This slide is consist of computer and its basic part along with all first five generations. This slide is design specially for those who are not from computer back ground but has some interest to know about computers.

1. Click to edit Master title style
1
Computers and Its Generations
To f i q u e A h m e d C h a n d i o
B E C o m p u t e r S y s t e m E n g i n e e r i n g
M E I n f o r m a t i o n Te c h n o l o g y
E m a i l : t o f i q u e a h m e d 7 0 0 @ y a h o o . c o m

2. Click to edit Master title style
2
Index
 Intr oduc tion to C omputer
 Bas ic Par ts of C omputer
 H is tor y of C omputer s
 Gener ations of C omputer
 Pic torial Diagram of Generations
 C omputer us age in differ ent fields
2

3. Click to edit Master title style
3
What is Computer??
A c o m p u t e r i s a d e v i c e t h a t c a n b e i n s t r u c t e d t o
c a r r y o u t s e q u e n c e s o f a r i t h m e t i c o r l o g i c a l
o p e r a t i o n s a u t o m a t i c a l l y v i a c o m p u t e r
p r o g r a m m i n g .
M o d e r n c o m p u t e r s h a v e t h e a b i l i t y t o f o l l o w
g e n e r a l i z e d s e t s o f o p e r a t i o n s , c a l l e d p r o g r a m s .
T h e s e p r o g r a m s e n a b l e c o m p u t e r s t o p e r f o r m a n
e x t r e m e l y w i d e r a n g e o f t a s k s
H o w i t i s ? ? L e t ' s S e e e …
3

4. Click to edit Master title style
4
How Computer Works??
4

5. Click to edit Master title style
5
Parts of Computer
5

6. Click to edit Master title style
6
Parts with Specifications
Input Devices:
1: Mouse
2: Keyboard
3: Mice
4: Joystick
Output Devices:
1: Monitor
2: Printer
3: Scanner

7. Click to edit Master title style
7
Generations of Computer
1940 – 1956: First Generation – Vacuum Tubes:
These early computers used vacuum tubes as circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. As a result
they were enormous, literally taking up entire rooms and costing a fortune to run. These computers were
limited to solving one problem at a time. Input was based on punched cards and paper tape. Output came out
on print-outs.
1956 – 1963: Second Generation – Transistors:
The replacement of vacuum tubes by transistors saw the advent of the second generation of
computing. The language evolved from cryptic binary language to symbolic (‘assembly’) languages. This
meant programmers could create instructions in words. About the same time high level programming
languages were being developed (early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN).
7

8. Click to edit Master title style
8
Generations of Computer
1964 – 1971: Third Generation – Integrated Circuits:
By this phase, transistors were now being miniaturized and put on silicon chips (called
semiconductors). This led to a massive increase in speed and efficiency of these machines. These were
the first computers where users interacted using keyboards and monitors which interfaced with an
operating system.
1972 – 2010: Fourth Generation – Microprocessors
This revolution can be summed in one word: Intel. The chip-maker developed the Intel 4004
chip in 1971, which positioned all computer components (CPU, memory, input/output controls) onto a
single chip. What filled a room in the 1940s now fit in the palm of the hand. The Intel chip housed
thousands of integrated circuits. The year 1981 saw the first ever computer (IBM) specifically designed
for home use and 1984 saw the MacIntosh introduced by Apple.
2010- : Fifth Generation – Artificial Intelligence:
Computer devices with artificial intelligence are still in development, but some of these
technologies are beginning to emerge and be used such as voice recognition.
AI is a reality made possible by using parallel processing and superconductors. Leaning to the future,
computers will be radically transformed again by quantum computation, molecular and nano technology
8

9. Click to edit Master title style
9
Pictorial Diagram of Generations
9

10. Click to edit Master title style
10
Computer in present world

11. Click to edit Master title style
11
Thank You