A empresa de tecnologia anunciou um novo sistema operacional para computadores pessoais. O novo sistema operacional tem um design modernizado e melhores recursos de segurança. Ele será lançado globalmente no próximo ano e espera-se que seja bem recebido pelos consumidores.
This document discusses inclusive growth, poverty, and economic development in India. It notes that while India has seen significant economic and social improvements since independence, exclusion continues in terms of agriculture growth, employment quality, human development, and regional disparities. The key elements of inclusive growth are identified as poverty reduction, employment, agriculture development, social sector development, regional equality, and environmental protection. The document analyzes trends in poverty reduction but notes over 300 million Indians still live below the poverty line. It also examines challenges in employment, particularly low quality jobs and lack of social security for most workers. Overall the document advocates for higher agricultural growth, improving rural opportunities beyond farming, and boosting human capital to promote more inclusive development.
This document discusses farmers' suicide in India. It provides statistics showing that over 296,466 farmer suicides occurred from 2003-2014, with the highest rates in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Bihar. Common factors for suicide include financial indebtedness, climate change impacts, and being small-scale farmers with low incomes. Major causes identified are bankruptcy (39%), family problems (12%), farming issues (19%), and illness (10%). Preventive measures proposed include agricultural extensions, financial literacy, alternative livelihoods, and various stakeholder roles in support of farmers.
Relationship Between Population,Environment and Developmenteshamwata
This document discusses the relationship between population growth, development, and the environment. It notes that population growth and increased development activities place stress on the Earth's natural resources and can lead to environmental degradation. Several schools of thought are described that have different perspectives on this relationship, such as Malthusians who believe population growth will exceed resources, and neoclassical economists who believe human innovation will overcome resource scarcity. The document outlines global efforts to address the impacts of population growth on the environment since the 1970s. It concludes that alleviating poverty, empowering women, and developing more sustainable lifestyles are critical to providing a decent quality of life without damaging the environment.
Iphs For 101 To 200 Bedded With Comments Of Sub Groupguestc191261
India’s Public Health System has been developed over the years as a 3-tier system, namely primary, secondary and tertiary level of health care. District Health System is the fundamental basis for implementing various health policies and delivery of healthcare, management of health services for defined geographic area. District hospital is an essential component of the district health system and functions as a secondary level of health care which provides curative, preventive and promotive healthcare services to the people in the district.
Guatemala ganó los XVII Juegos Centroamericanos Escolares CODICADER, repitiendo así su triunfo por cuarta vez consecutiva. En ajedrez, Guatemala conquistó nueve medallas de oro, incluyendo tres de María Ester Mencos Castillo. Además, el equipo varonil ganó tres medallas de oro. Este triunfo muestra el alto nivel deportivo alcanzado por los estudiantes guatemaltecos.
El documento describe el código ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), el cual es un estándar de 7 bits que permite 128 combinaciones para representar letras, números, símbolos y caracteres de control. El código ASCII incluye mayúsculas, minúsculas, números, símbolos y 32 caracteres de control divididos en 4 grupos como efectores de formato, control de transmisión, separadores de información y controles de dispositivo.
A empresa de tecnologia anunciou um novo sistema operacional para computadores pessoais. O novo sistema operacional tem um design modernizado e melhores recursos de segurança. Ele será lançado globalmente no próximo ano e espera-se que seja bem recebido pelos consumidores.
This document discusses inclusive growth, poverty, and economic development in India. It notes that while India has seen significant economic and social improvements since independence, exclusion continues in terms of agriculture growth, employment quality, human development, and regional disparities. The key elements of inclusive growth are identified as poverty reduction, employment, agriculture development, social sector development, regional equality, and environmental protection. The document analyzes trends in poverty reduction but notes over 300 million Indians still live below the poverty line. It also examines challenges in employment, particularly low quality jobs and lack of social security for most workers. Overall the document advocates for higher agricultural growth, improving rural opportunities beyond farming, and boosting human capital to promote more inclusive development.
This document discusses farmers' suicide in India. It provides statistics showing that over 296,466 farmer suicides occurred from 2003-2014, with the highest rates in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Bihar. Common factors for suicide include financial indebtedness, climate change impacts, and being small-scale farmers with low incomes. Major causes identified are bankruptcy (39%), family problems (12%), farming issues (19%), and illness (10%). Preventive measures proposed include agricultural extensions, financial literacy, alternative livelihoods, and various stakeholder roles in support of farmers.
Relationship Between Population,Environment and Developmenteshamwata
This document discusses the relationship between population growth, development, and the environment. It notes that population growth and increased development activities place stress on the Earth's natural resources and can lead to environmental degradation. Several schools of thought are described that have different perspectives on this relationship, such as Malthusians who believe population growth will exceed resources, and neoclassical economists who believe human innovation will overcome resource scarcity. The document outlines global efforts to address the impacts of population growth on the environment since the 1970s. It concludes that alleviating poverty, empowering women, and developing more sustainable lifestyles are critical to providing a decent quality of life without damaging the environment.
Iphs For 101 To 200 Bedded With Comments Of Sub Groupguestc191261
India’s Public Health System has been developed over the years as a 3-tier system, namely primary, secondary and tertiary level of health care. District Health System is the fundamental basis for implementing various health policies and delivery of healthcare, management of health services for defined geographic area. District hospital is an essential component of the district health system and functions as a secondary level of health care which provides curative, preventive and promotive healthcare services to the people in the district.
Guatemala ganó los XVII Juegos Centroamericanos Escolares CODICADER, repitiendo así su triunfo por cuarta vez consecutiva. En ajedrez, Guatemala conquistó nueve medallas de oro, incluyendo tres de María Ester Mencos Castillo. Además, el equipo varonil ganó tres medallas de oro. Este triunfo muestra el alto nivel deportivo alcanzado por los estudiantes guatemaltecos.
El documento describe el código ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), el cual es un estándar de 7 bits que permite 128 combinaciones para representar letras, números, símbolos y caracteres de control. El código ASCII incluye mayúsculas, minúsculas, números, símbolos y 32 caracteres de control divididos en 4 grupos como efectores de formato, control de transmisión, separadores de información y controles de dispositivo.
Este documento describe varias opciones de bachillerato que incluyen bachillerato técnico en asistencia administrativo-contable y electrotecnia, bachillerato general, bachillerato en salud y lácteos y cárnicos. Todos los programas incluyen áreas de formación básica, técnica y complementaria con el objetivo de que los egresados puedan continuar estudios universitarios o desarrollarse en el campo laboral.
This document outlines the development of a time temperature indicator (TTI) to monitor the temperature history and shelf life of perishable foods. Nearly 3/4 of foodborne illnesses are caused by improper temperature control, so monitoring temperature is important for food safety and quality. Existing TTIs have limitations in cost and complexity. The objectives are to develop a simple, economical TTI that changes color based on temperature exposure. The TTI will be optimized as a label that can be attached to foods. Storage tests will be conducted at various temperatures to measure the TTI response and food quality over time. The color change will be analyzed to determine activation energy and rate constants at different temperatures. This will allow the TTI to monitor real shelf
Carlos Prieto es un Director de Consultoría con 18 años de experiencia en proyectos tecnológicos e implantación de soluciones empresariales, especialmente en el área de recursos humanos. Actualmente es el líder nacional de Oracle HCM Cloud en Accenture y ha liderado con éxito varios proyectos innovadores en soluciones SaaS. Tiene una fuerte experiencia funcional y tecnológica en soluciones como SAP, Oracle, PeopleSoft y Success Factors, así como una trayectoria probada en el liderazgo de equipos y la
Blue Planet Technologies2010 V03 ShortWESAustralia
Blue Planet Technologies is showcasing a new water cartridge technology that can significantly reduce water wastage from dripping taps. It claims to be able to save up to 60% of water used in homes in Brisbane, Australia, which could supply up to 2.5 homes with the water previously used by one home. The technology is described as innovative, cost effective, energy efficient, and maintenance free, and effectively addresses mineralized water issues. It is presented as an environmentally friendly solution that meets government regulations and is a viable solution to current and future water challenges.
