Clean milk production

gfj vkse ik.Ms;
Ik”kq/ku mRiknu ,oa izca/ku
Hkk0 d`0 v0 i0&Hkkjrh; Ik”kqfpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku
bTtruxj] cjsyh&243122 m0 iz0 Hkkjr
hariomvet@gmail.com
LoPN nqX/k mRiknu

2
nwèk
nwèk] LoLFk Ms;jh Ik”kq ls dqy] iw.kZ vkSj
fuckZèk Lru xzafFk;ksa dk lzko gS] tks fd
dksyksLVªe jfgr gksrk gSA bls Bhd ls
,d= fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
çR;sd çtkfr ds f'k'kqvksa] lkFk gh lkFk
euq";ksa ds fy, mRre Hkkstu
Lruèkkfj;ksa esa Lru xzafFk;ksa dk vR;fèkd
fodflr lzko
gfj vkse ik.Ms;] Hkk0 d`0 v0 i0&Hkkjrh; Ik”kqfpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku] cjsyh&243122 m0 iz0

3
🐄 lalkj ds dqy nqXèk mRiknu esa Hkkjr dk fgLlk 18-5% gSA
🐄 Hkkjr esa o"kZ 2016-17 esa 16-54 djksM+ Vu nwèk dk mRiknu
gqvkA
🐄 Hkkjr nqXèk mRiknu esa çFke LFkku j[krk gSA blds ckotwn
Hkkjr dk nqXèk fu;kZr 1% ls Hkh de gSA
nqXèk mRiknu esa Hkkjr

4
nwèk vkSj nwèk mRiknksa dh oSfÜod ekax esa
o`f) ¼yxHkx 3 izfr”kr okÆ"kd½
lqjf{kr Hkkstu dks ysdj miHkksäk dh
tkx:drk
lqjf{kr nwèk

7
tkiku] v‚LVªsfy;k vkSj U;wthySaM us xkstkrh; o`f) gkeksZu
recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBST) ds dkj.k vesfjdh
nwèk ij çfrcafèkr djuk
1990 ds n'kd esa dukMk }kjk gkeksZu dh leh{kk dh xÃ
lqjf{kr nwèk
RBST& mipkfjr xk;ksa ds nwèk esa IGF-1 dk Lrj Åapk gksrk gS & tks
çksLVsV] Lru] dksyksjsDVy vkSj vU; dSalj ds fodkl dks çHkkfor dj
ldrk gS

8
q LoPN nqèkk: i'kq ds Fku ls fudyk oks çk—frd
æO; inkFkZ] ftlesa dksÃ cká xUnxh ugÈ gksrh vkSj
LokLF; dh –f"V ls vPNh lqxaèk ,oe~ ikSf"Vdrk
okyk gksrk gSaA blesa fuèkkZfjr ek=k esa olk o Bksl
inkFkZ fo|eku gksrs gSaA
q lkQ nwèk esa de cSDVhfj;k dh ek=k ds lkFk ,d
izkd``frd nwèk dk Lokn gksrk gS vkSj ekuo mi;ksx
ds fy, lqjf{kr gksrk gSA
LoPN nwèk
dPps nwèk dh xq.koÙkk& lajpukRed ?kVd ¼cVjQSV] çksVhu] ySDVkst]
nwèk ds Bksl inkFkZ vkfn½ vkSj LoPNrk ¼dqy cSDVhfj;k x.kuk] nSfgd
dksf'kdk x.kuk½ lacafèkr ekinaM 'kkfey gS

