Community Mental Health
Lecture 10
1
1
Overview
Know what is meant by Mental Health, Mental Disorder, Mental Illness, and DSM-V
Understand examples of mental disorders
Emphasis on stress & suicide
Understand mental health challenges
Understand goals of mental disorder treatment
2
2
Introduction
Mental health: Individual’s social and emotional well-being
Mental disorders: Health conditions characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress and/or impaired functioning (or, disruption of social/emotional well-being)
Mental illness: All diagnosable mental disorders
Diagnosis through DSM-V
3
3
Introduction
Mental health: Individual’s social and emotional well-being
Mental disorders: Health conditions characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress and/or impaired functioning (or, disruption of social/emotional well-being)
Mental illness: All diagnosable mental disorders
Diagnosis through DSM-V
4
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (“DSM-V” or “DSM-5”)
Most influential book in mental health
Published by American Psychiatric Association (APA)
Classifies disorders based on behavioral signs and symptoms rather than definitive tests or measurements of brain or another body system
4
Introduction
Causes of disability for all ages combined (U.S., Canada, & Western Europe, 2000)
5
5
Mental Disorders: Overview
May arise from various causes:
Poor prenatal care; postnatal environment; genetics; environmental factors; brain function impairment; substance abuse; maladaptive family functioning; stress
Various types of mental disorders exist
Focus on some well-known disorders in this class
6
Mental Disorders: Overview
May arise from various causes:
Poor prenatal care; postnatal environment; genetics; environmental factors; brain function impairment; substance abuse; maladaptive family functioning; stress
Various types of mental disorders exist
Focus on some well-known disorders in this class
7
Stress is a contemporary problem in mental health
Stress: Individual’s psychological and physiological response to real or perceived stressors
Acute vs. chronic (by amount of time)
Eustress vs. distress (by nature of influence)
Stressor: Any real or perceived physical, social, or psychological event or stimulus that causes our bodies to react or respond (can be internal/external)
Mental Disorders: Overview
May arise from various causes:
Poor prenatal care; postnatal environment; genetics; environmental factors; brain function impairment; substance abuse; maladaptive family functioning; stress
Various types of mental disorders exist
Focus on some well-known disorders in this class
8
Individuals typically go through three stages when responding to stressors, known as general adaptation syndrome
General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Alarm (initiate “fight or flight” response)
Resistance (sustained high resistance to stress)
Exhaustion (Bod.
The document discusses influences on mental health and illness. It defines mental health as optimal functioning and mental illness as functional impairment. Cultural factors can impact how individuals view and experience mental illness. Prolonged stress can lead to physical and psychological responses like anxiety, defense mechanisms, and potentially psychosis. Diagnosis of mental illness involves using the DSM system across five axes. Treating mental illness faces challenges like stigma, access to care, and cost issues.
The document discusses mental health, including definitions, common disorders, and the Philippine Mental Health Law. It defines mental health as cognitive, behavioral and emotional well-being. Common disorders include anxiety disorders, mood disorders like depression, and schizophrenia. Anxiety disorders are the most common and include panic disorder, phobias, OCD, and PTSD. Mood disorders involve changes in mood like depression and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia typically begins between ages 15-25 and involves symptoms like delusions and hallucinations. The most common mental illnesses in the Philippines are schizophrenia, substance abuse, PTSD, and depression. The Philippine Mental Health Law was passed in 2018 to enhance mental health services and protections.
The document discusses mental health and illness, including definitions, causes, symptoms, stigma and discrimination, and the Indian Mental Health Act of 1987. Some key points covered include:
- Mental health is defined as a state of well-being and ability to cope with stress and function productively. Mental illness refers to conditions that affect cognition, emotion, or behavior.
- Mental illnesses have biological, psychological, and social causes, and are not due to personal weakness. They can cause suffering, disability, and increased mortality.
- The Indian Mental Health Act of 1987 aimed to safeguard rights of the mentally ill and regulate institutions, but was criticized for not fully reflecting medical considerations or removing criminal stigma.
A WHO guideline provides recommendations for primary care physicians in diagnosing and managing common mental disorders. Research shows that 24% of primary care patients have a mental disorder, but many cases remain undetected. The guideline includes screening questions and flowcharts to aid diagnosis of disorders like depression, anxiety, alcohol use, sleep problems, and somatic complaints. It provides advice on treatment, follow up, and when to refer to a specialist. The categories were chosen based on factors like prevalence, effective treatments, cultural applicability, and consistency with ICD-10.
The document discusses the classification and assessment of abnormal behavior. It provides information on how abnormal behavior is classified in the DSM manual. The DSM recognizes mental disorders as involving emotional distress, impaired functioning, or risky behavior. It also classifies generalized anxiety disorder and provides its diagnostic criteria and treatment options. The document explains the different axes of the DSM classification system.
The document discusses influences on mental health and illness. It defines mental health as optimal functioning and mental illness as functional impairment. Cultural factors can impact how individuals view and experience mental illness. Prolonged stress can lead to physical and psychological responses like anxiety, defense mechanisms, and potentially psychosis. Diagnosis of mental illness involves using the DSM system across five axes. Treating mental illness faces challenges like stigma, access to care, and cost issues.
The document discusses mental health, including definitions, common disorders, and the Philippine Mental Health Law. It defines mental health as cognitive, behavioral and emotional well-being. Common disorders include anxiety disorders, mood disorders like depression, and schizophrenia. Anxiety disorders are the most common and include panic disorder, phobias, OCD, and PTSD. Mood disorders involve changes in mood like depression and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia typically begins between ages 15-25 and involves symptoms like delusions and hallucinations. The most common mental illnesses in the Philippines are schizophrenia, substance abuse, PTSD, and depression. The Philippine Mental Health Law was passed in 2018 to enhance mental health services and protections.
The document discusses mental health and illness, including definitions, causes, symptoms, stigma and discrimination, and the Indian Mental Health Act of 1987. Some key points covered include:
- Mental health is defined as a state of well-being and ability to cope with stress and function productively. Mental illness refers to conditions that affect cognition, emotion, or behavior.
- Mental illnesses have biological, psychological, and social causes, and are not due to personal weakness. They can cause suffering, disability, and increased mortality.
- The Indian Mental Health Act of 1987 aimed to safeguard rights of the mentally ill and regulate institutions, but was criticized for not fully reflecting medical considerations or removing criminal stigma.
A WHO guideline provides recommendations for primary care physicians in diagnosing and managing common mental disorders. Research shows that 24% of primary care patients have a mental disorder, but many cases remain undetected. The guideline includes screening questions and flowcharts to aid diagnosis of disorders like depression, anxiety, alcohol use, sleep problems, and somatic complaints. It provides advice on treatment, follow up, and when to refer to a specialist. The categories were chosen based on factors like prevalence, effective treatments, cultural applicability, and consistency with ICD-10.
The document discusses the classification and assessment of abnormal behavior. It provides information on how abnormal behavior is classified in the DSM manual. The DSM recognizes mental disorders as involving emotional distress, impaired functioning, or risky behavior. It also classifies generalized anxiety disorder and provides its diagnostic criteria and treatment options. The document explains the different axes of the DSM classification system.
