Cognitive Perspective - Schemas
•Download as PPT, PDF•
1 like•1,919 views
Schemas are mental structures that help organize and simplify our knowledge of the world. They come from the Greek word "skhema" and were first studied by Frederic Bartlett in 1932 as part of constructive memory. Schemas are used to categorize information visually based on stereotypes of age, race, gender, and more. An activity had participants look at images of an office and a car collision then write down what they remembered to analyze how schemas influence memory. People tend to remember details that fit their schemas and sometimes fabricate details that belong in the theme.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Cognitive perspective
Gestalt psychology opposed behaviorism's external and mechanistic focus, instead considering mental processes and products of perception. It served as the foundation for the cognitive perspective to learning. Gestalt theory emphasized the importance of sensory wholes and the dynamic nature of visual perception, seeing perception as organized patterns or configurations rather than separate sensations. Key principles included the law of figure-ground, which described how viewers perceive an object against a background surface through contrast and grouping.
Dutch Government Water Management
Presented by representative of the Dutch Government, focussing on the past, present and future ways of managing water within the Netherlands, dealing strongly with flood prevention and safety measures
Fokkens B. ECRR, Flood prevention and river restoration, Room for the river
1. Changes in the natural environment of a river
2. Loss of floodplain surface in upper Rhine
3. “Ecological obstacles”
4. River restoration ready for the future?
5. Restoring habitat connectivity
Cognitive Perspective - Historical And Cultural Conditions
The document discusses the rise of cognitive psychology and its relationship to developments in brain scanning technology, computer science, and cultural conditions in the 20th century. It notes that advances like x-rays in 1895 allowed for more sophisticated brain scanning techniques over time. Noam Chomsky's 1959 critique of behaviorism marked a shift toward understanding language acquisition through cognitive processes rather than stimulus-response. As psychology sought to be a science, cognitive psychology embraced explanations based on experimental methods and computer modeling of mental processes.
Acid Deposition
The document describes the mechanisms of acid deposition caused by nitrogen and sulfur oxides. Nitrogen and sulfur oxides react with water and oxygen in the atmosphere to form nitric and sulfuric acids, respectively. These acids are deposited through both wet deposition (acid rain) and dry deposition. Hydroxyl radicals form through reactions between ozone, water vapor and oxygen, and play a role in transforming nitrogen and sulfur oxides into acids. Ammonia in the atmosphere neutralizes some acid and forms ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
Water Privatization
Coca Cola set up a plant in Rajasthan, India in 2000. Within 5 years, the groundwater level dropped significantly due to overexploitation by Coca Cola. Local farmers were no longer able to grow crops due to lack of water access and 60 villages were affected. Villagers organized protests against Coca Cola but were attacked. The company refused to provide water usage statistics. While the government has tried to negotiate, some Coca Cola plants were shut down due to exploitation issues.
Water & Soil
Cation-exchange capacity (CEC) is the soil's ability to hold positively charged ions and nutrients. Soils with higher clay or organic matter content have a greater CEC, allowing them to retain more nutrients and protect groundwater. The soil's pH also affects its CEC and nutrient availability. Higher pH increases CEC while acidic soils contain ions like hydrogen and aluminum that reduce CEC and nutrient uptake by plants.
Bhubaneswar-iitians
Cities face challenges from rapid urbanization including demands for resources that outpace supply. Sustainable cities aim to improve infrastructure to be more environmentally friendly and improve quality of life while cutting costs. Key aspects of sustainable cities include good governance at the metropolitan level to address local issues, as well as green technologies, public transport, energy and water management. While national policies can provide strategic direction, local leadership is also crucial for sustainable urban development.
Recommended
Cognitive perspective
Gestalt psychology opposed behaviorism's external and mechanistic focus, instead considering mental processes and products of perception. It served as the foundation for the cognitive perspective to learning. Gestalt theory emphasized the importance of sensory wholes and the dynamic nature of visual perception, seeing perception as organized patterns or configurations rather than separate sensations. Key principles included the law of figure-ground, which described how viewers perceive an object against a background surface through contrast and grouping.
