This document discusses climate change and its effects. It begins by defining weather as short-term conditions in a limited area, while climate describes average conditions over long periods of time in a wide area. Climate is influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide naturally trap heat in Earth's atmosphere, maintaining a temperature suitable for life. However, human activities like burning fossil fuels have increased greenhouse gas levels, causing global warming. Evidence of climate change comes from melting glaciers, tree rings, shifting animal and plant ranges, and increasing temperatures. Individual actions like conserving energy and reducing waste can help address climate change.