Writing a business case or proposal? Need to convince colleagues of the need for change? Want a client to pay on time? These 6 secrets of persuasive writing will help you to craft a message that has the greatest chance of success.
Este documento presenta la hoja de vida de Juan Sebastián Chaparro Correa, incluyendo su nombre, documento de identidad, fecha y lugar de nacimiento, estado civil, ciudad, dirección, teléfono y correo electrónico. Además, detalla sus estudios primarios y secundarios, actualmente cursa el sexto semestre de la universidad y domina el idioma inglés tanto hablado como escrito.
To eliminate these risks and put IT back in control of the file-sharing process, organizations of all sizes should implement an enterprise-grade file sync and share capability that will meet the dual needs of: a) enabling employees to have access to all of their files from any device, and b) enabling IT to control the organization’s critical data assets.
La violencia contra las mujeres incluye violencia física, psicológica y sexual y se define como cualquier conducta o acción basada en una relación desigual de poder que afecte la vida, libertad o integridad de la mujer. La violencia física implica causar dolor o daño al cuerpo de la mujer, mientras que la violencia psicológica causa daño emocional a través de amenazas, acoso u hostigamiento. La violencia sexual se refiere a cualquier acción no consentida que vulnere la autonomía sexual o reproductiva de
Este documento contiene una serie de citas y frases cortas de diferentes autores sobre una variedad de temas como la imaginación, la felicidad, la utopía, la muerte y más. Las citas expresan ideas como que la imaginación es más importante que la lógica, que vivir la vida significa saber para qué se vive, y que la utopía sirve para seguir caminando a pesar de que el horizonte se corra más lejos.
This report helps analyze and disseminate information on global emerging cities. The report focuses on the demand and supply of talent both lateral and inexperienced/ freshers, availability of cost-effective infrastructure and other factors that make it a feasible and attractive option for organizations looking to expand and grow in this region and remain competitive.
The objective of this research is to conduct in-depth talent pool and location analysis of respected emerging city across identified technology functions which can provide a detailed view of this emerging location and opportunities for growth.
Programa de Dirección en Big Data - IE Business School DEMETRIO BARRAGAN
Big Data – El programa de Dirección del IE Business School es considerado el mejor de su categoría en el ranking entre las mejores escuelas de negocio del mundo.
Entre los aspectos considerados destacan su enfoque estratégico y de creación de valor.
La Play Station 4 es una nueva consola de videojuegos desarrollada por Sony que saldrá a la venta a finales de 2013. La PS4 contará con un procesador de 8 núcleos, 8 GB de RAM, un disco duro integrado y soporte para juegos en la nube. La consola también incluirá un nuevo control con pantalla táctil y funciones enfocadas en compartir contenido y jugar en línea de manera social.
Este documento contiene extractos de varias piezas musicales barrocas de compositores italianos como Alessandro Scarlatti, Giovanni Paisiello, Giovanni Battista Bononcini y Giovanni Battista Pergolesi. Los extractos presentan temas como el amor, la naturaleza y las emociones a través de la música y la poesía.
This document tracks competitor email newsletter registrations for automotive companies in EU countries. It notes the registration date, positioning/formatting of the registration page, whether a follow up message was received, and frequency of newsletters received from August to December for each manufacturer. Manufacturers include Alfa Romeo, Audi, BMW, Chevrolet, Citroen, Fiat, Ford, Honda and others.
Catalyst Group's Latest Environment, Health and Safety ProjectSajid Modan, RPh
This document summarizes a case study for a global auditing project conducted by EHS Global Auditing for client Merck. It involved assessing health, safety, and engineering programs across Merck's US and global facilities, with a focus on lock-out tag-out, confined space, and asphyxiant hazard procedures. EHS Global Auditing provided project management, local auditors familiar with regulations, and conducted audits at 27 sites across the US, Europe, Asia, and Brazil, delivering reports and ensuring quality and consistency across locations. The project was completed on time and within budget, providing Merck assurance that its global operations met regulatory standards.
La sociedad secreta de los Iluminati fue fundada en 1776 en Alemania por Adam Weishaupt con el objetivo de abolir los gobiernos nacionales, las religiones excepto el satanismo, la familia, la propiedad privada y el patriotismo, y crear un gobierno mundial controlado por los Iluminati a través de las Naciones Unidas. Actualmente se cree que los Iluminati controlan las grandes corporaciones y los servicios de inteligencia a través de técnicas de control mental.
Maratón de Lectura: Read for the Record de Jumpstart
Cuento: Súper Catarina y los Súper Insectos
Fecha: El jueves, 4 de octubre de 2012,
La principal campaña nacional de lectura en Estados Unidos Read for the Record de Jumpstart, en colaboración con la Fundación Pearson reúne millones de personas un día del año para celebrar la alfabetización y respaldar a Jumpstart en sus esfuerzos por promover la educación para la niñez temprana.
The document discusses AltaMed's Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model and its Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE).
AltaMed uses a team-based care coordination approach in its PCMH model, with teams including nurses, health coaches, behavioral health specialists, pharmacists and others supporting primary care providers. For its PACE program, AltaMed provides comprehensive medical and social services to elderly patients to allow them to remain in their communities. Data shows AltaMed's PACE program achieves lower costs, utilization and mortality compared to other models through its integrated care approach.
El documento resume las actividades realizadas por la Corporación de Contadores de El Salvador durante julio de 2016, incluyendo la clausura de un seminario sobre normas internacionales de información financiera, un curso de gramática y redacción, la apertura de nuevos grupos para diplomados en impuestos y prevención de lavado de dinero, eventos sociales como juramentación de socios y bienvenida a vacaciones, y felicitaciones a socios con cumpleaños en agosto.
A deep dive into Bitcoin hardware wallets security. Illustrating weaknesses of hardware wallets based on regular (not secure) microcontrollers such as the Trezor.
The role of civil society in data collectionSightsavers
Civil society plays an important role in supporting data collection efforts for monitoring development goals. It has a history of collecting information to inform policy and assess service delivery. Recent examples include a large mapping project that examined over 2 million people to plan trachoma interventions and a disability pilot project that found collecting such data creates demand for more inclusive services. Going forward, civil society can advocate for the 2030 agenda, support citizen accountability, and share lessons learned. It also plays a role in practice and innovation by identifying stakeholders, looking beyond numbers to include marginalized groups, and empowering such groups to own the data. Key is partnering with national authorities to promote sustainability.
The document summarizes issues with Kenya's 2013 general elections, including non-transparent procurement of electoral materials, an incomplete and unverified voter register, failure of electronic voting systems, and contradictory election forms. It concludes that the IEBC demonstrated serious gaps in transparency and accountability in managing the elections. The document recommends reforms to address these issues and help ensure free and fair elections in 2017, including improvements to the voter register, oversight of the IEBC, and dispute resolution processes.
Este documento describe varias opciones de bachillerato que incluyen bachillerato técnico en asistencia administrativo-contable y electrotecnia, bachillerato general, bachillerato en salud y lácteos y cárnicos. Todos los programas incluyen áreas de formación básica, técnica y complementaria con el objetivo de que los egresados puedan continuar estudios universitarios o desarrollarse en el campo laboral.