DR CONSTANT MOUTON - COULD DUAL DIAGNOSIS BE THE KEY TO PERSONALISED TREATMEN...iCAADEvents
As our knowledge about addiction is increasing the association between mental illness and addiction is better understood. The controversy about the appropriateness of the term Dual Diagnosis to describe such a heterogeneous group of patients has sparked a debate on treatment and assessment models. It highlighted the fact that as far as treatment modalities are concerned, one size might just not fit all. Dr Mouton reviews current knowledge on comorbidity in the addiction field. Focusing on more than psychiatric comorbidity, he also looks at physical, social, psychological, spiritual and cultural components affected by addiction. Describing the role of the psychiatrist in addiction care he poses the questions: What if dual diagnosis is actually the key to better understanding of our patients? What if this knowledge leads to more individualised treatments? And are we ready for personalised treatment in the addiction field?
This document discusses mental health and illness from several perspectives. It defines mental health and illness, compares physical and mental illness, and outlines the prevalence of mental disorders in India according to WHO classifications. It describes the burden of disease from mental illness and common disorders seen in India. The document also discusses models of mental illness, risk factors, signs and symptoms, and approaches to prevention and treatment including through community-based programs like the District Mental Health Program.
This program is part of a comprehensive School Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide.
Find out more about the guide by visiting:
teenmentalhealth.org
This PowerPoint Presentation reviews common mental health disorders and highlights evidence-based strategies for supervising justice-involved individuals with mental health diagnoses. It will be presented at the 2019 State of Maryland Behavioral Health Symposium by Aaron Wonneman and Ginger Miller.
Presented by: Dr. Melissa Graham, SAPD Psychologist
Jeanie Paradise, Clinical Director Crisis Care Center
Lt. Teri Neal, Director SAPD Communications Unit
Emile Clede, SAPD Communications Training Coordinator
An addiction is a chronic dysfunction of the brain system that involves reward, motivation, and memory. It’s about the way your body craves a substance or behavior, especially if it causes a compulsive or obsessive pursuit of “reward” and lack of concern over consequences.
The document discusses psychopathology and psychological disorders. It defines psychopathology as patterns of emotions, behaviors, or thoughts that are inappropriate for a situation and cause distress or prevent important goals. Over 15% of Americans suffer from diagnosable mental health issues in a given year. Psychological disorders exist on a continuum from mild to severe, with more extreme cases exhibiting hallucinations, delusions, or abnormal emotions. While the medical model views disorders as diseases, psychologists see them as involving biological, psychological, social, and behavioral factors. The DSM-IV provides standardized criteria for diagnosing disorders. Mood disorders like major depression and bipolar disorder involve abnormal emotions or moods.
Mental health and psychiatric nursing notes.
These notes helped me through nursing school . They have a good frame work for better understanding and reference.
This document discusses mental health and illness. It defines mental health and lists some of its effects. Mental illness is caused by abnormal brain functioning and can cause thinking, emotional, and sleep problems. Common mental disorders mentioned include depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. The document also summarizes a study conducted on mental health status of university students in India which found high rates of mood changes, anger, and substance abuse among hostel residents. It concludes by emphasizing that those with mental illness should have their rights and contributions to society respected.
Psychiatric Disorders in Chemically Dependent Individuals - October 2012Dawn Farm
This program provides an overview of co-occurring addiction and psychiatric illness, including standard diagnostic criteria, individual considerations for determining the appropriate course of treatment, available treatment interventions, and the perspectives of both the addict and the treatment provider on addiction and psychiatric illness. It is presented by Dr. Patrick Gibbons, LMSW, DO; Adjunct Clinical Instructor in Psychiatry at the University of Michigan; Medical Director of the WCHO Community Crisis Response Team; consultant with Pain Management Solutions in Ann Arbor; Medical Director of the Michigan Health Professionals Recovery Program, and Medical Director of Dawn Farm. This program is part of the Dawn Farm Education Series, a FREE, annual workshop series developed to provide accurate, helpful, hopeful, practical, current information about chemical dependency, recovery, family and related issues. The Education Series is organized by Dawn Farm, a non-profit community of programs providing a continuum of chemical dependency services. For information, please see http://www.dawnfarm.org/programs/education-series.
Addiction is a complex disease influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Treatment works and is cost-effective in the long run. There are three components to addiction: loss of control over substance use, compulsion to seek and take the substance, and chronic relapsing nature. Addiction is a brain disease that changes the brain in fundamental and lasting ways. Most people with addiction also have co-occurring mental health disorders, and outcomes are generally worse for those with co-occurring disorders compared to those with only substance abuse or a mental illness. Recovery is a process that involves abstinence, developing a sense of responsibility, managing a range of emotions, and developing intimacy.
This document discusses co-occurring disorders, which are when an individual has both a mental illness and a substance abuse disorder. Approximately 50% of people with severe mental illness also have a substance abuse problem. Common disorders that co-occur include mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, as well as anxiety disorders. People may use substances to self-medicate their psychiatric symptoms. Effective treatment requires an integrated approach that addresses both disorders simultaneously.
This handbook is jointly prepared by Malaysian Psychiatric Association (MPA), Malaysian Mental Health Association (MMHA) and Pfizer Malaysia, and made available at:
(https://www.myhealthmylife.com.my/)
This document discusses elderly depression, suicide risk, and treatment options. It notes that depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Late life depression prevalence is estimated at 1-3% of those aged 65 and older. Risk factors for late life depression include chronic illness, cognitive impairment, and lack of social support. Screening tools like the PHQ-9 and GDS can help assess depression severity. Treatment may include psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, partial hospitalization, or inpatient care depending on symptom severity and suicide risk. Managing elderly depression requires considering medical comorbidities and choosing appropriate treatment.
The cornerstone of someone’s mental health is how they think, feel, and behave. Mental health specialists can help people with disorders like addiction, bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety.
Focused history & physical exam and behavior emergenciesVASS Yukon
This document outlines the objectives and content of a training on behavioral emergencies for EMS providers. The objectives include describing elements that lead to behavioral emergencies, the EMS provider's role in controlling situations, classifications of psychiatric disorders, specific behaviors manifested by those with disorders, misconceptions about emergencies, nonverbal communication, risk factors to screen for, components of a mental status exam, common behavioral emergencies, medical conditions that mimic disorders, and signs of stress in EMS providers. The document then covers assessments, mental status exams, examples of emergencies like depression and substance abuse, assisting transports, and concluding with emphasizing safety and obtaining histories.
This document provides an overview of mental illness, including definitions, prevalence rates, common types of mental illnesses, and how mental illness has been viewed from a symbolic interactionist perspective. Some key points include: mental illness affects 20% of adults annually, with mood disorders and anxiety being most common; stigma has been a major barrier to treatment as mental illness was long seen as disgraceful; and the symbolic interactionist perspective outlines how mental illness progressed from being an unrecognized social problem to one that is increasingly recognized and addressed through awareness campaigns.
This document discusses common myths and misconceptions about mental illness and provides facts to address these myths. Some of the myths addressed include that mental illnesses are not real, only affect a small number of people, are caused by everyday stresses, only affect children or adults, and more. The document aims to decrease the stigma against those with mental illness by presenting scientific facts that dispel these myths. It also notes that prevention efforts can help address risk factors and promote better mental health outcomes.
The cornerstone of someone's mental health is how they think, feel, and behave. Mental health specialists can help people with disorders like addiction, bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety.
Mental health can have an effect on daily life, interpersonal connections, and physical health.
