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A field report on the Great Chile earthquake
of February 27, 2010
Lori Dengler
Humboldt State Univ.
Nick Graehl,
Humboldt State Univ.
Troy Nicolini,
Eureka NWS
Sebastian Araya,
Stillwater Associates
Francisco Luna,
Independent Journalist
Mark Colwell,
Humboldt State Univ.
HSU Geology Colloquium, April 26, 2010
The February 27, 2010 Chile Earthquake
6:34 UTC (3:34 AM local time)
Mw 8.8, 5th largest earthquake since 1900
Santiago
Concepcion
Historic ruptures
6:34 UTC (3:34 AM local time)
The February 27, 2010 Chile Earthquake
Population exposed MMI ≥VII 12.5 million (USGS PAGER)
over 70% of the total population of the country; earthquake casualties in 50
cities/towns including five of Chile’s 10 largest cities
Infrastructure disrupted over an area 800 x 150 kilometers
Casualties ~500; Losses ~30 billion US$ (30% GDP)
In the Footsteps of
Humboldt and Darwin
• Leg 1
– 10 days
– Ecuador
• Leg 2
– 26 days
– Peru & Bolivia
• Leg 3
– 46 days
– Argentina & Chile
Terremoto!
¨February 20th
.—This day
has been memorable in the
annals of Valdivia, for the
most severe earthquake
experienced by the oldest
inhabitants. I happened to
be on shore, and was lying
down in the wood to rest
myself. It came on
suddenly, and lasted two
minutes, but the time
appeared much longer…¨
Charles Darwin, 1835.
The Day Before…
Getting Out!
Damage to Interior Stairway
Structural Damage
The Day After…
Strength of Aftershocks
Source: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsww/
Strongest
aftershock
Aftershock Frequency
Source: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsww/
Evo Morales Rafael CorreaFernando Lugo
“To travel is of … importance to those who
desire to originate just and comprehensive
views concerning the structure of our globe”.
Charles Lyell, Principles of Geology (1830)
Survey Track
Dichato
Pelluhue
Constitucíon
Iloca
Curanipe
Concepcíon
Concepcíon
Dichato
Dichato
Curanipe
Pelluhue
Water Height ~ 19ft
Pelluhue
Constitucíon
Constitucíon
Iloca
Iloca
The Good: Factors that reduced impacts
The Bad: Factors that exacerbated impacts
Louis Gatica Photo: Michael Robinson Chavez
Relative to Cascadia

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colloquium_chile_2010

Editor's Notes

  1. 40,000 people successfully self-evacuated
  2. Time of day earthquake - best possible time, 3:30 AM on a Saturday - few people at work, on streets or driving
  3. Time of day - tsunami
  4. Night time Equivalent to Labor Day weekend - last weekend of summer, campgrounds packed
  5. Tsunami education programs - sustained (operation Daisy) Tsunami curriculum - Tsunami workshops Educated population - literate Coastal people - past experience of earthquakes/tsunamis, understand relation of ground shaking & tsunamis
  6. Not everyone exposed were from the coast Tourists & transients not familiar with ground shaking as a warning No education programs for transients - tourists or workers
  7. Resilient Organizations