This document outlines the development of a time temperature indicator (TTI) to monitor the temperature history and shelf life of perishable foods. Nearly 3/4 of foodborne illnesses are caused by improper temperature control, so monitoring temperature is important for food safety and quality. Existing TTIs have limitations in cost and complexity. The objectives are to develop a simple, economical TTI that changes color based on temperature exposure. The TTI will be optimized as a label that can be attached to foods. Storage tests will be conducted at various temperatures to measure the TTI response and food quality over time. The color change will be analyzed to determine activation energy and rate constants at different temperatures. This will allow the TTI to monitor real shelf
Carlos Prieto es un Director de Consultoría con 18 años de experiencia en proyectos tecnológicos e implantación de soluciones empresariales, especialmente en el área de recursos humanos. Actualmente es el líder nacional de Oracle HCM Cloud en Accenture y ha liderado con éxito varios proyectos innovadores en soluciones SaaS. Tiene una fuerte experiencia funcional y tecnológica en soluciones como SAP, Oracle, PeopleSoft y Success Factors, así como una trayectoria probada en el liderazgo de equipos y la
Blue Planet Technologies2010 V03 ShortWESAustralia
Blue Planet Technologies is showcasing a new water cartridge technology that can significantly reduce water wastage from dripping taps. It claims to be able to save up to 60% of water used in homes in Brisbane, Australia, which could supply up to 2.5 homes with the water previously used by one home. The technology is described as innovative, cost effective, energy efficient, and maintenance free, and effectively addresses mineralized water issues. It is presented as an environmentally friendly solution that meets government regulations and is a viable solution to current and future water challenges.
Writing a business case or proposal? Need to convince colleagues of the need for change? Want a client to pay on time? These 6 secrets of persuasive writing will help you to craft a message that has the greatest chance of success.
Este documento presenta la hoja de vida de Juan Sebastián Chaparro Correa, incluyendo su nombre, documento de identidad, fecha y lugar de nacimiento, estado civil, ciudad, dirección, teléfono y correo electrónico. Además, detalla sus estudios primarios y secundarios, actualmente cursa el sexto semestre de la universidad y domina el idioma inglés tanto hablado como escrito.
To eliminate these risks and put IT back in control of the file-sharing process, organizations of all sizes should implement an enterprise-grade file sync and share capability that will meet the dual needs of: a) enabling employees to have access to all of their files from any device, and b) enabling IT to control the organization’s critical data assets.
La violencia contra las mujeres incluye violencia física, psicológica y sexual y se define como cualquier conducta o acción basada en una relación desigual de poder que afecte la vida, libertad o integridad de la mujer. La violencia física implica causar dolor o daño al cuerpo de la mujer, mientras que la violencia psicológica causa daño emocional a través de amenazas, acoso u hostigamiento. La violencia sexual se refiere a cualquier acción no consentida que vulnere la autonomía sexual o reproductiva de
Este documento contiene una serie de citas y frases cortas de diferentes autores sobre una variedad de temas como la imaginación, la felicidad, la utopía, la muerte y más. Las citas expresan ideas como que la imaginación es más importante que la lógica, que vivir la vida significa saber para qué se vive, y que la utopía sirve para seguir caminando a pesar de que el horizonte se corra más lejos.
This report helps analyze and disseminate information on global emerging cities. The report focuses on the demand and supply of talent both lateral and inexperienced/ freshers, availability of cost-effective infrastructure and other factors that make it a feasible and attractive option for organizations looking to expand and grow in this region and remain competitive.
The objective of this research is to conduct in-depth talent pool and location analysis of respected emerging city across identified technology functions which can provide a detailed view of this emerging location and opportunities for growth.
Programa de Dirección en Big Data - IE Business School DEMETRIO BARRAGAN
Big Data – El programa de Dirección del IE Business School es considerado el mejor de su categoría en el ranking entre las mejores escuelas de negocio del mundo.
Entre los aspectos considerados destacan su enfoque estratégico y de creación de valor.
La Play Station 4 es una nueva consola de videojuegos desarrollada por Sony que saldrá a la venta a finales de 2013. La PS4 contará con un procesador de 8 núcleos, 8 GB de RAM, un disco duro integrado y soporte para juegos en la nube. La consola también incluirá un nuevo control con pantalla táctil y funciones enfocadas en compartir contenido y jugar en línea de manera social.
Este documento contiene extractos de varias piezas musicales barrocas de compositores italianos como Alessandro Scarlatti, Giovanni Paisiello, Giovanni Battista Bononcini y Giovanni Battista Pergolesi. Los extractos presentan temas como el amor, la naturaleza y las emociones a través de la música y la poesía.
This document tracks competitor email newsletter registrations for automotive companies in EU countries. It notes the registration date, positioning/formatting of the registration page, whether a follow up message was received, and frequency of newsletters received from August to December for each manufacturer. Manufacturers include Alfa Romeo, Audi, BMW, Chevrolet, Citroen, Fiat, Ford, Honda and others.
Catalyst Group's Latest Environment, Health and Safety ProjectSajid Modan, RPh
This document summarizes a case study for a global auditing project conducted by EHS Global Auditing for client Merck. It involved assessing health, safety, and engineering programs across Merck's US and global facilities, with a focus on lock-out tag-out, confined space, and asphyxiant hazard procedures. EHS Global Auditing provided project management, local auditors familiar with regulations, and conducted audits at 27 sites across the US, Europe, Asia, and Brazil, delivering reports and ensuring quality and consistency across locations. The project was completed on time and within budget, providing Merck assurance that its global operations met regulatory standards.
La sociedad secreta de los Iluminati fue fundada en 1776 en Alemania por Adam Weishaupt con el objetivo de abolir los gobiernos nacionales, las religiones excepto el satanismo, la familia, la propiedad privada y el patriotismo, y crear un gobierno mundial controlado por los Iluminati a través de las Naciones Unidas. Actualmente se cree que los Iluminati controlan las grandes corporaciones y los servicios de inteligencia a través de técnicas de control mental.
Maratón de Lectura: Read for the Record de Jumpstart
Cuento: Súper Catarina y los Súper Insectos
Fecha: El jueves, 4 de octubre de 2012,
La principal campaña nacional de lectura en Estados Unidos Read for the Record de Jumpstart, en colaboración con la Fundación Pearson reúne millones de personas un día del año para celebrar la alfabetización y respaldar a Jumpstart en sus esfuerzos por promover la educación para la niñez temprana.
The document discusses AltaMed's Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model and its Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE).
AltaMed uses a team-based care coordination approach in its PCMH model, with teams including nurses, health coaches, behavioral health specialists, pharmacists and others supporting primary care providers. For its PACE program, AltaMed provides comprehensive medical and social services to elderly patients to allow them to remain in their communities. Data shows AltaMed's PACE program achieves lower costs, utilization and mortality compared to other models through its integrated care approach.
El documento resume las actividades realizadas por la Corporación de Contadores de El Salvador durante julio de 2016, incluyendo la clausura de un seminario sobre normas internacionales de información financiera, un curso de gramática y redacción, la apertura de nuevos grupos para diplomados en impuestos y prevención de lavado de dinero, eventos sociales como juramentación de socios y bienvenida a vacaciones, y felicitaciones a socios con cumpleaños en agosto.
A deep dive into Bitcoin hardware wallets security. Illustrating weaknesses of hardware wallets based on regular (not secure) microcontrollers such as the Trezor.
The role of civil society in data collectionSightsavers
Civil society plays an important role in supporting data collection efforts for monitoring development goals. It has a history of collecting information to inform policy and assess service delivery. Recent examples include a large mapping project that examined over 2 million people to plan trachoma interventions and a disability pilot project that found collecting such data creates demand for more inclusive services. Going forward, civil society can advocate for the 2030 agenda, support citizen accountability, and share lessons learned. It also plays a role in practice and innovation by identifying stakeholders, looking beyond numbers to include marginalized groups, and empowering such groups to own the data. Key is partnering with national authorities to promote sustainability.