This connection, nevertheless, also functions the opposite way around. Personal circumstances, social ties, and physical ailments can all have an impact on mental illness. Maintaining
Company Walt Disney World Prior to completing this assignment, .docxtemplestewart19
Company: Walt Disney World
Prior to completing this assignment, review your prior research and course submissions related to the company you selected for research in Week 2’s Environmental Scanning interactive assignment. Ensure that you have incorporated the feedback you received from your previous submissions. In your Final Project this week, you will pull the various elements you’ve created together to aid your creation of a Strategic Plan. From the perspective of an executive with the firm, your supervisor has tasked you with creating a strategic plan to grow the business over the next three years using this
Strategic Plan Template
and here is an
Example Strategic Plan
using the template. Continue to access the Mergent Ashford University Library online database which offers company financials, descriptions, history, property, subsidiaries, officers, and directors and the Business Insights database. (View the
Getting Started With Mergent
and
Business Insights: Global
documents for suggested methods of searching Ashford University Library databases generally as well as specific advice for searching these two databases).
Your strategic plan must be future-oriented and must
Describe the company, the company’s history and its 4Ps (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion).
Examine the company’s mission statement and assess its impact on the organization’s activities.
Explain the current situation of the organization in the market (industry, market, and general environment analysis).
Add your SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) of your chosen company here. Evaluate areas that offer opportunities for
Choose three or four areas from your SWOT analysis and assess why the areas you have chosen are essential to your strategic plan
Summarize the results of your Environmental Scan and Porter’s 5 Forces.
Evaluate the degree to which they aid in conceptualizing the company’s competitive position in its marketplace.
Assess the company’s international performance in light of Cultural Barriers, Monetary Exchange Rates, and Political Instability.
Assess the financial performance and condition of the
Operational budget: Research and assess the company’s operational budget.
Assess the performance in terms of key performance indicators.
In your analysis, be sure to include profitability ratios relevant to your analysis.
Debt to Equity ratio
Debt to Assets ratio
Based on the data, evaluate the overall current financial condition of the company.
Support your analysis by referring to the company data
Create a three year end trend analysis
Assess how your Operational Budget analysis affects your three-year strategic plan.
Recommend an organizational structure in terms of the organizational design as defined in Abraham (2012) section 2.6.
Assess the impact of the strategic plan on the organizational culture.
Strategic Goals: Create measurable core strategic goals for each of the.
Company OverviewCompany A has hired your team because you are.docxtemplestewart19
Company Overview:
Company A has hired your team because you are experts in defining a process and delivering projects on time. Company A has only been in business for ten years, and they have experienced a large turnover in the project management area;which has prompted senior leadership to investigate.
Senior leadership has determined that Project Managers are frustrated with the amount of required documentation, which has impacted their ability to successfully manage projects. In addition, project budgets are coming in over budget, and projects are being delivered late, also resulting in PMs' inability to meet performance guidelines.
A recent review of the current process has determined that Company A has spent between 30-40% of its total project budget on projects' overhead costs to include project management costs, which are typically between 20-25%. Project Management overhead includes the PM's time to manage the project, attend meetings, and develop the required documentation.
Company A has hired your team to create a new project management process to meet the strategic goals and ensure the project meets the financial objectives.
Goals of the new process
The company must have a view into total life cycle project costs to include what has been spent to date, baseline budget, any changes to the budget, remaining budget, and cost of the project at completion
The company must have a view into the project activities to include what has been completed, what is remaining
The company must have a view into project status issues, risks, any changes to dates
.
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DR CONSTANT MOUTON - COULD DUAL DIAGNOSIS BE THE KEY TO PERSONALISED TREATMEN...iCAADEvents
As our knowledge about addiction is increasing the association between mental illness and addiction is better understood. The controversy about the appropriateness of the term Dual Diagnosis to describe such a heterogeneous group of patients has sparked a debate on treatment and assessment models. It highlighted the fact that as far as treatment modalities are concerned, one size might just not fit all. Dr Mouton reviews current knowledge on comorbidity in the addiction field. Focusing on more than psychiatric comorbidity, he also looks at physical, social, psychological, spiritual and cultural components affected by addiction. Describing the role of the psychiatrist in addiction care he poses the questions: What if dual diagnosis is actually the key to better understanding of our patients? What if this knowledge leads to more individualised treatments? And are we ready for personalised treatment in the addiction field?
This document discusses mental health and illness from several perspectives. It defines mental health and illness, compares physical and mental illness, and outlines the prevalence of mental disorders in India according to WHO classifications. It describes the burden of disease from mental illness and common disorders seen in India. The document also discusses models of mental illness, risk factors, signs and symptoms, and approaches to prevention and treatment including through community-based programs like the District Mental Health Program.
This program is part of a comprehensive School Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide.
Find out more about the guide by visiting:
teenmentalhealth.org
This PowerPoint Presentation reviews common mental health disorders and highlights evidence-based strategies for supervising justice-involved individuals with mental health diagnoses. It will be presented at the 2019 State of Maryland Behavioral Health Symposium by Aaron Wonneman and Ginger Miller.
Presented by: Dr. Melissa Graham, SAPD Psychologist
Jeanie Paradise, Clinical Director Crisis Care Center
Lt. Teri Neal, Director SAPD Communications Unit
Emile Clede, SAPD Communications Training Coordinator
An addiction is a chronic dysfunction of the brain system that involves reward, motivation, and memory. It’s about the way your body craves a substance or behavior, especially if it causes a compulsive or obsessive pursuit of “reward” and lack of concern over consequences.
The document discusses psychopathology and psychological disorders. It defines psychopathology as patterns of emotions, behaviors, or thoughts that are inappropriate for a situation and cause distress or prevent important goals. Over 15% of Americans suffer from diagnosable mental health issues in a given year. Psychological disorders exist on a continuum from mild to severe, with more extreme cases exhibiting hallucinations, delusions, or abnormal emotions. While the medical model views disorders as diseases, psychologists see them as involving biological, psychological, social, and behavioral factors. The DSM-IV provides standardized criteria for diagnosing disorders. Mood disorders like major depression and bipolar disorder involve abnormal emotions or moods.
Mental health and psychiatric nursing notes.
These notes helped me through nursing school . They have a good frame work for better understanding and reference.
This document discusses mental health and illness. It defines mental health and lists some of its effects. Mental illness is caused by abnormal brain functioning and can cause thinking, emotional, and sleep problems. Common mental disorders mentioned include depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. The document also summarizes a study conducted on mental health status of university students in India which found high rates of mood changes, anger, and substance abuse among hostel residents. It concludes by emphasizing that those with mental illness should have their rights and contributions to society respected.
Psychiatric Disorders in Chemically Dependent Individuals - October 2012Dawn Farm
This program provides an overview of co-occurring addiction and psychiatric illness, including standard diagnostic criteria, individual considerations for determining the appropriate course of treatment, available treatment interventions, and the perspectives of both the addict and the treatment provider on addiction and psychiatric illness. It is presented by Dr. Patrick Gibbons, LMSW, DO; Adjunct Clinical Instructor in Psychiatry at the University of Michigan; Medical Director of the WCHO Community Crisis Response Team; consultant with Pain Management Solutions in Ann Arbor; Medical Director of the Michigan Health Professionals Recovery Program, and Medical Director of Dawn Farm. This program is part of the Dawn Farm Education Series, a FREE, annual workshop series developed to provide accurate, helpful, hopeful, practical, current information about chemical dependency, recovery, family and related issues. The Education Series is organized by Dawn Farm, a non-profit community of programs providing a continuum of chemical dependency services. For information, please see http://www.dawnfarm.org/programs/education-series.
