Composition of Earth’s Interior

1. Composition of Earth’s
Interior

2. Objectives
• To enumerate the different layers of the
Earth’s Interior
• To describe each layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• To explain how scientist discovered and
describe the layers of the Earth’ Interior

3. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer Core
• Inner Core

4. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer Core
• Inner Core

5. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Crust
 Outermost portion of the
earth
 Two Types:
- Continental crust
- Oceanic Crust

6. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Crust
 Continental crust
- Mostly granite and basalt
- 35 – 40 km
 Oceanic crust
- Mostly basalt only
- 7 – 10 km

7. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Crust
 Continental crust
- Mostly granite and basalt
- 35 – 40 km
 Oceanic crust
- Mostly basalt only
- 7 – 10 km

8. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Crust
 Continental crust
- Mostly granite and basalt
- 35 – 40 km
 Oceanic crust
- Mostly basalt only
- 7 – 10 km

9. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Elements in the Earth’s
Crust

10. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Elements in
the Earth’s
Crust
Element Percentage
Oxygen 46.60%
Silicon 27.72%
Aluminum 8.13%
Iron 5.00%
Calcium 3.63%
Sodium 2.83%
Potassium 2.59%
Magnesium 2.09%
Titanium 0.40%
Hydrogen 0.14%

11. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Mantle
 2886 km in thickness
 Two portions:
- Upper Mantle – Si, O, Fe, Mg
- Lower Mantle– more of Fe

12. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Mantle
 Temperature –
- Upper (500 – 9000C)
- Lower near core
boundary (40000C)

13. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Mantle
 Temperature –
- Upper (500 – 9000C)
- Lower near core
boundary (40000C)

14. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Mantle
 Temperature and Pressure in
Mantle

15. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer Core
• Inner Core

16. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Mantle
-Rigid layer while
some are plastic
- Asthenosphere

17. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Mantle
 Mohorovicic
discontinuity
 Gutenberg
discontinuity

18. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Mantle
 Mohorovicic
discontinuity
 Gutenberg
discontinuity

19. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Outer Core
 2300 km thick
 made from Fe and Ni
 Temperature = 2,000°C

20. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Outer Core
 Magnetic field
 Liquid State

21. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Inner Core
 made from Fe and Ni
 Solid state
 Temperature = 5,000°C

22. Layers of the Earth’s
Interior
• Inner Core
 Pressure freezing

23. What are the layers of the Earth?
Answer
(Do not Press)

24. What is the most abundant element in Earth’s
crust?
Si
Mg
O
Al

25. What makes oceanic crust denser than
continental crust?
Granite
Basalt

26. Enumerate the layers of the earth in
order (from inside to outside)
Answer
(Do not Press)

27. Why does asthenosphere is flowing?
Answer
(Do not Press)

28. What causes inner core to be solid even
the temperature is high?
Answer
(Do not Press)

29. Which comes first (from crust to inner
core)
Mohorovicic discontinuity
Beno discontinuity

30. Enumerate the 10 elements abundant
in crust
Answer
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31. Where does the Earth’s Magnetic field
possibly came from?
Crust
Mantle
Inner Core
Outer core

32. Give conclusion to the lesson
Using the objectives
Answer
Do not Press