The document summarizes issues with Kenya's 2013 general elections, including non-transparent procurement of electoral materials, an incomplete and unverified voter register, failure of electronic voting systems, and contradictory election forms. It concludes that the IEBC demonstrated serious gaps in transparency and accountability in managing the elections. The document recommends reforms to address these issues and help ensure free and fair elections in 2017, including improvements to the voter register, oversight of the IEBC, and dispute resolution processes.
The document provides guidelines for participatory community-based approaches (CBAs). It defines CBAs as processes of dialogue, learning, decision-making and action where community members recognize issues, prioritize problems, and work to address them. The goals are to both improve child and community well-being through empowering communities to direct their own sustainable development. Several UN agencies can support CBAs by conducting analyses, providing technical expertise, and building capacity for community ownership and participation. The guidelines contain seven steps for implementing CBAs including preparing, contacting communities, facilitating assessments, planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating, and diffusing and scaling up approaches.
Development policy planning & analysis 2Aliyu Adamu
Community Participation in Health Development, A Review of Community Score Card in Northern Nigeria. This is a term paper prepared and submitted to Department of History, Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies of Bayero University Kano, Nigeria.
This document provides a summary of the results from the 2014 Greenwich resident satisfaction survey. Some key findings include:
- Residents reported high satisfaction with fire, police, and public schools as well as overall satisfaction and investment of tax dollars.
- Residents gave lower ratings to factors regarding time spent obtaining permits and finding information online for various departments.
- Areas identified for potential improvement included wait times, website usability, and communication about projects and road conditions.
The survey was administered by phone to evaluate satisfaction with various town services and identify opportunities to enhance resident experience.
This document provides a summary of the results of the 2014 Greenwich resident satisfaction survey conducted by University of Connecticut graduate students. Some key findings include:
- Residents reported high satisfaction with primary services like fire, police, and schools as well as accuracy from targeted departments.
- Residents gave lower ratings to factors regarding time spent obtaining permits and finding information online for certain departments.
- The survey aimed to evaluate resident opinions of town services to provide feedback for continuous improvement. Results will serve as a benchmark for measuring changes in satisfaction over time.
The purpose of this report is to provide a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic
situation and trends in Tikri village, which is located in Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
The report is based on independent data collection and analysis, using various methods and tools to
gather both quantitative and qualitative data from the village. The report aims to assess the current status
of the village and provide useful insights for understanding the various aspects of its culture, economy
and society.
The data collection methods and tools used in the survey include structured questionnaires, interviews,
focus group discussions, participant observation and field survey. The survey covered various topics
such as demographic, economic, social and health characteristics of the village and its inhabitants
The document outlines the goals, tasks, and implementation plan for decentralization reforms in Ukraine from 2017-2020. The strategic goal is to create an efficient system of territorial organization of power and establish conditions for balanced regional development. Key tasks include realigning responsibilities between local governments and authorities, strengthening local finances and budgets, ensuring transparency, and improving regional competitiveness and services. Progress will be measured by amalgamating local councils into capable communities and implementing decentralized mandates. The donor board will coordinate donor support to complete unfinished reform tasks.
This document summarizes a research report that analyzes the factors affecting the effective implementation of annual budgets by Lunga District Council in Zambia. The report was submitted in partial fulfillment of a degree in accounting. It includes a declaration by the author confirming the work is original, a dedication to supporting individuals, acknowledgements of those who assisted, and a table of contents. The report contains five chapters that present literature on the topic, methodology used for data collection and analysis, findings on budget implementation and related committees at the council, a summary and conclusions, and recommendations. The abstract provides a high-level overview of the study objectives, methodology involving 30 respondents, key findings on factors affecting budget implementation including lack of staff and timely funding
Case StudyCities and Communities Quality of Life IndicatorsBa.docxketurahhazelhurst
Case Study
Cities and Communities: Quality of Life Indicators
Background for the Assignment
Social demographers, social/medical epidemiologists, urban sociologists, politicians, and other researchers have long had a concern the structure, function, current state and viability of urban spaces. One way such researchers have examined urban spaces is to gather data (or review data) based on the application of local quality of life indicators.
Local quality of life indicators evolved from economic indicators and social indicators, and can be divided into two types: objective indicators and subjective indicators. Objective indicators measure actual events such as the occurrence of crime, unemployment rate; subjective indicators measure attitudes about events (e.g., such as crime).
Local quality of life indicators can be used as a method for: (1) describing the current state of an urban space; (2) evaluating the current state of the urban space; and (3) prescribing changes for local conditions that are determined to be detrimental to residents of the urban space.
Instructions: The Required City and Country is Kingston, Jamaica
In order to complete this assignment, you are required to select a city in a developing or developed country (Which is going to be Kingston, Jamaica) and analyze the geographical space based on select local quality of life indicators. There are seven categories of quality of life indicators and a “General Population Demographics” category, which is mandatory. In addition to describing the population demographics of the city, select three categories of quality of life indicators and conduct research to answer the questions for each category. The list of questions is intended as a guide. Some questions will be more easily answered than others. Locate sources for as many indicators as you can that provide a comprehensive assessment for that quality of life dimension.
Your tasks will be to answer questions based on the indicators that you have selected. Next, based on your research, (1) describe the current state of the city; (2) evaluate the current state of the city; and (3) prescribe changes for local conditions that are determined to be detrimental to residents of the city.
This assignment will require you to be resourceful in order to gather data to complete the assignment. You may have to gather data (via the Internet) from a variety of sources, including local planning agencies, political and economic institutions, health/medical institutions, financial institutions. Be sure to use the proper citations and format when documenting your sources.
Select Quality of Life Indicators
Instructions:
When completing this assignment, please consider the following questions to answer based on each indicator.
Required
General Population Demographics (mandatory for assignment)
(1) What is the total population of the city?
(2) What is the breakdown of the population based on race/ethnicity, gender, and age.
Then ...
This document summarizes concerns about Kenya's voter registration process and register of voters ahead of the August 8th election. It notes unexplained increases in registered voters after the 2013 election registration closed. For the 2017 election, some counties again saw small increases in voters after an audit of the register. There are also ongoing questions about the use of an unexplained "green book" and a lack of clarity around the final number of registered voters due to discrepancies between biometric and biographic voter lists. Overall, the document argues many problems from 2013 remain unresolved, calling into question the reliability of the voter registration data and process.
This report evaluates the impact of EU support to civil society in Ghana from 2007-2014. It assesses the relevance, effectiveness, impact, sustainability, and complementarity of various EU funding programmes and instruments. Data was collected through document review, interviews, and field visits.
Key findings include: EU funding has been relevant in addressing pertinent issues and complementing other donors' efforts. It has effectively contributed to CSO capacity building and influencing policy. However, smaller local CSOs have not always benefited equally. Impact includes policy changes but sustainability remains a challenge without continuous advocacy. Recommendations focus on increasing support for local CSOs and newcomers, promoting flexible partnerships, coordination with the government, and strategic advocacy for sustainable
Current affairs for ese and other competitive exams (issue 11 2019 dec18 mar19)IES Master
Candidates targeting engineering competitive exams like Engineering Services Examination (ESE 2020) and other competitive exams like Civil Services, Bank PO, SSC, Railway Recruitment, and other state exams must have a good understanding and knowledge of the current national and international affairs This is important because anything related to it can be asked in the General Knowledge test paper or General Ability paper.
The Dec-March 2019 issue of Current Affairs from Masters book by IES Master offers a detailed information about all the national and international events that are important from exam perspective. The book has been categorised into six main sections – Polity Governance and Social Issues, Economic and Industrial Issues, National Issues, International Issues, Environment, Science and Technology, and one section named Miscellaneous which covers all the other topics that can be of importance from the standards of various competitive exams. The latest edition also includes questions for self-practice along with their answers at the end of the book.