Addiction is a complex disease influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. Treatment works and is cost-effective in the long run. There are three components to addiction: loss of control over substance use, compulsion to seek and take the substance, and chronic relapsing nature. Addiction is a brain disease that changes the brain in fundamental and lasting ways. Most people with addiction also have co-occurring mental health disorders, and outcomes are generally worse for those with co-occurring disorders compared to those with only substance abuse or a mental illness. Recovery is a process that involves abstinence, developing a sense of responsibility, managing a range of emotions, and developing intimacy.
This document discusses co-occurring disorders, which are when an individual has both a mental illness and a substance abuse disorder. Approximately 50% of people with severe mental illness also have a substance abuse problem. Common disorders that co-occur include mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, as well as anxiety disorders. People may use substances to self-medicate their psychiatric symptoms. Effective treatment requires an integrated approach that addresses both disorders simultaneously.
This handbook is jointly prepared by Malaysian Psychiatric Association (MPA), Malaysian Mental Health Association (MMHA) and Pfizer Malaysia, and made available at:
(https://www.myhealthmylife.com.my/)
This document discusses elderly depression, suicide risk, and treatment options. It notes that depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Late life depression prevalence is estimated at 1-3% of those aged 65 and older. Risk factors for late life depression include chronic illness, cognitive impairment, and lack of social support. Screening tools like the PHQ-9 and GDS can help assess depression severity. Treatment may include psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, partial hospitalization, or inpatient care depending on symptom severity and suicide risk. Managing elderly depression requires considering medical comorbidities and choosing appropriate treatment.
The cornerstone of someone’s mental health is how they think, feel, and behave. Mental health specialists can help people with disorders like addiction, bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety.
Focused history & physical exam and behavior emergenciesVASS Yukon
This document outlines the objectives and content of a training on behavioral emergencies for EMS providers. The objectives include describing elements that lead to behavioral emergencies, the EMS provider's role in controlling situations, classifications of psychiatric disorders, specific behaviors manifested by those with disorders, misconceptions about emergencies, nonverbal communication, risk factors to screen for, components of a mental status exam, common behavioral emergencies, medical conditions that mimic disorders, and signs of stress in EMS providers. The document then covers assessments, mental status exams, examples of emergencies like depression and substance abuse, assisting transports, and concluding with emphasizing safety and obtaining histories.
This document provides an overview of mental illness, including definitions, prevalence rates, common types of mental illnesses, and how mental illness has been viewed from a symbolic interactionist perspective. Some key points include: mental illness affects 20% of adults annually, with mood disorders and anxiety being most common; stigma has been a major barrier to treatment as mental illness was long seen as disgraceful; and the symbolic interactionist perspective outlines how mental illness progressed from being an unrecognized social problem to one that is increasingly recognized and addressed through awareness campaigns.
This document discusses common myths and misconceptions about mental illness and provides facts to address these myths. Some of the myths addressed include that mental illnesses are not real, only affect a small number of people, are caused by everyday stresses, only affect children or adults, and more. The document aims to decrease the stigma against those with mental illness by presenting scientific facts that dispel these myths. It also notes that prevention efforts can help address risk factors and promote better mental health outcomes.
The cornerstone of someone's mental health is how they think, feel, and behave. Mental health specialists can help people with disorders like addiction, bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety.
Mental health can have an effect on daily life, interpersonal connections, and physical health.
This connection, nevertheless, also functions the opposite way around. Personal circumstances, social ties, and physical ailments can all have an impact on mental illness. Maintaining
Similar to Community Mental HealthLecture 1011OverviewKno.docx (20)
Company Walt Disney World Prior to completing this assignment, .docxtemplestewart19
Company: Walt Disney World
Prior to completing this assignment, review your prior research and course submissions related to the company you selected for research in Week 2’s Environmental Scanning interactive assignment. Ensure that you have incorporated the feedback you received from your previous submissions. In your Final Project this week, you will pull the various elements you’ve created together to aid your creation of a Strategic Plan. From the perspective of an executive with the firm, your supervisor has tasked you with creating a strategic plan to grow the business over the next three years using this
Strategic Plan Template
and here is an
Example Strategic Plan
using the template. Continue to access the Mergent Ashford University Library online database which offers company financials, descriptions, history, property, subsidiaries, officers, and directors and the Business Insights database. (View the
Getting Started With Mergent
and
Business Insights: Global
documents for suggested methods of searching Ashford University Library databases generally as well as specific advice for searching these two databases).
Your strategic plan must be future-oriented and must
Describe the company, the company’s history and its 4Ps (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion).
Examine the company’s mission statement and assess its impact on the organization’s activities.
Explain the current situation of the organization in the market (industry, market, and general environment analysis).
Add your SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) of your chosen company here. Evaluate areas that offer opportunities for
Choose three or four areas from your SWOT analysis and assess why the areas you have chosen are essential to your strategic plan
Summarize the results of your Environmental Scan and Porter’s 5 Forces.
Evaluate the degree to which they aid in conceptualizing the company’s competitive position in its marketplace.
Assess the company’s international performance in light of Cultural Barriers, Monetary Exchange Rates, and Political Instability.
Assess the financial performance and condition of the
Operational budget: Research and assess the company’s operational budget.
Assess the performance in terms of key performance indicators.
In your analysis, be sure to include profitability ratios relevant to your analysis.
Debt to Equity ratio
Debt to Assets ratio
Based on the data, evaluate the overall current financial condition of the company.
Support your analysis by referring to the company data
Create a three year end trend analysis
Assess how your Operational Budget analysis affects your three-year strategic plan.
Recommend an organizational structure in terms of the organizational design as defined in Abraham (2012) section 2.6.
Assess the impact of the strategic plan on the organizational culture.
Strategic Goals: Create measurable core strategic goals for each of the.
Company OverviewCompany A has hired your team because you are.docxtemplestewart19
Company Overview:
Company A has hired your team because you are experts in defining a process and delivering projects on time. Company A has only been in business for ten years, and they have experienced a large turnover in the project management area;which has prompted senior leadership to investigate.
Senior leadership has determined that Project Managers are frustrated with the amount of required documentation, which has impacted their ability to successfully manage projects. In addition, project budgets are coming in over budget, and projects are being delivered late, also resulting in PMs' inability to meet performance guidelines.
A recent review of the current process has determined that Company A has spent between 30-40% of its total project budget on projects' overhead costs to include project management costs, which are typically between 20-25%. Project Management overhead includes the PM's time to manage the project, attend meetings, and develop the required documentation.
Company A has hired your team to create a new project management process to meet the strategic goals and ensure the project meets the financial objectives.
Goals of the new process
The company must have a view into total life cycle project costs to include what has been spent to date, baseline budget, any changes to the budget, remaining budget, and cost of the project at completion
The company must have a view into the project activities to include what has been completed, what is remaining
The company must have a view into project status issues, risks, any changes to dates
.
Company Profile Assignment Select a business associa.docxtemplestewart19
Company Profile Assignment
Select a business association/organization and create a detailed profile.
Place yourself in the role of news reporter writing to an uninformed reader.
Detail the history of the company, who, when and how it started. Include information
Regarding whether the business began as one type of organization and changed over time.
Consider any and all relevant data: the who, what, where, how of the business.
Explain the business’ current situation: who runs it, if it has partners who are the general or limited partners? If it’s a corporation, is it “private” or public” or “non-profit”? Is it “closely-held” or “publicly-traded” corporation? Who is the CEO, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, how many individuals sit on the Board?
If the business is a corporation, what is the state of incorporation, when, ect.?
If the corporation is publicly traded”, where is the corporation listed? NASDAQ/ NYSE?
Anticipate any and all relevant questions that your reader may have regarding the organization.
