The document discusses common sense from philosophical and scientific perspectives. Philosophers like Plato believed true knowledge comes from reason beyond appearances, while Descartes assessed the role of first principles of common sense. Scientifically, Aristotle viewed science as moving from observations to general connections, while later scientists like Kepler, Galileo and Newton founded modern science by distrusting sense experience. Cognitive scientists believe the mind has intuitive theories for understanding the world. As educators, teachers must manage analytical thinking to apply common sense in lessons for student understanding, and teacher management is important for coordinating individual efforts to accomplish goals.

1. Common Sense in
Philosophical and
Scientific Perspective

3. Philosophical Perspective
 Plato- true knowledge is a function of reason
going beyond the world of appearances and
everyday experience to an abstract, ideal
realm of the forms of absolute being.
 Herbert of Cherbury & Rene Descartes – a
new traditon of philosophical thinking
emerged in the early modern period that
began to assess the role played by “first
principles” of common sense in our
intellectual and social life.

4. Scientific Perspective
 Aristotle- science for Aristotle was an activity
of moving from the “givens” of sense of
experience, through inductive observations of
particulars, to the general causal connections
that bind everything together into one system
of nature.

5.  Kepler, Galileo, Boyle, Newton and Bacon-
scientific thought from its roots in common
sense experience, reinstating rupture between
the two that began with the pre-Socratics and
Plato. Modern science was founded in part on
a distrust of ordinary sense experience and
“appearances” in favor of corpuscular,
idealized and mathematical truths. The world
of everyday exp. needed to be re examined,
tested, transcended, put on the rack and
reduced to invisible forces and minute
particles in order to be understood.

6.  Steven Pinker- many cognitive scientist
believe that the mind is equipped with innate
intuitive theories or modules for the major
ways of making sense of the world.

7. Modern Management Theory
 As a future educator in social studies we must
managed our deeply analytical thinking order
to apply common sense in our lessons so that
our students easily understand the lesson.
 The role of the teacher as a manager is very
important. It forms a organize class to
accomplish aims and objectives they could not
accomplish as individual, so managing has
been essential to ensure the coordination of
individual efforts.

8. Prepared by:
 Bartolome, Lorriene
 Daisog, Leony
 Purisima, Sheena Rhea
 Pusa, Francisco
 III- H BSE Social Studies
 University of Makati