The Arrangement of Essence Regional Expansion and the Effectiveness against o...inventionjournals
This document summarizes a research paper on regional expansion and public services in Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The paper examines: 1) the legal framework governing regional expansion, 2) the effectiveness of regional expansion in providing public services, and 3) factors hindering effective public services in new autonomous regions. It finds that while regional expansion aims to improve services, its effectiveness has been limited. Cultural, institutional, and financial factors have hampered services in newly formed autonomous regions. The paper concludes that the legal process of regional expansion needs improvement to better achieve its goals of regional development and high-quality public services.
Support for Local Administration Reform in Turkey (Inter-municipal Experience...PAL Policy Analytics Lab
This report summarizes the findings of a needs assessment survey conducted with metropolitan municipalities and district municipalities in Turkey regarding inter-municipal experience sharing. Some key findings:
- 87% of respondents said their department could benefit from other municipalities' experience in at least one area.
- 32% said their department has innovative practices to share with others.
- Themes prioritized for experience sharing activities included growing scale and service organization, strategic management, e-municipality/smart cities, human resources management, and cooperation/partnerships.
- It was proposed that 10 experience sharing activities be held among metropolitan municipalities focused on these priority themes.
Digital Leadership during the Covid-19 Pandemic (Study on Musrenbang City of ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on modern life necessitates online
interaction from the life sector.The development of the current paradigm of administration and governance
toward the New Public Management paradigm cannot be separated from efforts to create effectiveness,
efficiency, and results-oriented governance, as well as New Public Service (Governance) actor involvement,
which are shown in efforts to improve government governance. These efforts are carried out looking for
paradigms that can be practiced in the others field, including business, civil society, and the media.Study at
Bandar Lampung City Musrenbang on "Digital Leadership in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic". Problem
formulation: Musrenbang) and 2) What are the supporting factors and factors that weaken digital leadership
during the COVID-19 pandemic (study on the Bandar Lampung City Musrenbang). Techniques like observation,
interviews, and documentation were used to gather data.Based on the Decree of the Head of Bappeda City of
Bandar Lampung Number: 800/946/IV.01/2022 concerning the Formation of Teams for Development and
Utilization of Data and Information on Development Planning of Regional Apparatus Work Units in 2022. The
government has been restricted to the exclusive domain of the government to express aspirations and criticize
sector areas. The government must provide more space for this.The government must implement digital
transformations, which are already being used to complete the tasks it is carrying out, in order to keep up with
the times.
Keywords: City Musrenbang, Government, Community, Regional Development.
Business Leaders for Michigan (BLM) hired Public Sector Consultants (PSC) to outline strategies that the State of Michigan can implement to help its regions and cities achieve their economic and urban development goals. The Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program substantively
shaped and contributed to this project under the auspices of the Brookings-Rockefeller Project on
State and Metropolitan Innovation, which works to present fiscally responsible state policies and practical, metropolitan-led solutions that leaders can use to create the next American economy.
Working together on this effort, PSC and Brookings have focused on state-level interventions that
will support and empower metropolitan areas in their ongoing economic and urban revitalization efforts. This strategy recognizes that much of the heavy lifting regarding urban and metropolitan revitalization must be done at the local level, and that there is an abundance of work focused on
local urban revitalization efforts. This strategy is intended to build on those efforts, and make
recommendations regarding what the state (and other stakeholders) can do at both the state and metro-specific level to help urban metropolitan areas achieve their prosperity goals.
Peformance, The Politician And The CitizenAnthony Rainey
The document discusses how involving citizens in performance measurement can benefit both politicians and citizens. It argues that citizen involvement increases the political significance and credibility of performance measures, allows citizens to hold government more accountable, and has been shown to reduce cynicism and build trust in government. The document outlines a model from Iowa where citizen performance teams were formed to select performance measures, collect data, and report results to elected officials and the public.
This document discusses social protection and humanitarian responses to support displaced populations from Ukraine in Ukraine and other countries from March 10th to June 10th, 2022. It finds that the number of response measures increased by 41% over this period to a total of 730 measures across 41 countries. In Ukraine specifically, there have been 127 response measures, with cash transfers (18% of measures) and in-kind transfers (50% of measures) being most common. Cash transfers have supported over 8.5 million Ukrainians so far with more support planned. The document provides an overview of the types of cash and in-kind support programs in Ukraine and by other countries for Ukrainian refugees and displaced people.
SocialCops and UN Papua New Guinea: Presentation for Data Stocktaking WorkshopSocialCops
SocialCops presented at the UN Papua New Guinea's workshop on how Papua New Guinea can track its progress toward the UN Sustainable Development Goals and Vision 2050
Similar to Conflicts resulting from the Creation of new Districts in Uganda (20)
The Antyodaya Saral Haryana Portal is a pioneering initiative by the Government of Haryana aimed at providing citizens with seamless access to a wide range of government services
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
AHMR is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed online journal created to encourage and facilitate the study of all aspects (socio-economic, political, legislative and developmental) of Human Mobility in Africa. Through the publication of original research, policy discussions and evidence research papers AHMR provides a comprehensive forum devoted exclusively to the analysis of contemporaneous trends, migration patterns and some of the most important migration-related issues.
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019Partito democratico
DI SEGUITO SONO PUBBLICATI, AI SENSI DELL'ART. 11 DELLA LEGGE N. 3/2019, GLI IMPORTI RICEVUTI DALL'ENTRATA IN VIGORE DELLA SUDDETTA NORMA (31/01/2019) E FINO AL MESE SOLARE ANTECEDENTE QUELLO DELLA PUBBLICAZIONE SUL PRESENTE SITO
Indira awas yojana housing scheme renamed as PMAYnarinav14
Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) played a significant role in addressing rural housing needs in India. It emerged as a comprehensive program for affordable housing solutions in rural areas, predating the government’s broader focus on mass housing initiatives.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Presentation by Julie Topoleski, CBO’s Director of Labor, Income Security, and Long-Term Analysis, at the 16th Annual Meeting of the OECD Working Party of Parliamentary Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions.
Conflicts resulting from the Creation of new Districts in Uganda
1. AN ASSESSMENT OF
CONFLICTS EMERGING FROM CREATION OF NEW DISTRICTS AND
CONSTITUENCIES IN UGANDA
JUNE 2015
KAJAGA RONNY
M&E AND LEARNING
ADVISOR USAID-SAFE
Table of Contents
Table of Contents.........................................................................................................................................................................................1
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION......................................................................................................................................................2
1.0 BACK GROUND..................................................................................................................................................................................3
2.0 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................................................................4
3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW......................................................................................................................................................................6
4.0 KEY FINDINGS OF THE ASSESSMENT........................................................................................................................................10
Annex 3: Tasks .........................................................................................................................................................................................18
1
2. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION
DCDO District Community Development Officer
UPDF Uganda People Defense force
PWDs People with Disabilities
SAFE Supporting Access to Justice Fostering Equity and Peace
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
CSO Civil Society Organization
LG Local Government
2
3. 1.0 BACK GROUND
Local government has become one of Uganda’s iconic democratic symbols, especially because of the manner in
which the process of decentralization transfers powers and functions from central government to local
government and promotes public participation at the lowest levels through established structures (Singiza and
De Visser, 2011). Before 1993, local administration structures represented state autocracy and central
government hegemony. The system of local government in Uganda is a five-tiered one, consisting of districts,
counties, sub-counties, parishes and villages. The Constitution of Uganda provides that the district is the basis
of the local government system and that it is a unit under which other lower local government and
administrative structures operate. As BakamaNume (2010) puts it, districts are centers of political and
administrative power.
The creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda is said to be necessitated by the desire to bring
services nearer to the people, as well as ensuring effective political representation.. Since the NRM government
came to power in 1986, the number of districts, as well as other administrative units, has drastically risen.