I have intentionally remained vague as part of my performance evaluation of your work is assessing your ability to research and relate the critical operational characteristics as well as identify the important data.
Your Profile should be lengthy and detailed, although format is not critical-essay style or bullet points are entirely acceptable.
This is a critical skill set to develop as a business professional. In business, an individual must be aware of potential clients, customers as well as competitors in one’s respective field(s).
Attempt to secure what I refer to as a “tasty nugget” of information about the business. This is a more obscure or “fresh” fact about the company that will impress your reader/audience.
Developing this skill set will serve you well as you advance on your career in business.
Have some fun with it as well!
j/e/r
.
Company to use will be COSTCOPurpose of AssignmentTh.docxtemplestewart19
Company to use will be COSTCO
Purpose of Assignment
The purpose of this assignment is to allow students the opportunity to research a Fortune 500
company stock using the popular online research tool Yahoo Finance. The tool allows the student to
review analyst reports and other key financial information necessary to evaluate the stock value and
make an educated decision on whether to invest.
Assignment Steps
Resources: Yahoo Finance
Select a Fortune 500 Company from one of the following industries:
Pharmaceutical
Energy
Retail
Automotive
Computer Hardware
Manufacturing
Mining
Access Yahoo Finance and enter the company name.
Review the financial information and statistics provided for the stock you selected and answer the
following:
What is the ticker symbol of the company you chose?
What is the Current Stock Price?
What is the Market Cap for the stock you chose?
What is the Price to Earnings Ratio?
What is the Dividend and Yield?
What is the Enterprise Value?
What is the Beta?
Was there a Stock Split, and if so, when?
What was the closing stock price for the last 5 days?
What was the 52 Week High for this stock?
What is the Book Value per Share?
What type of rating are analysts recommending (i.e. buy, hold, etc.)?
What is the target price analysts are predicting for this stock?
What is the analyst's average revenue estimate for next year?
What are some of the significant news items and press releases made by the company over
the last year?
Explain in 700 words why you would or would not recommend investing in this stock.
Describe the relationship between the value of the stock and the price to earnings ratio.
What information does the Market Capitalization (Market Cap) and Beta provide to the
investors?
.
Company Target Corporation- Research and then describe yo.docxtemplestewart19
Company: '
Target Corporation'
- Research and then describe your company's(Company name given above) primary business activities. Include:
A brief historical summary,
A list of competitors,
The company's position within the industry,
Recent developments within the company/industry,
Future direction, and
Other items of significance to your corporation.
- Include information from a variety of resources. For example:
Consult the Form 10-K filed with the SEC.
Review the Annual Report and especially the Letter to Shareholders
Explore the corporate website.
Select at least two significant news items from recent business periodicals.
- Submit a written report that is 7-8 pages long. The report should be well written with
cover page, introduction, the body of the paper (with appropriate subheadings), conclusion, and reference page.
References must be appropriately cited. Be sure to address all of the points in Section A above, using all of the resources listed in Section B. Format: Double-spaced, one-inch margins, using a 12-point Times New Roman font. Use APA format throughout.
.
company that has been victims of cyber breachers withing the past th.docxtemplestewart19
company that has been victims of cyber breachers withing the past three years.
COMPANY is
FACEBOOK
Include the following headings in your paper:
Company Name—type of company—brief history—Industry—Customers (consumer, business, or both)
Name of the exploit
How the exploit was caused
.
Company ProfileWhen it comes to fast, efficient, personalized se.docxtemplestewart19
Company Profile
When it comes to fast, efficient, personalized service, Tri-Arrow Printing is second to none. Locally owned and operated by Detroit natives, our team of 30 employees can help you create professional documents, signs, banners, and specialty products for business or personal use. With the assistance of our full-time marketing specialist and designer, Tri-Arrow Printing can help you produce unique advertising materials to effectively promote yourself or your business without breaking the bank. For clients seeking one-of-a-kind invitations, cards, calendars, or home wall décor, Tri-Arrow Printing can help you create distinctive designs that match your personality and style. Using high-tech production equipment, we offer same-day delivery on most orders.
Committed to the loyal community that has supported Tri-Arrow Printing for two generations, we support local nonprofits and arts organizations by designing and printing $500 worth of promotional materials each month. In addition, we offer local schools special pricing and packages so they can advertise and promote school cultural events.
Products and Services
Documents
· Full-color or black-and-white printing and copying
· Full-service or self-service printing options
· Manuals, brochures, résumés, and letterhead
· Business cards and postcards
· Direct mail marketing and advertising
· Calendars
· Invitations and cards
Banners, Signs, and Speciality Products
· Posters, signs, and banners
· Magnets
· Wall and car decals
· Vinyl lettering
· Indoor and outdoor finishes
· Full-color, photo quality
· Oversize and custom shapes available
Strategic Goals
· Increase $1.2 million annual gross sales by $300,000 this year and an additional $300,000 the following year.
· Expand into the photo printing market (mass printing such as senior photos and high-quality art pieces).
· Invest $100,000 in after-school programs in the area.
· Develop a scholarship program for local at-risk students who want to attend college in the areas of business or performing arts.
§ 2:3. General Restrictions on Freedom of Speech in Schools
References
The United States Supreme Court has recognized that "[t]he vigilant protection of constitutional freedoms is nowhere more vital than in the community of American schools."1 The Court has repeatedly noted the importance of First Amendment protection in the school context, although often at the same time recognizing the power of school officials to control conduct in the schools.2 The Court, in an oft-quoted statement, noted:
It can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate. This has been the unmistakable holding of this Court for almost 50 years … On the other hand, the Court has repeatedly emphasized the need for affirming the comprehensive authority of the States and of school officials, consistent with fundamental constitutional safeguards, to prescribe and contro.
company SephoraWrittenn papers include the following minimum el.docxtemplestewart19
company: Sephora
Writtenn papers include the following minimum elements:
Company Background
Evaluation of the Supply Chain Processes
Drivers of Supply Chain Performance
Network Design
Risk Mitigation within the Supply Chain
Forecasting Practices
Sales & Operations Planning
Inventory Management Practices
Use of Transportation
Decisions in Sourcing
Use of Information Technology for Supply Chain Optimization
Supply Chain Sustainability with Learning Outcomes & Recommendations
below is the example
.
COMPANY PRESENTATIONBy; 1IntroductionGlobal huma.docxtemplestewart19
COMPANY PRESENTATION
By;
1
Introduction
Global human resource management include following aspects:
Unify the companies culture in mergers
Management of personnel internationally
Enforcing global recruitment strategy
Managing expatriates
Onboarding process
Compensation strategies in international business
The international operations of the company required newly hired staff or expatriates who will move to abroad for international business operations. Global human resource management provides various aspects to facilitate personnel management system in international business operations. Global human resource management include management of personnel internationally, unify the companies culture in mergers, enforcing global recruitment strategy, managing expatriates, onboarding process and compensation strategies in international business. In this presentation, all these aspects of global HRM will be presented. We will also study the global recruitment strategy with reference to Japan recruiting system. One compensation strategy will also be suggested for international business operation along with the key strategies required to enhance ethical behavior, sound working conditions and labor relation.
2
Strategies to Unify Companies Culture
Identify cultural differences
Communicate differences
State cultural agenda
Encourage share values
Increase synergies
Communicate expectations
Set operating Model
Build trust
Mergers is an effective international strategy which merge two companies. Following are the check list steps that would be important to unify one company culture with other company.
Identify cultural differences: The corporate cultures are usually different from each other. While merging the operations, it is important to identify the major differences exist in the culture in order to settle these differences in best possible way.
