Tablet compression is the process of turning powdered pharmaceutical ingredients into solid dosage forms like tablets through pressure, aiming for precise dosage and stability. The process involves stages such as granulation, blending, feeding, compression, and ejection, utilizing methods like wet and dry granulation. Key challenges include maintaining tablet integrity, managing weight variation, and optimizing equipment settings for consistent quality.

1. Compression of Granules into
Tablets
Presented by: Armaan Khan

2. Introduction to Tablet Compression
• Definition: Tablet compression is the process
of transforming a powder or granular blend of
active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and
excipients into a solid dosage form, typically
tablets, by applying pressure using a tablet
press machine.
• The primary goals are to achieve precise
dosage, uniformity, stability, and ease of
administration.

3. • Aim: To create a solid dose form with specific
weight, shape, and hardness.
• Applications: Tablet compression has a wide
range of applications, particularly in the
pharmaceutical industry.
• For example: Medicinal Tablets, Vitamins and
Supplements, Effervescent Tablets.

4. The Tablet Compression Process
• Granulation: The process typically starts with
granulation, where the powdered ingredients
are aggregated to improve flow and handling.
• Blending: The granules are blended with other
ingredients, including binders, disintegrants,
lubricants, and sometimes colorants or
flavorings, to ensure uniform distribution of
the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).

5. • Feeding: The blend is fed into the tablet press
machine, which precisely controls the amount
of material delivered into the dies.
• Compression: The blend is compressed into
tablets using punches and dies in the tablet
press. This involves two key stages:
Pre-compression
Main Compression

6. Why Compress Granules?
• Uniform Dosage: Ensures consistent active
ingredient distribution.
• Improved Flow Properties: Granules flow
better than powders, preventing clogging in
tablet press.
• Enhanced Stability: Granules improve physical
and chemical stability.

7. Stages of Tablet Compression
• 1. Die Filling: Granules enter the die cavity.
• 2. Compression: Upper and lower punches
compress the granules.
• 3. Ejection: The compressed tablet is pushed
out of the die.

8. Types of Granulation Methods
• Wet Granulation: Uses a liquid binder to
agglomerate powder particles.
• Dry Granulation: Involves compaction of
powder without a liquid binder, ideal for
moisture-sensitive materials.
• Direct Compression: Directly compresses
powders into tablets; suitable for materials
with good flow and compressibility.

9. Tablet Compression Machines
• Single-Station Press: A simple, low-capacity
press with one die-punch pair.
• Rotary Press: High-capacity machine with
multiple die-punch stations, ideal for mass
production.

12. Challenges in Tablet Compression
• Capping & Lamination: Separation of tablet
layers due to insufficient binding.
• Sticking & Picking: Granules stick to the punch,
disrupting tablet surface.
• Weight Variation: Caused by inconsistent flow
or granule size.
• Tablet Hardness Control: Balancing
compression force to achieve the right
hardness.

16. Optimizing the Compression
Process
• Granule Characteristics: Improve flowability
and density.
• Equipment Calibration: Regularly check
machine settings for accuracy.
• Environmental Control: Maintain humidity and
temperature levels.
• Quality Control: Conduct regular inspections
to ensure batch consistency.

17. Conclusion
• Summary: Tablet compression is essential for
producing uniform, stable, and effective
dosage forms.
• Ensuring high-quality tablet production is vital
for patient safety and efficacy.

18. THANKYOU