The document discusses the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives in English. It explains that the comparative form uses "-er" and "than" to compare two people or things, while the superlative form uses "the" plus "-est" to compare three or more people or things. Examples are provided such as "taller than" and "the tallest". Long adjectives are compared using "more" or "most". Exercises are included for the reader to practice forming comparative and superlative adjective sentences.