Communicate differences: It is an important responsibility of manager to communicate differences in order to set a culture of compromise and adjustment with in two different cultures.
State cultural agenda: After merger, it is important to state cultural objective and agenda in order to clarify the cultural expectations and to set a unified behavioral norm and pattern.
Encourage share values: It is not good to throw everything of pre-existing culture and change everything after merger (Shrivastava, 1986). It is better to work on the base of common operating principles and use the concept of shared values as well as standardized process.
Increase synergies: The basic logic behind merger of two companies is to increase the synergies through efficient operations. By combining the operations and values of two companies, a greater sum can be achieve (Søderberg & Holden, 2002).
Communicate expectations: By communicating expectations of merger with employees, a unified cooperating culture can be set (Kumar, 2000).
Operating model: The operating model of the company will define the company structure.
Company Overview The section should include the company name,.docxtemplestewart19
Company Overview: The section should include the company name, the industry they are in and a general overview of the organization.
Challenges: Discuss the challenges the organization had that limited their profitability and/or competitiveness and how they planned to leverage Cloud Computing to overcome their challenges.
Solution
: Describe the organization’s Cloud Computing implementation and the benefits they realized from the implementation. What was the result of implementing Cloud Computing? Did they meet their objectives for fall short?
Conclusion: Summarize the most important ideas from the paper and also make recommendations or how they might have achieved even greater success.
.
Company NameCorporation Name Unilever PLCPoints to be written.docxtemplestewart19
Company Name/Corporation Name : Unilever PLC
Points to be written for
* Future Direction
* Other items of significance to your corporation
Write 1 page for each topic
there are 2 topics
so in total 2 pages i need
Check the attached document for references
APA Format Must
References must be appropriately cited
.
Company Name HereMemoToFromCCDate332020R.docxtemplestewart19
Company Name Here
Memo
To:
From:
CC:
Date: 3/3/2020
Re: How to Use This Memo Template
Select text you would like to replace, and type your memo. Use styles such as Heading 1-3 and Body Text in the Style control on the Formatting toolbar. To save changes to this template for future use, choose Save As from the File menu. In the Save As Type box, choose Document Template. Next time you want to use it, choose New from the File menu, and then double-click your template.
1
1
Page 2
Memorandum Format Tips and Suggestions
· Complete Memorandum using the template included in this email
· Use a Word document (or comparable word processing program)
· Do not indent paragraphs
· Avoid block (or page long) paragraphs
· One (1) inch margins (top, bottom, left and right)
· Justify your memorandum, right
· Memorandum should have single-spaced sentences
· Font: Use standard font such as TimesNewRoman
.
Company Name Operating Budget Q1[Prior Quarter]Budget Pro.docxtemplestewart19
Company Name: Operating Budget Q1
[Prior Quarter]
Budget Projection Next Q
Var +/-
Var %
Revenue
Sales Revenue
Interest Income
Investment Income
Other Income
TOTAL INCOME
[Prior Quarter]
Budget Projection Next Q
Var +/-
Var %
Costs and Expenses
Advertising
Health Insurance
Installation/Repair of Equipment
Inventory Purchases
Salaries
Supplies
Insurance
Rent/Lease Payments
Other Expenses
TOTAL EXPENSES
NET PROFIT/LOSS
Net Earnings Before Taxes (Gain or Loss)
Income Tax Expense
Net Earnings After Taxes
[Prior Q]
Proj. Q.
Change
Ratio Analysis (Choose a minimum of two)
Profitability Ratio
Liquidity Ratio
Solvency Ratio
Valuation Ratio
Leverage Ratio
.
Company Name XeroxExplain the governance structure of Xerox.docxtemplestewart19
Company Name: Xerox
Explain the governance structure of Xerox
Analyze the connection between business and society
Detail how this connection affects the corporate governance of the Xerox
Examine the future of corporate governance globally. How does Xerox compare with global trends?
Use one academic source and one outside. APA format.
.
Company is Disney+,country is from USA,country is to Greenla.docxtemplestewart19
Company is Disney+
,
country is from USA
,
country is to Greenland
(
Nuuk
),
product/service is Entertainment - Films - Television - Streaming Services
,
How
(
FDI/Export/License
)
: Wholly Owned Subsidiary ?
What is your distribution strategy?
Read Ch.16 and respond to the following questions. First
,
respond with the appropriate textual references. Then
,
find relevant and current external sources to actualize your response. Make sure to add the links in the appropriate cells.
.
Company is Disney+, country is from USA, country is to Greenland( Nu.docxtemplestewart19
Company is Disney+, country is from USA, country is to Greenland( Nuuk), product/service is Entertainment - Films - Television - Streaming Services, How (FDI/Export/License) is FDI/License.
Destination: Consider the product/service - Are there any
non-tariff barriers
?
Read Ch 7 and respond to the question. Add research sources by hyperlinking the cells where you write your response
.
Company is Disney+, country is from USA, country is to Greenland, pr.docxtemplestewart19
Company is Disney+, country is from USA, country is to Greenland, product/service is Entertainment - Films - Television - Streaming Services, How (FDI/Export/License) is FDI/License.
Consider the corruption trends in your destination country, what are your company's guidelines about corrupt practices?
.
Company is Disney+, country is from USA, country is to Green.docxtemplestewart19
Company is Disney+
,
country is from USA
,
country is to Greenland
(
Nuuk
),
product/service is Entertainment - Films - Television - Streaming Services
,
How
(
FDI/Export/License
)
is FDI/License.
What Bilateral agreements exist between the two countries?
Read Ch 9 and respond to the question. Add research sources by hyperlinking the cells where you write your response.
.
Company IntelWeve learned how big of an advantage that technol.docxtemplestewart19
Company: Intel
We've learned how big of an advantage that technology can be in today's business environment. Every major strategic management goal will make use of multiple types of technology during implementation. In this assignment, you will need to create a presentation for the upper management at your chosen course project business. The presentation will focus on suggesting two pieces of technology that you feel are essential to the implementation of your chosen strategic management goal. This presentation will be in PowerPoint and Below is a detailed breakdown of what should be included in the presentation. Remember that presentations need to engage the audience through visual and auditory means. Use PowerPoint's features to accomplish this.
Create a title slide.
Summarize the goal you are trying to accomplish and the value it will bring to the business.
Identify two pieces of technology that you believe are essential to you accomplishing your chosen strategic management goal.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of each technology?
Why is each of these pieces of technology important to the implementation and execution of your chosen goal?
Provide research that supports your technology choices.
Cite a minimum of
1 scholarly source
.
Include a final APA works cited slide.
Format the presentation so that it's engaging and employs advanced formatting features such as templates, transitions, charts, or video.
It's important to be informative while still being persuasive. Focus on explaining the use of the technology and the value that the technology will bring to the business if used correctly.