Towards the 2016 general elections, Government has proposed the creation of twenty five (25) new districts, as
3
4. well as thirty six (36) new constituencies. Currently there are 111 districts and 238 constituencies, excluding the
UPDF, PWDs, Workers, Youth and Women constituencies. The creation of 25 new districts will bring the total
number of districts to 136, while the number of constituencies will increase from the current 238 to 274.
The creation of new districts and constituencies has, often, been received with mixed reactions. The political
class across the political divide has often celebrated the creation of the new administrative units. However,
some opposition politicians have criticized the creation of these administrative units, citing their burden to the
tax payers as well as the entire effect on the public administration of the country.
In addition, the creation of new districts and constituencies has led to numerous disputes and conflict, including
boundary conflicts between the different geographical units. Because some of the districts have been created
with dominant ethnic groups in mind, there have been reports of ethnic tensions arising from the creation of the
new administrative units. It is also reported that the assumed benefit of creating the new administrative units,
notably the improvement in service delivery has not been realized, and that rather, service delivery has been
grossly undermined by the huge public administration expense dictated by the large number of public servant
hired to manage the new administrative units. All these, and other unknown factors, have led to various
conflicts associated with the creation of new districts and constituencies as the proposed assessment will
establish.
2.0 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
This section covers the approach and methods used during the assessment including the sampling process and
how it was done, data collection, data analysis and processing, precaution taken for quality control.
2.1 Assessment Methodology
2.1.1 Sampling
Purposive, random and convenience sampling were employed during selection of districts and respondents. For
instance, only SAFE districts and specific informants were selected and involved in the assessment. During
Sampling, purposive approach was used to select districts and SAFE grantees while random sampling was used
to select local government officials at district and sub-county levels (political leaders and technical officers). To
reach the respondents, random sampling was also employed to obtain respondents from the general population
(ordinary citizens).
2.2 Geographical coverage
A total of 18 districts where covered including; Gulu, Lira, Amuru, Jinja, Masaka, Hoima, Nebbi,
Moroto, Kibaale, Kiboga, Arua, Mbarara, Tororo, Soroti, Buliisa, Masindi, Mityana and Wakiso. The
districts of Mbarara, Mukono and Mbale were not be included in the assessment because SAFE is yet to
4
5. support interventions in those mentioned Districts. Mukono district has neither a SAFE grantee nor
conflict monitors. Mbale and Mbarara have only conflict monitors.
2.2.1 Respondents
The four categories of target respondents include local government officials at both district and sub-
county levels, ordinary citizens and SAFE grantees. Details of the target respondents are provided in
Table 1.
Table 1: Details of respondents
No. Category of respondent Coverage No. to be
interviewed
in each
location
Total No. of
interviewees
1 District Local Government
officials
17 districts 2 (1politician
and 1technical
officer)
34
2 Ordinary citizens
(to be involved only where
Conflict Monitors exist)
In target Communities
only
6 (to include
women and
youth)
72
3 SAFE grantees Per District where SAFE
is active
1 program
staff per
grantee/distric
t
17
TOTAL 123
2.3. Data Collection
Data sources gathered during this assessment included; secondary and primary sources. Literature from
publications, media articles and conflict monitors’ training reports were reviewed and included. Primary
data was also obtained through conducting interviews with respondents focusing on capturing qualitative
data.
2.3.1 Data Collection Methods Used
Email, telephone and face to face interviews were conducted by the SAFE team and conflict monitors.
Details of the methods that was employed for the specific respondents by the different enumerators are
provided in Annex Table 3.
5
6. 2.3.2 Tools
A brief and easy to administer open ended questionnaire was administered to all respondents. (See
Annex)
2.2.3 Ethical consideration and confidentiality
The SAFE team and conflict monitors ensured that, data collection is done in an ethical manner. SAFE
grantees received the interview questionnaire by e-mail. The SAFE team made phone calls to the grantees
prior to e-mailing the questionnaire and after the grantees have received them to ensure that any
questions regarding the assessment where answered. The grantees returned the completed questionnaire
within one week from the date of receipt of the questionnaire.
3.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
The demarcation of districts in Uganda is governed by the 1995 Constitution and is based on three factors
(Green 2008; Singiza and De Visser, 2011). First, the change or alteration to a district boundary must be based
on the need for effective administration. Secondly, it must be based on the need to bring services closer to the
people. Thirdly, the means of communication, geographical features, population density, economic viability and
the “wishes of the people concerned” must be considered. In this regard, demarcation of new districts is driven
by the need to create more space for nurturing democracy and stimulating development and service delivery at
the local level by creating closer proximity between communities and local government. Creation of districts
also recognizes diversity a value that the constitution upholds. This is expected to promote cooperation,
understanding, appreciation, tolerance and respect among citizens for each other's customs, traditions and
beliefs. Accommodation of diversity has for example led to demarcation of new districts for minority groups
such as the Baruli and Banayala who are found in the districts of Naksongola and Kayunga.
Following the post-1993 decentralization programme, the number of districts in Uganda, has since grown in
leaps and bounds. According to Singiza and De Visser (2011) there were 33 districts in 1988 however, the
number of districts over the last decade indicates a progressive increase. For example, between 1986 and 1997,
11 new districts were created. In 2000, 11 new districts were created while in 2005, the year preceding the 2006
elections, 22 new districts were created. In 2006, the year following the elections, 9 districts were created, and
the total number grew to 112 (including Kampala) by the end of 2010, up from 79 in 2006. By 2008, Uganda
6
7. had experienced a near explosion in the number of districts, going from 39 to 79 in less than a decade (Green,
2008).
According to the New Vision newspaper published on July 19 2012, the government through the ministry of
Local Government announced creation of an additional 25 districts. This was to be effected in phases until July
2015, following approval by parliament.
The district is a basic unit within which electoral areas are determined and therefore, counties represent
constituencies for national elections. Creation of new districts inevitably increases the number of new
constituencies which have to be created for national elections (Singiza and De Visser, 2011).
Creation of new Districts is a form of Decentralization by government where powers and functions are
transferred from central government to local government with the aim of promoting public participation at the
lowest levels through Established structures as stated in the long title to local government Act Cap 234.
The system of local government in Uganda is a five tiered one consisting of Districts; Counties, Sub-counties,
parishes and villages or wards. Only Districts, cities and municipalities and sub-counties are legal persons with
capacity to sue and be sued and vested with Executive and Legislature powers.1
The Autonomy of Local Government finds expression in the powers and functions of Districts as the main unit
of local governance.2
Districts are centers of political and administrative powers3
and they are mandated to
perform a range of functions which include: - they provide Education services as well as medical and health
services by running Hospitals. They are further tasked with provision of maternity and child welfare services
and control of communicable Diseases such as HIV/AIDS, leprosy and tuberculosis. Districts also are mandated
to control the spread of Diseases and provide Rural Ambulance and primary Health care. In addition, Districts
provide water services, including maintenance of water supplies in liaison with the relevant line ministry.
Finally Districts are required to provide Road services.4
Therefore the creation of new Districts is very relevant and useful in Uganda if it is made on 3 broad principles
which are: the change or alteration to a District Boundary must be based on the need for effective
Administration; secondly it must be based on the need to bring services closer to the people and thirdly the
1
Sec 6 of local government Act Cap 234
2
Art 176(1) of 195 constitution.
3
Art 177(1) 1995 constitution
4
Part 1 of second schedule of local government Act (cap 234)
7
8. means of communication, geographical features and population density, economic viability and wishes of
people concerned must be considered5
.
