The document discusses common sports injuries, their causes, types, and basic first aid treatment. It describes how injuries can result from external violence, internal violence, or overuse. Some common types of injuries mentioned are abrasions, lacerations, contusions, strains, and sprains. It recommends RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) as the standard first aid treatment for acute injuries to reduce swelling, bleeding, and pain. Chronic injuries typically develop over time from overuse rather than a single impact or event.

1. Common injuries : Their First aid
and management

2.  First aid is an immediate and temporary
care given to a victim of an accident or
sudden illness before the services of a
physician is obtained.
 Medical help that you give to somebody
who is hurt or ill before the doctor
arrives.
First Aid

3.  When you provide basic medical care to
someone experiencing a sudden injury or
illness, its known as first aid. In some cases,
first aid consists of to initial support
provided to someone in the middle of a
medical emergency. This support might
help them survive until professional help
arrives.
Concept of First Aid

4. When it comes to more serious
injuries, first aid provides an
essential role in keeping a casualty
from getting worse and helps to
stabilise their condition before
professional help can arrive.
Importance of First Aid

5.  REHABILITATION literally means
restoration of a normal state of health
or well being.
 On the other hand ‘TREATMENT’ in a
sports injuries usually refers to those
therapeutic measures that are used in
healing injured tissue
REHABLITATION

6.  Immediate and effective management.
 The progressive sports medical care for
subsequent management.
 The planned sequential stage of
rehabilitation till the recovery is
complete.
GOALS OF REHABLITATION

7.  Treatment by specific modalities.
 Gaining recovery of musculoskeletal
function.
 Realignment of any pre existing
weakness or imbalance
 Muscle and proprioceptive re-training.
Total Rehabilitation Includes

8.  Return to full activity.
NOTE: In many cases psychological aspect
of rehabilitation is more important than
physiological.
Total Rehabilitation includes

9.  Diagnosis of Injuries
 Grading of Injuries
 Management of Injuries
Rehabilitation Principle for Sports
Injuries

10.  By the use of proper physical
examination, Conducting required
investigations, and Finding out any
previous history of injuries.
Diagnosis of injuries

11.  Involves assessing the level of disability
(Based on Symptoms)
 His / her previous state of fitness or
ability to return to normal activity.
 His / her role in the sports.
 And his / her mental toughness.
Grading the Injuries

12.  Immediate management.
 Progressive active & early mobilisation.
 Passive physical treatment.
 Drug therapy.
 Psychological treatment.
 Biomechanical techniques and devises.
 Specialist opinion.
Management of Injuries

13. Principal of R.I.C.E. is applied
REST
ICE
COMPRESSION
ELEVATION
Immediate Management

14.  Strengthening Exercises
 Flexibility Exercises
 Endurance exercises
 Proprioceptive Retraining
 Functional Training
Progressive Early and Active
Mobilisation

15.  Injuries may occur during play or during your
daily activities, it happen in three distinctive
ways.
 They can be the result of:
 External Violence
 Internal Violence
 Over-use
COMMON SPORTS INJURIES

16.  External Violence
 Injuries, that are the result of the body
coming into contact with something
external to the performer.

17.  This can be physical contact with
another player
 Being hit by equipment or implements.
Coming into contact with the ground or
other parts of the field of play.

18.  Internal Violence
 This is when a part of the performer’s
body fails to cope with the stress placed
upon it.

19.  Over-use Injuries
 When one part of the body is used over
and over again.
 This places strain on the body part.
 Repetitive strain.
 Ex.– Running on hard surface.

20.  Skin Injuries - Abrasion
Laceration
 Muscle Injuries - Contusion (Bruise)
Strain
 Ligament Injury - Sprain
 Bone & Joint Injuries- Fracture
Dislocation
Common Injuries

21.  Abrasion –
The skin is scrapped on account of friction
or fall especially over the areas where the
bone is very close to the skin.

22.  Laceration –
 It is the irregular tear of the skin and
other superficial structures

23. Contusion (Bruise)–
Severe blow to the muscle can lead to
contusion.
The blood vessels in the muscle are
ruptured and collection of blood under
the thin layer of skin.

24.  Strain –
An injury to a muscle that occurs when
the muscle is stretched beyond its normal
range of motion, causing the muscle to
tear.

25.  Sprain –
An injury in which ligaments (attach
bones to bones and keep a joint together)
are stretched and partially or completely
torn caused by twisting motions that
muscles can’t control

26.  Whenever there is any injury to bones,
joints, ligaments muscles or tendons,
blood vessels will be damaged.
 Broken blood vessels mean that blood
leaks into tissues
around the injury. This will lead to
swelling and pain.
Immediate treatment

27.  To combat the effects of this, follow the
method of treatment:
P+R I C E
 Protection-
 Protection of the original injury from additional
trauma.

28.  Rest— 2-3 days with immobilization
 Ice Application—
Cold relieves pain and prevents or
reduces swelling and inflammation.
Immediately put cold packs, crushed ice,
or cold towels on the injured area, or
immerse it in ice water for 20 to 30
minutes at a time every 2 hours.

29.  Compression—
 To limit internal bleeding from the
injury site, wrap a compression bandage
(usually an elastic one) in an overlapping
spiral that supports the entire injured
area.

30.  Elevation—
 Decreases swelling by encouraging
blood to return to the heart, limits
circulation, reduces swelling

31. Acute injuries happen suddenly,
sure as when a person falls,
receives a blow, or twists a joint.
Chronic injuries usually result from
overuse of one area of the body
and develop gradually over time.
ACUTE AND CHRONIC INJURIES

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