Dutch Government Water Management
Presented by representative of the Dutch Government, focussing on the past, present and future ways of managing water within the Netherlands, dealing strongly with flood prevention and safety measures
Fokkens B. ECRR, Flood prevention and river restoration, Room for the river
1. Changes in the natural environment of a river
2. Loss of floodplain surface in upper Rhine
3. “Ecological obstacles”
4. River restoration ready for the future?
5. Restoring habitat connectivity
Cognitive Perspective - Historical And Cultural Conditions
The document discusses the rise of cognitive psychology and its relationship to developments in brain scanning technology, computer science, and cultural conditions in the 20th century. It notes that advances like x-rays in 1895 allowed for more sophisticated brain scanning techniques over time. Noam Chomsky's 1959 critique of behaviorism marked a shift toward understanding language acquisition through cognitive processes rather than stimulus-response. As psychology sought to be a science, cognitive psychology embraced explanations based on experimental methods and computer modeling of mental processes.
Acid Deposition
The document describes the mechanisms of acid deposition caused by nitrogen and sulfur oxides. Nitrogen and sulfur oxides react with water and oxygen in the atmosphere to form nitric and sulfuric acids, respectively. These acids are deposited through both wet deposition (acid rain) and dry deposition. Hydroxyl radicals form through reactions between ozone, water vapor and oxygen, and play a role in transforming nitrogen and sulfur oxides into acids. Ammonia in the atmosphere neutralizes some acid and forms ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
Water Privatization
Coca Cola set up a plant in Rajasthan, India in 2000. Within 5 years, the groundwater level dropped significantly due to overexploitation by Coca Cola. Local farmers were no longer able to grow crops due to lack of water access and 60 villages were affected. Villagers organized protests against Coca Cola but were attacked. The company refused to provide water usage statistics. While the government has tried to negotiate, some Coca Cola plants were shut down due to exploitation issues.
Water & Soil
Cation-exchange capacity (CEC) is the soil's ability to hold positively charged ions and nutrients. Soils with higher clay or organic matter content have a greater CEC, allowing them to retain more nutrients and protect groundwater. The soil's pH also affects its CEC and nutrient availability. Higher pH increases CEC while acidic soils contain ions like hydrogen and aluminum that reduce CEC and nutrient uptake by plants.
Bhubaneswar-iitians
Cities face challenges from rapid urbanization including demands for resources that outpace supply. Sustainable cities aim to improve infrastructure to be more environmentally friendly and improve quality of life while cutting costs. Key aspects of sustainable cities include good governance at the metropolitan level to address local issues, as well as green technologies, public transport, energy and water management. While national policies can provide strategic direction, local leadership is also crucial for sustainable urban development.
Polder
The document discusses land reclamation through the process of empoldering. Empoldering involves building dikes around areas of low-lying land or shallow sea and draining the water to create usable land called polders. The Netherlands has significantly expanded its land area through large-scale empoldering projects, such as blocking off the Zuider Zee with a dike to form the freshwater Lake IJssel and reclaiming land to create the province of Flevoland. Empoldering involves building dikes, draining water through canals and pumps, and transforming saturated soil into fertile land for agriculture, housing and other purposes.
UNESCO Transboundary Waters
Transboundary water sharing often causes conflicts but has generally not led to war. Developing integrated river basin management requires institutional frameworks, equitable allocation agreements, and decision support systems using shared data. The Netherlands aims to establish a global center for water law and governance to help resolve international water issues.
Sociology - The New Right
The New Right perspective developed in response to changes in the 1960s-1970s as a critique of Marxism and the decline of the concept of the First/Second/Third worlds. Key figures Milton Friedman and Peter Bauer influenced economic policies like Thatcherism and Reaganism. They argued that governments should minimally be involved in economies and that free markets best allocate resources, not public organizations or central planning. While regular aid can distort markets, their views have had limited support and aid is still given with conditions like accepting democratic and free market reforms.
Port of Rotterdam 3
The document provides an overview of the Port of Rotterdam, including its history, current operations, and future plans. It discusses how the port has expanded over time from a fishing village to become one of the largest ports in Europe. It also highlights key aspects of the modern port such as its container terminals, oil and chemical facilities, and security measures. The presentation aims to inform audiences and leave them with a lasting impression of the port.
Gestalt Psychology
Gestalt psychology focuses on how the brain organizes and makes sense of visual elements based on principles like proximity, similarity, closure, and figure-ground perception. The founders of Gestalt psychology were Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka in Germany in the early 20th century. They emphasized that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, and that perception involves seeing patterns and relationships rather than just individual elements. Gestalt principles can be applied to instructional design to maximize learning by organizing content in ways that are easy for the brain to process visually.
Gestalt Psychology
Gestalt theory proposes that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. It was developed in the early 20th century by German psychologists Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka who argued that learning involves actively organizing and making sense of information rather than passively receiving it. The Gestalt laws of perception describe how humans naturally perceive visual elements as grouped patterns and shapes.
