or Microsoft SQL Server. DBD::Sybase uses
the CT-Library API and works well.
Building DBD::Sybase
Download the latest Sybase module from cpan.org and follow the below steps.
export SYBASE=/usr/local/freetds
perl Makefile.PL
Use 'CHAINED' mode by default (Y/N) [Y]: Y (if this Y, no need to use $dbh-
>commit() in the script. Autocommit does the job).
Make
make install (as root)

5. Connect to Server using DBD::Sybase
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
use DBI;
my $user = "<username>";
my $passwd = ' <password';
my $server = "<server url";
my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:Sybase:server=$server", $user, $passwd,
{PrintError => 0});
unless ($dbh) {
die "ERROR: Failed to connectnError Message: $DBI::errstr";
}else {
print "n";
print "Successful Connection.";
print "nn";
}
$dbh->disconnect;