The document discusses the evolution of cloud computing from the 1960s to 2025, highlighting its transformative impact on enterprises and technological advancements. It categorizes cloud computing into public, private, and hybrid models, while exploring emerging trends such as increased data storage, regional cloud ecosystems, and enhanced security measures against cyber threats. Additionally, the document emphasizes the role of cloud technology in driving digital innovation, remote work adaptation, and user experience improvement.

1. Cloud Computing 2025: Mapping the
Future Landscape
This innovative technology’s discovery goes back to 1960’s and the
evolution of cloud computing has seen multiple stages. We have
come so far, and its equally important to know about how and when
did cloud computing start empowering enterprises along with the
entire history of cloud computing, before we dive into top trends in
the future.
We have seen it, heard it, and done it. But, do we know what it is? We
have been using cloud computing unknowingly through Gmail and
Google docs, yet we never thought that these were cloud
computing services.
What is Cloud Computing technology?
Cloud computing is a technology that puts your entire computing
infrastructure in both hardware and software applications online. It
uses the internet, remote central servers to maintain data &

2. applications. Gmail, Yahoo mail, Facebook, Hotmail, Orkut, etc are all
the most basic and widely used examples of cloud computing. One
does not need his own PC or laptop to check some stored
mail/data/photos in the mailbox but any computer with an internet
connection since the data is stored with the mail service provider
on a remote cloud. The technology, in essence, is a geographical
shift in the location of our data from personal computers to a
centralized server or ‘cloud’. Typically, cloud services charge its
customers on a usage basis. Hence it is also called Software as a
Service (SaaS). It aims to provide infrastructure and resources
online in order to serve its clients; Dynamism, Abstraction and
Resource Sharing.
The term “cloud” was actually derived from telephony. The
telecommunication companies offered Virtual Private Network with
good quality at affordable prices. The symbol of the cloud
represented the demarcation point which was the sole
responsibility of the provider. Cloud computing manages servers
and network infrastructure management.
Cloud Solution
It has essentially evolved from various computing technologies like
grid computing, utility computing, parallel computing, and
virtualization. The most recent development of cloud
computing has evolved from the Web2.0 technology which caters
to web applications that facilitate participatory information sharing,
interoperability & user-centred design, etc. Examples of Web 2.0
include wikis, blogs, social networking & video sharing.
History of Cloud Computing
Let’s have a quick walkthrough of cloud computing history and
evolution all these years-

3. 1960’s
One of the renowned names in Computer Science, John McCarthy,
enabled enterprises to use expensive mainframe and introduced
the whole concept of time-sharing. This turned out to be a
huge contribution to the pioneering of Cloud computing concept
and establishment of Internet.
1969
With the vision to interconnect the global
space, J.C.R. Licklider introduced the concepts of “Galactic
Network” and “Intergalactic Computer Network” and
also developed Advanced Research Projects Agency Network-
ARPANET.
1970
By this era, it was possible to run multiple Operating Systems in
isolated environment.
1997
Prof. Ramnath Chellappa introduced the concept of “Cloud
Computing” in Dallas.
1999
Salesforce.com started the whole concept of enterprise
applications through the medium of simple websites. Along with
that, the services firm also covered the way to help experts deliver
applications via the Internet.
2003
The Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), that allows running of multiple
virtual guest operating systems on single device, paved way ahead
for other huge inventions.

4. 2006
Amazon also started expanding in cloud services. From EC2 to
Simple Storage Service S3, they introduced pay-as-you-go model,
which has become a standard practice even today.
2013
With IaaS, (Infrastructure-as-a-Service), the Worldwide Public
Cloud Services Market was totalled at £78bn, which turned out to
be the fastest growing market services of that year.
The evolution of cloud computing can be
bifurcated into three basic phases:
1. The Idea Phase- This phase incepted in the early 1960s with the
emergence of utility and grid computing and lasted till pre-internet
bubble era. Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider was the founder of cloud
computing.
2. The Pre-cloud Phase- The pre-cloud phase originated in 1999 and
extended to 2006. In this phase the internet as the mechanism to
provide Application as Service.
3. The Cloud Phase- The much talked about real cloud phase started in
the year 2007 when the classification of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS
development got formalized. The history of cloud computing has
witnessed some very interesting breakthroughs launched by some of
the leading computer/web organizations of the world.
Security Aspects Strengthened In Further Years
The further years witnessed development
of basic cloud features, while making security to be a rising
concern. This fast-growing service was
secured from theft, accidental deletion, and data
leakage concerns.