.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Community Mental HealthLecture 1011OverviewKno.docx
1. Community Mental Health
Lecture 10
1
1
Overview
Know what is meant by Mental Health, Mental Disorder, Mental
Illness, and DSM-V
Understand examples of mental disorders
Emphasis on stress & suicide
Understand mental health challenges
Understand goals of mental disorder treatment
2
2
Introduction
Mental health: Individual’s social and emotional well-being
Mental disorders: Health conditions characterized by
alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with
distress and/or impaired functioning (or, disruption of
social/emotional well-being)
Mental illness: All diagnosable mental disorders
Diagnosis through DSM-V
3
2. 3
Introduction
Mental health: Individual’s social and emotional well-being
Mental disorders: Health conditions characterized by
alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with
distress and/or impaired functioning (or, disruption of
social/emotional well-being)
Mental illness: All diagnosable mental disorders
Diagnosis through DSM-V
4
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth
Edition (“DSM-V” or “DSM-5”)
Most influential book in mental health
Published by American Psychiatric Association (APA)
Classifies disorders based on behavioral signs and symptoms
rather than definitive tests or measurements of brain or another
body system
4
Introduction
Causes of disability for all ages combined (U.S., Canada, &
Western Europe, 2000)
5
5
Mental Disorders: Overview
May arise from various causes:
Poor prenatal care; postnatal environment; genetics;
3. environmental factors; brain function impairment; substance
abuse; maladaptive family functioning; stress
Various types of mental disorders exist
Focus on some well-known disorders in this class
6
Mental Disorders: Overview
May arise from various causes:
Poor prenatal care; postnatal environment; genetics;
environmental factors; brain function impairment; substance
abuse; maladaptive family functioning; stress
Various types of mental disorders exist
Focus on some well-known disorders in this class
7
Stress is a contemporary problem in mental health
Stress: Individual’s psychological and physiological response
to real or perceived stressors
Acute vs. chronic (by amount of time)
Eustress vs. distress (by nature of influence)
Stressor: Any real or perceived physical, social, or
psychological event or stimulus that causes our bodies to react
or respond (can be internal/external)
Mental Disorders: Overview
May arise from various causes:
Poor prenatal care; postnatal environment; genetics;
environmental factors; brain function impairment; substance
abuse; maladaptive family functioning; stress
4. Various types of mental disorders exist
Focus on some well-known disorders in this class
8
Individuals typically go through three stages when responding
to stressors, known as general adaptation syndrome
General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Alarm (initiate “fight or flight” response)
Resistance (sustained high resistance to stress)
Exhaustion (Body more susceptible to disease and sickness)
Mental Disorders
Anxiety disorder
Major depression
Bipolar disorder
Phobias (http://phobialist.com/)
Includes social phobia
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Collection of symptoms that occur as a delayed response to a
serious trauma.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts and repetitive
behaviors.
9
Mental Disorders
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD)
Neurobehavioral disorder associated with hyperactivity or
distraction.
5. Schizophrenia
Biological disease characterized by alterations of the senses
Other compulsion? (Hoarding)
Sleep disorders? (FFI)
10
10
Mental Disorders
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD)
Neurobehavioral disorder associated with hyperactivity or
distraction.
Schizophrenia
Biological disease characterized by alterations of the senses
Other compulsion? (Hoarding)
Sleep disorders? (FFI)
11
11
Mental Disorders
Suicide
Led to an unexpected rise in death rates among middle-aged
white Americans between 1999 and 2014
Currently the second leading cause of death on college
campuses.
6. Suicide affects persons attempting/committing suicide PLUS
friends and families of those persons.
Difficult to spot or address warning signs; need to talk about it
for prevention
12
Mental Health Challenges
Experiences of people with serious mental illness have
improved significantly in past 50 years
Challenges remain:
Mental health stigma
How to provide services to the homeless
Resolving problems of those with mental illness who are
incarcerated
13
13
Mental Health Stigma
Are these accurate description of a typical mental patient?
14
Mental Health Challenges
14
7. Mental Health Stigma
Are these accurate description of a typical mental patient?
15
Mental Health Challenges
15
Mental Health Challenges
Homelessness
2.1 million adults experience homelessness over the course of a
year
80% temporarily homeless, 10% episodically homeless, 10%
chronically homeless
About half of all homeless adults have substance use disorders,
major depression, and other co-occurring mental illness
Successful interventions include provision of housing and
services they need
16
16
Mental Health Challenges
Mental Health Care in Jails and Prisons
Rates of serious mental illness in U.S. correctional facilities are
three to four times the rates in the general population
8. Correctional facilities designed to confine and punish, not to
treat disease
Lack of space, adequate number of qualified treatment
personnel, and timely access to services
Once released back into community, more likely to commit
crime if untreated
17
17
Prevention of Mental Disorders
Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention applicable to mental
disorders
Primary: reduces incidence of mental illness and related
problems
Secondary: reduces prevalence by shortening duration of
episodes
Tertiary: treatment and rehabilitation
18
18
Treatment of Mental Disorders
Goals of mental disorder treatment is to promote
lifestyle/behaviors that make a person’s life better
Reduce symptoms
Improve functioning (personal & social)
Develop and strengthen coping skills
Use of…(1) Psychopharmacology; (2) Psychotherapy; (3)
Technology; (4) Self-Help Groups; (5) Psychiatric
Rehabilitation Services
9. 19
19
Additional Resources
Student Counseling Service @ Division of Student Affairs,
Miami University
Professional, confidential, & inexpensive
Free initial consultation + up to 3 free counseling
Reduced/waived fee available upon request
Visit their website, or call: 513-529-4634
20
20
Additional Resources
TED talk: What’s so Funny about Mental Illness?
21
21
Take-Away Points
22
Know the definitions & highlighted concepts.
Special focus on stress as a mental health problem, including
the distinction between eustress (+) or distress (-); acute or
chronic stress.
10. Special focus on the General adaptation syndrome.
Understand how myths/stigma surrounding mental disorders are
inaccurate.
Know purpose and types of mental disorder treatments.
22
Announcement
23
Reminder: Assignment #4 due this Saturday
23
Addiction & Drug Abuse
Lecture 11
1
1
Overview
Part 1 of 2
Be able to differentiate Addiction vs. Habit when given an
example.
Know what is meant by Behavioral Addiction, Substance
Addiction, Psychological Dependence, and Physiological
Dependence.
Part 2 of 2
Know what is meant by Drug Abuse, Drug Misuse, Prescription
11. Drug, and OTC Drug.
Know details (facts and misconceptions) about Marijuana
Know what is meant by “relapse,” and why it is important in
addiction treatment/recovery.
2
2
Introduction
Addiction is a persistent & compulsive dependence on a
behavior or substance, despite ongoing negative consequences.
Psychological dependence is the dependency of the mind on a
substance or behavior; Can lead to psychological withdrawal
symptoms, such as anxiety, irritability, or cravings.
Physiological dependence results in tolerance & withdrawal
Addiction is recognized as a form of mental disorder by the
APA
3
3
Introduction
Two types of addictions:
Behavior / Process Addictions (e.g., gambling, shopping, eating,
and sex)
Substance Addictions (e.g., alcoholism, drug abuse, and
smoking)
Don’t confuse two types of addictions with two forms of
dependence (psychological & physiological)
4
12. 4
What Happens to Addicts?
Dependence may be psychological and/or physiological
Often see…
Compulsion
Loss of control + tolerance
Negative consequences
Denial
Withdrawl
5
5
Why Care about Addiction? (micro)
Is addiction just a “bad” habit? (NO, not really)
Addiction involves elements of habit, a repeated behavior in
which the repetition may be unconscious.
But, not all habits are addiction
Habits can be broken.
Addiction involves repetition of a behavior that occurs with
compulsion, and considerable discomfort occurs if the behavior
is not performed (withdrawl)
6
6
13. Why Care about Addiction? (micro)
Effect on (of effect of) Family/Friends
Codependents
Enablers
Knowingly or unknowingly protect addicts from the
consequences of their behavior
7
7
Why Care about Addiction? (macro)
In the U.S… (according to the Surgeon General’s Report)
48 million people use illegal drugs or abuse prescription drugs
28 million people drive under the influence of drugs or alcohol
21 million people suffer from addiction
8 million people need treatment for drug addiction
Less than 10% of addicts receive proper treatment
8
8
Behavioral Addiction: Types
Gambling Addiction
Characteristic behaviors include preoccupation with gambling,
unsuccessful efforts to quit, and lying to conceal the extent of
one’s involvement.