Therefore if the creation of new Districts was based on the above principles, it would be viable and necessary
in that new employment opportunities would be created, service delivery would be improved and created,
service delivery would be improved and democratic principles of public participation would be fostered in the
local level and monitoring and Evaluation of government projects and activities would be more effective. In
addition increasing the number of local government units would promote closer proximity of communities to
their leaders which promotes good governance, since communities are given a chance to demand explanations
more quickly and more easily from smaller local government units than from big local government units. The
creation of new Districts would also enhance the states’ Ability to address poverty as decision-making at lowest
levels is able to synchronize development with needs of communities.6
However despite the existence of criteria for creating new districts, there is evidence that some of the newly
created districts serve as inducements to communities to vote for a specific political party the National
Resistance Movement which has the majority Number of members in parliament. Oloka Onyango remarks that,
“the strategy of District Proliferation has been adopted by President Museveni as a means of dispensing
patronage and ultimately of splintering challenges to central government hegemony and control.7
Therefore this
procedure has affected Ugandan state from realizing its social-economic rights.
Reports of Newly created Districts paints a grim picture, “for more than 10 months now, Luuka District which
has a population of more than 200,000 people continues to manage without a single medical doctor and as a
result the delivery of Health services is severely hampered.Only a single Health Centre Exists in the New
Districts carved out of Iganga but renders services not be fitting for a facility of its grade”.8
Due to Uganda’s high illiteracy rate, low levels of income and high levels of unemployment, it is most likely
that a considerable number of people elected as District Councilors and other staff consider their new offices as
a means to escape poverty. This is evidenced by the Auditor General’s report of 2009 which notes wide spread
financial Mismanagement and corruption in the local government revenue, excessive expenditure without
5
Art 179 (4) of 1995 constitution
6
Chewing more than one can swallow : the creation of New Districts in Uganda by Douglas karekona singiza
7
Oloka Onnyango J,” Decentralisation without Human Rights?”local governance and Access to Justice in post-
movements Uganda” HURIPEE working paper 2007
8
9. Authority, poor accountability, Un vouched expenditure, irregular procurement of goods and services, Non-
remittance to URA, diversion of funds and wasteful expenditure.9
Also the 2009 Annual Assessment of minimum conditions and performance measures for local governments,
assessed local governments in areas such as compliance levels with legal and policy guidelines in finance and
Accounting, procurement and Disposal regulations, capacity to manage discretionary development and
highlighted that of the 80 Districts assessed, only 42% were rewarded for good performance, 30% were labeled
static meaning there was no improvement while 28% penalized for under performance10
. Therefore in
conclusion, although creation of new Districts has positive impact to growth of Uganda and ensures that
communities can participate in local politics which they can be identified with, the creation of these districts and
Constituencies must be backed by valid reasons highlighted above if they are to be effective and improve
conditions of local persons.
8
Daily Monitor 7th
April 2011 at http.//.www.monitor.co.ug.
9
Annual report of Auditor General for the year ended 30th
June 2009 volume3 Local Authorities pg 7-47
10
Annual Assessment of minimum Auditor and performance measures for local govts : synthesis report march (2010)9
9
10. 4.0 KEY FINDINGS OF THE ASSESSMENT
4.1. Opinion regarding the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda
According to stakeholders and citizens SAFE interacted with ; creation of new constituencies and districts
wouldn’t have been a bad idea, rather, the units are being created out of political influence and interest. The
Assistant Chief administrative Officer of Kibale remarks that “Buyaga and Bungangaizi counties, were also
divided into two in 2010 out of political influence and not service delivery. i.e. Buyaga East and Buyaga West
& Bungangayize East and Bungangayizi West”.
The Creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda is costly to the citizens because of high
expenses to develop them. These therefore comes with; increase in the number of Members of Parliament
which demand additional budget to facilitate them. The country is becoming indebted due to increased
government expenditure and recurrent expenditures which comes as result of creating new districts and
constituencies.
In addition, the creation of new Districts is uncalled for and intentioned for political manipulation and
one of the regime survival ways and strategy for enhancing political patronage system. It is a time bomb
that awaits detonation since there is bound to be a lot of conflicts most often degenerate into violent
conflicts including ethno-political disagreements, boundary conflicts, resources utilization skirmishes,
promotes intolerance in terms since the creation may be based on favoring a certain category of people or
10
11. religion, that is why you hear statements like “This constituency was created for me please, do not
dare”( DCDO Gulu).
The practice is politically motivated and has no positive bearing on local governance. The creation of new
districts is just a burden to Local Governments because new administrative units encroach on the already
minimal resources. There is no direct linkage between the creation of new administrative units and
improvement on social service delivery.
Besides, it has been noted that, the assumed benefit of creating the new administrative units, notably the
improvement in service delivery has not been realized, rather, service delivery has been grossly undermined by
the huge public administration expense dictated by the large number of public servants hired to manage the new
administrative units.
The creation of new districts has however come with key associated benefits includingbringing the
services closer to the people, employment opportunities, health services, improved road network, power
and participation of the local community members in the government interventions.
4.2. Conflicts caused as a result of creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda
The most common conflicts noted as a result of creation of new districts ranges from; Land conflict
where people struggle for boundaries, political conflicts especially during election among politicians
where individuals due to greed struggle to attain power or secure more votes by inciting groups and
boundaries conflicts as discussed below;
The creation of Bullisa District in July 2006 caused violent clashes between members of the majority Bagungu
Ethnic group and Banyarwanda pastrolists known locally as Balaalo. Accusations that Balaalo had allowed their
cattle to graze onto Bagungu agricultural land and destroy crops led to bloody clashes in June and July 2007
Drawing anti-Riot Police and attempts by central government to resettle Balolo elsewhere in Uganda. Despite
evidence that Balaalo first purchased land in the region in 2003, it is not able to note that there is no record of
Bagungu/ Balaalo clashes before creation of Buliisa District. In addition new districts has resulted to creation
of factions like the BERO and Umoja in Buliisa District which has caused conflictsand sometimes
aggression between tribes.
In addition, Eastern Uganda tension erupted between the Iteso of Tororo and Jupadhola escalated after decision
of government to split Tororo District in to two: Mukuju District for the Iteso and Kisoko District for the
11
12. Jupadhola. Whereas the Iteso welcomed this move, Jupadhola where are angry at the split and are owing to do
all it takes to keep Tororo District intact.11
Pader and Lira border conflict led to fight between the Lango and the Acholi. Initially Pader was in
Kitgum District, after the new creation, the district leaders of pader and Lira started struggling on the
border issues between the two districts, and the matter was mediated by the paramount chiefs of both
tribes but people around the border still live in fear of one another because it caused lost of lives and
destruction of property.
Currently there is a bitter conflict between Mubenda and Kibaale Districts over the boundaries, there are
also internal geographical conflicts among sub-counties because when districts are created the other
lower units are also created. In addition there also natural resource related conflicts especially regarding
access, utilization and management. For example Kibaale and Mubenda have been in arms on who should
be in charge of some areas in regard to collection of revenues i.e the Ccess Tax.
It increase tribal conflict like in case of Buliisa District where Bugungu feel that they are the native of
Buliisa District all jobs and political positions must be felt by Bugungu not any other tribes. This has
greatly affected service delivery. Where the sub-county is dominated by other tribes the service is poor
and level of education is low.
Besides, in North East and West Nile region a number of border /boundary conflicts between the new and
the former district over resources and location of key infrastructures have greatly increased as a result of
creation of new districts including; Adjumani and Amuru districts along the border areas of Apar Joka in
Pabbo sub-county, Elegu and Bibia in Atiak sub county, Napak and Moroto borders over Nadunget area
among others. In Moroto District the Tepeth constituency to be granted has already caused conflict
among the locals, because the areas rich in the minerals like gold, marble, silver, will be curbed under
Tepeth, the question is how will the other communities that are not Tepeth benefit?. At the moment the
constituency has been grated but not yet passed because the politicians of the Tepeth and the Matheniko
are disagreeing on reasons of land boundaries and minerals.
