The document discusses various programming paradigms with an emphasis on functional programming. It defines imperative, structured, object-oriented, logic, set, and non-deterministic programming. It then focuses on functional programming principles like immutable data, pure functions, recursion, list manipulation, lazy evaluation, functions as first-class citizens, and higher-order functions. The document provides examples of each concept and concludes with a summary of the different programming paradigms.

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Common Programming
Paradigms
with emphasis on Functional Paradigm

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Flow of Session
 Common Programming paradigms
 Examples
 What's functional programming
 Principles + Examples
 Summary

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Purpose of Learning?

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Common Programming Paradigms

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Common Programming Paradigm
Imperative Programming  Instructions
 Sequence
 How to do

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Common Programming Paradigm
Structured Programming  Loops
 Conditions
 Code Blocks
 Sub routines
 Data definition

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Common Programming Paradigm
Object Oreinted Programming
Data + Functions = Object

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Common Programming Paradigm
Functional Programming
 Expressions = values
 Pure functions
 Immutable data

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Common Programming Paradigm
Logic Programming
 Facts
 Rules
 Deduce results (deductions)

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Common Programming Paradigm
Set Programming
 Define Set
 Define predicate
 Define result

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Common Programming Paradigm
Non deterministic Programming
 Checkpoints
 Choices
 Backtracking / Remember

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Functional Programming Principles

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What is Functional Programming
Immutable Data
 Treated as a Value
 Once declared cannot be modified

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What is Functional Programming
Pure Functions
 Output is deterministic based on Input
 Zero side effects

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What is Functional Programming
Recursion
 Define the base case solution
 Break the large set into smaller set
 Apply solution

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What is Functional Programming
List Manupulation
 list of values
 Pure function to operate on a single item
 New list with resultant values

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What is Functional Programming
Lazy Evaluation
 Definition to get the next member
 Definition is only evaluated on demand only

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What is Functional Programming
First Class Functions
 Functions is teated as data
 Assigned to variables
 Arguments of functions
 Return values of functions

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What is Functional Programming
Higher Order Functions
 Takes one or more functions as argument
 Return value can be a function

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Summary
 Imperative Programing
 Structured, OO
 Declarative
 Functional, Set based, Logic Based
 Non-Deterministic
 Functional Programming
 Immutable data
 First class, Pure & Higher order functions
 List manupulation

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