Affects more than two million Americans.
Only behavioral addiction recognized by DSM-V.
Can happen to college students too
9
14. 9
Behavioral Addiction: Types
Technology / Internet Addictions
Exercise Addiction
Work Addiction
Shopping Addiction
Sexual Addiction
10
10
Substance Addiction: Background
Various routes of drug administration
11
11
Substance Addiction: Background
Drug misuse vs. abuse
Drug misuse: using a drug for a purpose for which it was not
intended
Drug abuse: excessive use of any drug.
12
15. 12
Substance Addiction: Background
Prescription vs. OTC drugs
Prescription drugs: Only available via a licensed healthcare
practitioner; Not readily available
Over-the-Counter (“OTC”) Drugs: Can be purchased without a
prescription; Many times, safer and as effective as prescribed
drugs
13
13
Substance Addiction: Background
Legal vs. illegal/controlled substance? (DEA)
Federal law vs. state/local law?
Legal infraction vs. misdemeanor vs. felony?
Total prohibition vs. allowing use vs. possession vs. sale vs.
transportation vs. cultivation of substance?
De-regulation vs. de-criminalization? (admin efficiency?)
Legalization vs. de-criminalization? (impunity?)
14
14
Substance Abuse/Addiction: Types
Legal Drugs
Can be legally bought and sold in the marketplace
16. Includes drugs that can be closely regulated, likely regulated,
and not regulated at all
Controlled Substances and Illicit Drugs
Those regulated by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970
Cannot be cultivated, manufactured, bought, sold, or used
within the confines of the law
Schedule I – high potential for abuse; no accepted medical uses
Schedules II-V – have medical uses; scheduled based on
potential for risk of dependence or abuse
Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) responsible for enforcing
Controlled Substances Act
15
Substance Abuse/Addiction: Types
Legal Drugs
Can be legally bought and sold in the marketplace
Includes drugs that can be closely regulated, likely regulated,
and not regulated at all
Controlled Substances and Illicit Drugs
Those regulated by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970
Cannot be cultivated, manufactured, bought, sold, or used
within the confines of the law
Schedule I – high potential for abuse; no accepted medical uses
Schedules II-V – have medical uses; scheduled based on
potential for risk of dependence or abuse
Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) responsible for enforcing
Controlled Substances Act
Alcohol, nicotine, nonprescription (OTC) drugs, prescription
drugs
Marijuana, narcotics, cocaine and crack cocaine, hallucinogens,
stimulants, depressants, club drugs and designer drugs, anabolic
17. drugs, inhalants
16
Substance Abuse: Legal Drugs
Alcohol & Nicotine Products
Some of most commonly used & abused substance
Presented in Lecture 12
17
Substance Abuse: Legal Drugs
Prescription Drugs
Regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Subject to misuse and abuse
Opioid pain relievers
Risk of dependence and unintentional overdose
Development of drug-resistant strains of pathogens
18
Substance Abuse: Legal Drugs
Over-the-Counter Drugs (OTCs)
Most only provide symptomatic relief, not a cure
Regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Subject to misuse and abuse
18. 19
Substance Abuse: Illegal Drugs
Marijuana
Products derived from hemp plant (active ingredient = THC)
Most abused illicit drug in the U.S.
Legal status varies by State; Not legal at federal level
Polydrug use common
Not a safer alternative to cigarette/tobacco
Acute effects – reduced concentration, slowed reaction time,
impaired short-term memory, impaired judgment
Chronic effects – damage to the respiratory system (if smoked),
amotivational syndrome
20
Substance Abuse: Illegal Drugs
Opioids (syn. = opiates; narcotics)
Opium and its derivatives, morphine and heroin, come from an
oriental poppy plant
Numb the senses and reduce pain
High potential for abuse; recently declared a “national public
health emergency” (not all are necessarily illegal)
Opium poppies do not grow in U.S.; drug trafficking problems
Heroin addiction leads to significant community health
problems
21
Substance Abuse: Illegal Drugs
Depressants
Slow down the central nervous system
19. May lower anxiety and inhibitions
Tolerance develops; Strong physical dependence
Alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines
(again, not all depressants are illegal)
22
Substance Abuse: Illegal Drugs
Stimulants
Increase the activity of the central nervous system
Includes caffeine (legal)
Amphetamines
Schedule II prescription drugs; widely abused
Methamphetamines often made in secret labs
Total of all secret lab incidents involving methamphetamine
23
Substance Abuse: Illegal Drugs
Inhalants
Collection of psychoactive breathable chemicals
Paint solvents, motor fuels, glues, aerosol sprays, cleaners (e.g.,
“liquid gold”)
Easy availability + Low cost
Often drug choice of younger population
Acute and chronic effects
24
20. Prevention/Control of Drug Abuse
Primary prevention aimed at those who have never used drugs
(DARE)
Secondary prevention aimed at those who have used, but are not
chronic abusers (students)
Tertiary prevention aimed at drug abuse treatment and aftercare,
including relapse prevention (AA?)
25
Prevention/Control of Drug Abuse
Goals of prevention is to…
Reduce demand for drugs
Education
Treatment
Reduce supply and availability of drugs
Public policy
Law enforcement
NOT EASY!
26
Treatment/Recovery
Treatment/recovery is a lifelong process
Recognition of problem first step to before treatment
Persistence is key
Expect relapse
Relapse: an isolated occurrence of or full return to addictive
behavior is a defining characteristic of addiction.
27
21. 27
Take-Home Points
Addiction is a serious problem with physiological and
psychological consequences
Individuals affected by addiction go through several stages,
with external and internal characteristics
Abuse and addiction come in various forms, including use of
illicit drugs, prescription medication, uncontrolled behavior,
etc.
Substance abuse has acute and chronic effect on person’s
physical and mental health
Common drug abuse involves stimulants, marijuana,
depressants, hallucinogens, inhalants, etc.
28
Assignment #5 Due: Saturday 11/10/2018 by 11:59pm
Instruction:
· Please CHOOSE ONE of the two prompt options provided
below, and write a 2-3 page (double spaced) narrative response.
Be sure to address every point within the prompt of your choice.
· Submit completed assignment via Canvas Assignments, as
DOC, DOCX, PDF, or RTF file attachments.
Prompts:
Option #1:Recommended after lecture 10-12
Have you ever done something (or, thought about doing
something) that may be considered unhealthy when you were
22. under a lot of stress? For example, used alcohol or tobacco
products to de-stress?
1. IF YOU HAVE…
i. Why do you think that’s unhealthy?
ii. Why do you think you did what you did?
iii. What would be a healthier alternative?
1. IF YOU HAVE NOT…
i. What do you think stopped you from doing those things?
ii. Why would other people do unhealthy things when under a
lot of stress?
Option #2:Recommended after Lecture 12
There’s an on-going debate about whether or not vaping (i.e.,
use of electronic cigarettes) is “better” than traditional cigarette
smoking.
a) Conduct your own research, and try to answer the question:
“do you think vaping is better / worse than / or equally as bad
as cigarette smoking?”
b) HINT: there’s no “correct” answer. Try to find different
arguments, and weigh their evidence. Decide which you agree
with, and explain why
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