Cognitive learning theory
Presentation deals with the factors that impact on the learning process as posited by Piaget, Bloom, Bruner and Ausubel
Gestalt psychology slideshare
The document summarizes key aspects of Gestalt psychology, founded by Wolfgang Köhler, Max Wertheimer, and Kurt Koffka. It describes their work studying perception and insights, including experiments where apes solved problems. Gestalt principles like proximity, similarity, closure and good continuation were proposed to explain visual perception. Kurt Lewin also contributed by describing inner and outer forces influencing perception. The relevance of Gestalt psychology to education is discussed as focusing on experience, complexity, and autonomy in learning.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaCommunity pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Covered community pharmacy topic of the subject Social and preventive pharmacy for Diploma and Bachelor of pharmacy
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdBBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit - NGV Pavilion Concept Design
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Polder
The document discusses land reclamation through the process of empoldering. Empoldering involves building dikes around areas of low-lying land or shallow sea and draining the water to create usable land called polders. The Netherlands has significantly expanded its land area through large-scale empoldering projects, such as blocking off the Zuider Zee with a dike to form the freshwater Lake IJssel and reclaiming land to create the province of Flevoland. Empoldering involves building dikes, draining water through canals and pumps, and transforming saturated soil into fertile land for agriculture, housing and other purposes.
UNESCO Transboundary Waters
Transboundary water sharing often causes conflicts but has generally not led to war. Developing integrated river basin management requires institutional frameworks, equitable allocation agreements, and decision support systems using shared data. The Netherlands aims to establish a global center for water law and governance to help resolve international water issues.
Sociology - The New Right
The New Right perspective developed in response to changes in the 1960s-1970s as a critique of Marxism and the decline of the concept of the First/Second/Third worlds. Key figures Milton Friedman and Peter Bauer influenced economic policies like Thatcherism and Reaganism. They argued that governments should minimally be involved in economies and that free markets best allocate resources, not public organizations or central planning. While regular aid can distort markets, their views have had limited support and aid is still given with conditions like accepting democratic and free market reforms.
Port of Rotterdam 3
The document provides an overview of the Port of Rotterdam, including its history, current operations, and future plans. It discusses how the port has expanded over time from a fishing village to become one of the largest ports in Europe. It also highlights key aspects of the modern port such as its container terminals, oil and chemical facilities, and security measures. The presentation aims to inform audiences and leave them with a lasting impression of the port.
Gestalt Psychology
Gestalt psychology focuses on how the brain organizes and makes sense of visual elements based on principles like proximity, similarity, closure, and figure-ground perception. The founders of Gestalt psychology were Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka in Germany in the early 20th century. They emphasized that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, and that perception involves seeing patterns and relationships rather than just individual elements. Gestalt principles can be applied to instructional design to maximize learning by organizing content in ways that are easy for the brain to process visually.
Gestalt Psychology
Gestalt theory proposes that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. It was developed in the early 20th century by German psychologists Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler, and Kurt Koffka who argued that learning involves actively organizing and making sense of information rather than passively receiving it. The Gestalt laws of perception describe how humans naturally perceive visual elements as grouped patterns and shapes.
Cognitive learning theory
Presentation deals with the factors that impact on the learning process as posited by Piaget, Bloom, Bruner and Ausubel
Gestalt psychology slideshare
The document summarizes key aspects of Gestalt psychology, founded by Wolfgang Köhler, Max Wertheimer, and Kurt Koffka. It describes their work studying perception and insights, including experiments where apes solved problems. Gestalt principles like proximity, similarity, closure and good continuation were proposed to explain visual perception. Kurt Lewin also contributed by describing inner and outer forces influencing perception. The relevance of Gestalt psychology to education is discussed as focusing on experience, complexity, and autonomy in learning.
Viewers also liked (8)
Recently uploaded
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaCommunity pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Covered community pharmacy topic of the subject Social and preventive pharmacy for Diploma and Bachelor of pharmacy
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdBBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit - NGV Pavilion Concept Design
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
Recently uploaded (20)
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Cognitive Perspective - Schemas
- 11. Analysis of the Activity People tend to remember items that fit into the schema. In other words, people remember things which relate through a theme similarity etc.
- 12. People sometimes tend to remember things because they stick out. This is usually because people are focusing on things that are not actually in the targeted area. It is also possible that people think of things that are not actually there, but they belong in the theme, so therefore the memory makes this part up, so that we do not need to memorize as much.