Community ecology lab - species diversity
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This document outlines the procedures for a community ecology lab that involves measuring species diversity in two outdoor or indoor communities. Students can sample communities by counting species in quadrats and constructing a species area curve, or they can simulate communities indoors. The document provides instructions for sampling procedures, constructing species area curves, and completing calculations and conclusions.
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This document outlines procedures for measuring species diversity in two communities. Students can sample species diversity either outdoors in two natural communities or indoors in two simulated communities. The procedures involve counting and recording the number of species found in successive quadrats to construct a species area curve for each community. Students will sample quadrats until the curve levels off, then repeat the process for the second community. They will then complete calculations, analysis, and conclusions as outlined in the lab materials on Blackboard.
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Devise
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Response
A
1
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A
2
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A
3
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A
4
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A
5
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A
6
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1
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2
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B
3
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B
4
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B
5
0.091
B
6
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C
1
0.137
C
2
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C
3
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C
4
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C
5
0.318
C
6
0.154
D
1
-0.042
D
2
0.69
D
3
0.201
D
4
0.166
D
5
0.219
D
6
0.407
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b. Run an analysis of variance to confirm or reject your conclusion of part (a). Use a = .05
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1
2
3
5
19
25
17
10
15
12
9
12
10
7
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Devise
Sample
Response
A
1
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A
2
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A
3
0.079
A
4
0.019
A
5
-0.136
A
6
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B
1
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B
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B
3
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B
4
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5
0.091
B
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2
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3
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C
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b. Run an analysis of variance to confirm or reject your conclusion of part (a). Use a = .05
c. Compute the p-value of the F test in part (b).
d. What conditions must be satisfied for your analysis in parts (b) and (c) to be valid?
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· 8.7 - It is conjectured that when fields are overgrazed by cattle there will be a substantial reduction in the available grass during the subsequent grazing season due to the compaction of the soil. A horticulturist at the state agricultural experiment station designs a study to evaluate the conjecture. Twenty-one plots of land of nearly the same soil texture and suitable for grazing are selected for the study. Three grazing regimens selected for evaluation are randomly assigned to 7 plots each. After the 21 plots are subjected to the grazing regimens for four months, the researcher randomly selects 10 soil cores from each plot and measures the bulk density (g/cm3) in each soil core. The mean soil density of the 10 cores from each plot is given in the following table.
1
2
3
5
19
25
17
10
15
12
9
12
10
7
9
4
5
8
a. Do the grazing regimens appear to yield different degrees of effect on the amount of compacting in the soil? Justify your answer using an α = .05 test.
b. Provide the level of significance of your test.
c. Do any of the conditions necessary for conducting your test appear to be violated? Justify your answer.
8.18 – Refer to Example 7.8. The consumer testing agency was interested in evaluating whether there was a difference in the mean percentage increase in mpg of the three additives. In Example 7.9, we showed that the data did not appear to have a normal distribution.
a. Apply the natural logarithm transformation to the data. Do the conditions for applying the AOV F test appear to hold for the transformed data?
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This document provides instructions for students to conduct labs on estimating plant and animal population densities using various methods. For the plant population lab, students will use a quadrat method to sample plant populations and calculate density and frequency. They will record data on number of individuals and presence/absence in quadrats for multiple species. For the animal population lab, students will use a mark-recapture technique to estimate population size of objects like beans by capturing, marking, and recapturing samples. They will record data to calculate a scientific estimate and percent error compared to the actual population.
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- 1. Community Ecology Lab Species Diversity
- 2. Two options for gathering species diversity data: 1. Sample two outdoor communities 2. Sample two indoor simulated communities Procedures for both methods are outlined on Blackboard; select the method most realistic for you.
- 3. Construct Species Area Curve Plot cumulative number of species after counting each # species quadrat on the y- axis; number of quadrats sampled on the x-axis.
- 4. Sampling Procedures Select next quadrat and repeat procedures, adding any new species to data table Plot number of cumulative species on species area curve Continue sampling quadrats until curve levels off for five consecutive samples
- 5. # species
- 6. Sampling Procedures (continued) After sampling Community A, travel to Community B and repeat all procedures. Complete the data tables.
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Editor's Notes
- Images: photos by A. Jamison
- Image: photo by A. Jamison
- Image: photo by A. Jamison
- Image on left: “Monfeld toscana” by Jurgen Kofler via Wikimedia [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moonfeld_toscana.jpg] Image on right: photo by A. Jamison
- Image from Microsoft Clipart References: Demnicki, Kimberly, and Martin Zahn. Explorations in Organismal Biology. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt, 2011. 131-35. Print. Gregory, Michael. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. <http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/BIO%20206/206%20Laboratory/Species%20Diversity/Species_Diversity.htm>.