Tribal and religious clashes and disintegration of communities also emerge as some tribes fund
themselves in a different location altogether where they didn’t belong previously with different groups.
For instance Alur of Nebbi district and the Acholi in the newly created district of Nwoya, The Moslem
11
Independent magazine 30th
June 2009.
12
13. community in Eastern Budama feel left out in key positions in Tororo municipality hence are among
those agitating for district status.
4.3. Challenges and consequences of the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda
Creation of new Districts increases government expenditure to establish facilities including, district
headquarters and labour wages and increases on supervision burdens of central government and therefore
creation of new districts overlaps governments already Deficit Budget. It is estimated that the wages and
salaries for a new district cost Shs. 1.2Billion (Us $500) per annum. Therefore creation of New Districts puts
pressure on local government’s staff expenditure and diverts resources needed for service delivery to
administrative and salary costs and therefore since districts create little revenue in terms of Self-financing, An
increase in the number of districts results in greater dependency to central government for financing resulting
into deficit budgets.
Growth of districts also has an impact on human resources and technical capacity. Every district must have a
Districts Chairperson as a political head, a vice chairperson, speaker and Deputy Speaker and councilors
including those councilors that cater for special groups such as women, youth and disabled ,with number of
Districts now standing at over 112, this makes Uganda one of most governed countries in sub-Saharan Africa
and therefore compromises the capacity of local government system to produce quality District representative
such as Councilors in that some cannot speak English in some Districts which makes their output and
effectiveness to promotion of service delivery lacking.
Besides the above, it has increased breeding ground for corruption leading to poor service delivery to the
community, conflicts within the district and un equal resource allocation.
Creation of these constituencies and districts are believed to be given as a reward for political support,
this has resulted too greedy for power, encourages ethnic divisions with its associated challenges
including, conflict over boundaries, poor service delivery due to lack of skills man power and financial
resources and poor service delivery due to inadequate local revenue and over-dependence on the central
government
4.4. Recommendations
There is need to create an independent body whose role is to advise government on creation of a new district
once the need arises so as to ensure that the process is free from political manipulation. In addition there is need
for promulgation of an Act of parliament which calls for public hearings of people affected before creation of a
new district.
13
14. Criteria for creating new districts must be based on administrative consideration and service delivery criteria which
includes promotion of democratic citizenship, improvement of efficiency and special regard must be given to other
territories occupied by specific cultural linguistic and ethnic communities.
Government should consider benchmarks like ability of the area to raise substantial revenue from its
locally available resources to support its activities before the creation of new districts.
Government should embark on creation of new sub-counties and parishes to ensure services are taken closer to
the people this will greatly improve service delivery since these will bear minimal cost compared to creation of
new districts.
Annex 1: Questionnaire
Introduction:
This interview tool is being administered by USAID SAFE program. The purpose is for the program to gain an
understanding of the nature of conflicts that have emerged as a result of creation of new districts and
constituencies. Your participation in this exercise is important to SAFE and it is simply for programming
purposes. SAFE appreciates your participation and promises to keep the information you provide confidential.
Thank you.
Date: …………………………………… District: …………………………………..
Category of Respondent: …………………………………………. (e.g, CSO, Local government, Ordinary citizen)
Questions:
Citizens (to be interviewed by Conflict Monitors):
1. Has the creation of new districts and constituencies caused conflict in your area?
2. If yes, please explain the conflict(s) caused.
3. Do you support the creation of districts?
4. Why do you say so?
LG officials (to be interviewed by Mobile Coordinators):
14
15. 1. What is your opinion regarding the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda?
2. Has the creation of new districts and constituencies caused conflict in your area?
3. If yes, please explain the conflict(s) caused.
4. What are the challenges and consequences of the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda?
5. Do you have any other views regarding the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda?
Following what the respondent has provided under question 5, please note that it would be good to understand whether the
respondent(s) personally support the creation of districts or not, and why not.
Grantees (to be interviewed by SAFE staff):
1. What is your opinion regarding the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda?
2. Has the creation of new districts and constituencies caused conflict in your area?
3. If yes, please explain the conflict(s) caused.
4. What are the challenges and consequences of the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda?
5. Do you have any other views regarding the creation of new districts and constituencies in Uganda?
Following what the respondent has provided under question 5, please note that it would be good to understand whether the
respondent(s) personally support the creation of districts or not, and why not.
15
16. Annex 2: Table summarizing respondents and methods of data collection
NO District Category of respondent
(Grantee, Local Gov, public)
No of respondents No of Conflict
Monitors to engage
Method of data collection Person responsible
1 Gulu CAP 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II)
LG -District 2 Face to face interview MC
2 Lira AYINET 1 Lira: 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II )
LG-District 2 Face to face interview MB
General Public 5 Face to face interview CM
3 Amuru LG-District 2 Face to face interview MC
JRP 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II)
4 Jinja FHRI 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp I )
5 Masaka FHRI 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp I )
6 Hoima MIRAC 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II )
LG-District 2 Face to face interview MC
7 Nebbi LICO 1 Nebbi: 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II )
LG-District 2 Face to face interview MC
General public 5 Face to face interview CM
8 Moroto WSF 1 Moroto: 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II)
LG-District 2 Face to face interview MC
General Public 5 Face to face interview CM
9 Kibaale WVU 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II )
LG-district 2 Face to face interview MC
10 Kiboga ULS 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp I )
11 Arua LICO 1 Arua: 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II )
LG-district 2 Face to face interview CM
General Public 5 Face to face interview CM
12 Tororo ABC 1 Tororo: 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II)
LG-District 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II)
LG-sub county 2 Face to face interview CM
General Public 5 Face to face interview CM
13 Soroti TAC 2 Soroti: 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II )
LG-district 2 Email/Call MC
LG-Sub county 2 Face to face interview CM
General Public 5 Face to face interview CM
14 Buliisa BIRUDO 4 Email/Call SAFE (Comp II )
LG-District 2 Face to face interview MC
15 Masindi Masindi NGO Forum 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp I )
LG-District 2 Face to face interview MC
16 Mityana LG district 2 Email/Call SAFE (Comp I )
Page 16 of 18
17. 17 Wakiso CJ&P 1 Email/Call SAFE (Comp I )
Page 17 of 18
18. Annex 3: Tasks
Activity Timeline Responsibility Specific responsibility
Planning and tool development 18th
& 26th
May Comp 11, COP, M&E
Methodology write-up and review 27th
-29th
May M&E, Comp 11, COP,
Comp 1
Briefing Mobile Coordinators 4 June COP, Comp 11
Contacting and Briefing Conflict Monitors, Mobile Coordinator
and SAFE grantees
Call and send e-mails to grantees
Brief MCs (e-mail them the tool)
Guide MCs on data transcription
Brief CMs
4-5 June Comp 11, Comp I Brief MCs (Samson)
Call & brief Grantees (Samson)
E-mail Grantees (Samson)
Undertaking literature review 8-12 June Agnes
Data Collection at different levels (by mobile coordinators,
conflict monitors & SAFE staff)
Conflict monitors interview their respondents
Mobile coordinators interview their respondents
SAFE staff interview grantees
Call grantees & ensure that they have returned completed
questionnaires
Call Mobile Coordinators & ensure that they have returned
completed transcribed data
8-12 June Comp 11, Mobile
Coordinators, Conflict
Monitors, Comp 1
Ronny (Grantees)
Samson (Grantees)
Albert (Conflict Monitors)
Douglas (Conflict Monitors)
Call Mobile Coordinators (Samson)
Data Analysis and Reporting 15 -19 June M&E, Comp 11 Ronny; Agnes; Samson
Review of report and submission to US Embassy 22-26 June COP, Communications
Specialist
Ronny to send agreed draft
Page 18 of 18