5. Cloud Shifts from 2020- 2025
Source - Statista
Varieties of Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing is classified under various heads. On the basis of
the type, usage & location, it is classified under the following head:
1. Public Cloud- When a cloud is available to the general public on a
pay-per-use basis, that cloud is called a ‘Public Cloud’. The customer
has no visibility over the location of the cloud
computing infrastructure. It is based on the standard cloud
computing model. Examples of public cloud are Amazon EC2,
Windows Azure service platform, IBM’s Blue cloud.
2. Private Cloud- The internal data centers of business organizations
which are not made available to the general public are termed as a
private cloud. As the name suggests, the private cloud is dedicated to
the customer itself. These are more secured as compared to public
clouds. It uses the technology of virtualization. A private cloud is
hosted on the company’s own servers. Example of private cloud
technology is Eucalyptus and VMware.
3. Hybrid Cloud- A combination of private and public cloud is called a
hybrid cloud. Companies use their own infrastructure for normal
usage and hire the cloud at events of heavy network traffic or high
data load.
Cloud Computing Trends – Empowering the future
of Public Cloud
The estimated spending on Public Cloud Services is foreseen to
surpass $500 Billion by 2023. The upcoming trends in cloud
computing are going to empower industries with multiple cloud
offerings and accelerated growth.
As a result, the cloud adoption will grow by 22.8% of all enterprise IT
sending.

6. “The pandemic served as a catalyst for rapid cloud adoption
and digital innovation in 2020, especially to empower remote work,
collaboration and digitalization for hybrid work models”.
Cloud Ubiquity- Setting the Stage for Distributed Cloud Models
With its proven scalability, resiliency, speed and flexibility, the cloud
environments are reaching ubiquitous stages. The use
of multicloud, Hybrid and edge environments are giving push to
wireless communications advancements naming 5G R17 and is
transforming industries experiences such as healthcare, mobile
banking experiences and more.
Distributed Cloud Models
1. Cloud Business Process Services (BPaaS)
2. Cloud Application Infrastructure Services (PaaS)
3. Cloud Application Services (SaaS)
4. Cloud Management and Security Services
5. Cloud System Infrastructure Services (IaaS)
6. Desktop as a Service (DaaS)
Cloud Storage Capacity
As cloud services progressively turn into an essential part of doing
business, we anticipate data storage to develop exponentially in the
coming time. To achieve this, organizations will arrange more
data centers online with bigger capacity storage equipment.
While the owners of data centers are going to increase the
available storage, forward-thinking organizations will have the
capacity to use that space to fulfill their requirements. For instance,
organizations that work with big data will utilize this expanded
space to store large data indexes or sets and perform analytics on
them, and reap valuable insights into areas, for example,

7. client behavior, human frameworks, and strategic financial
investment. For small private companies, expanded storage
capacity implies that 2025 will give custom or bespoke storage
alternatives at far lower costs than were accessible in 2020.
Regional Cloud Ecosystems
The creation of vertical and regional cloud systems, along with data
services is driving is driving many industries to whole new levels,
especially the financial and public sectors. Since the ultimate goal
is to reduce points of failure and lock-ins with outsourced cloud
providers.
The companies looking to sustain their own platform
ecosystems are going to leverage the platforms created in other
regions. These organisations are resorting to regulations that can
help maintain sovereignty and control. The initiatives such as GAIA-
X development in European countries is increasing gaining
popularities as it turns out to be solutions for politicians, tech
providers and academia concerns.
“Carbon-Intelligent” Cloud
The climate change mitigation is a harsh reality today and is going
to leave a huge impact on businesses all over the world. The Cloud
providers have come up with sustainable solution by incorporating
aggressive carbon-neutral corporate goals. This is further leading
to problems and challenges for I&O (Infrastructure and
operations) leaders as the industries are demanding “green”
initiatives.
Better Internet Quality
The measure of data produced and stored around the globe is
expected to grow enormously by 2025, and the purchasers will also
expect better and quicker connections from network providers.

8. Improved network speed will increase the buyer’s desires for
exceedingly responsive, quick loading services and applications.
Keen entrepreneurs will move rapidly to re-examine and overhaul
their SaaS, PaaS, and websites to be more responsive. The IOE and
IOT will additionally take advantage of the faster network by
allowing companies in this space to receive and deliver data
efficiently in real time.
The IoE will become the dominant focal point
In 2020, IoT and AI played a stellar part in the tech world. While
industry experts expect that IoT will see its own development,
nonstop innovations in the real-time data analytics and the
developing technology cloud computing are set to push the IOE to
fore in 2025. IoE depends on the machine-to-machine interaction,
process, and data and how people speak with everything in their
condition. Cloud computing will play a major role as the IoE forms
into complex frameworks aimed at simplifying all interactions.
For people, this implies we will have the capacity to interact cleverly
with each gadget in a network—simply like IoT.
IoE will also furnish organizations with more insight into how
shoppers relate to their services or products, customer care units,
and each other. This information would then be used in numerous
ways, including simplifying client experience through automation
and the utilization of savvy robots.
Security challenges and the cloud
Because cyber-attacks are turning out to be more complex,
security examiners in government, private and public areas will also
need to become more refined and auspicious in their techniques
for recognizing and preventing attacks. Organizations will recognize
the need for investing in tools like security data, event
management, and malware detection frameworks as

9. crucial defense mechanisms for digital security. The role of cloud
computing services can also play a role here, with managed security
service providers offering strong services to organizations that
couldn't generally execute full security measures.
Wrapping up
Finding and adopting the latest trends in cloud computing is crucial
for organizations at all levels. From a technology that was initially
used for cost savings and efficiency, the cloud has turned into
an innovation powerhouse. While the future of cloud computing can
be difficult to predict, it is sure that the technology will continue
having a significant effect on the business process.
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