🐄 Lkadzfer nwèk dk lsou@dPps nwèk ds lsou ls
🐄 ikLpqjkbts'ku esa =qfV;k¡
🐄 twuksfVd jksxksa esa jksxk.kqjksèkh çfrjksèk dk
mn~Hko
🐄 nwèk esa jklk;fud feykoV
🐄 tkuojksa ds laidZ ds ekè;e ls euq";ksa dks
twuksfVd @i”kqtfur jksxtudksa dk lapj.k
miHkksDrkvksa es lqjf{kr nqX/k mRiknkas ds lsou dks ysdj c<rh tkx:drk

q Hkkjr esa nwèk dk mRiknu dqN fodflr ns'kksa ds cM+s iSekus ij nwèk mRiknu
ds foijhr gksrk gS
q Hkkjrh; Ms;jh dh fo'ks"krk& Ms;jh ij cgqr de i'kqèku dk gksuk gS &
vfèkdka'k mRikndksa ds ikl 1 ls 3 nqèkk: i'kq gSa vkSj cM+s iSekus ij xzkeh.k
vkèkkfjr xfrfofèk gS
q Hkkjr esa nwèk ds mRiknu] çlaLdj.k] [kir vkSj foi.ku dk ,d vuwBk
Lo:i gS] tks fdlh Hkh fodflr jk"Vª ls fy, rqyuh; ugÈ gS
q nwèk dh ewY; fuèkkZj.k uhfr
Hkkjr esa LoPN nqXèk mRiknu ,d pqukSrh

nqX/k
mRiknu
vlaxfBr
{ks=
laxfBr {ks=

12
qTkc nw/k es 100]000 dksf'kdk,a @ feyh ls
de gksa rks Fku dks LoLFk ,oa FkuSyk jksx
ls eqDr ekuk tkrk gS SCC <
100,000 cells/ml
q;fn nwèk esa 400]000 dksf'kdkvksa @ feyh
ls vfèkd ugÈ gS rks nw/k dks vkerkSj ij
varjkZ"Vªh; fu;kZr ekud ds :i esa
Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gS
lkseSfVd lsy dkmaV

13
qLoPN nwèk esa thok.kq vkSj vU; lw{e tho de gksrs gSa]
ftlds dkj.k ;g tYnh [kjkc ugÈ gksrk gSA
qLoPN nwèk dk i'kqikydksa dks vPNk nke feyuk pkfg;sA
qLoPN nwèk( ns'k esa fcdzh ds lkFk-lkFk blds mRikn dk
fons'kksa esa fcdz; dh laHkkouk;sa
qLoPN nwèk esa chekjh okys thok.kq ugÈ gksrs gS] vr% blds
lsou ls euq"; ds LokLF; ij çfrdwy çHkko ugÈ iM+rkA
LoPN nwèk dk egRo

LoPN nwèk dk egRo
nwèk dh xq.koÙkk egRoiw.kZ gS D;ksafd ;g ykHkçnrk] nwèk çlaLdj.k] ekuo
LokLF;] vkfn ij çHkko Mkyrh gSA
Ms;jh QkeZ dk ykHk
nwèk çlaLdj.k
q c<+h gqÃ nSfgd dksf'kdk dh fxurh de nwèk mRiknu dks n”kkZrh gS
q nwèk dh xq.koÙkk dk nwèk çlaLdj.k ij çfrdwy çHkko iM+rk gS

laØfer xk;ksa ds nwèk esa LVSfQyksdksdl v‚fj;l }kjk mRikfnr ghV&LVscy
,aVjksV‚fDlu ls QwM i‚btÇux ds ekeys
Ekkuo LokLF;
,aVhck;ksfVd vo'ks"kksa ds mYya?ku ds c<+rs tksf[ke
FkuSyk ik'pqjh—r nwèk dh xq.koÙkk dks çHkkfor djrk gS vkSj blds 'ksYQ ykbQ
dks de djrk gS
xq.koÙkk okyk nwèk& VkbQkbM] isfp'k] vkfn tSls jksxksa ls lqj{kk çnku djrk gS]
tks nwèk ls iwjh rjg ls ekuo laidZ esa vkrs gSa

§mRiknu dh chekfj;ksa dh dqy ykxr dk 40 izfr”kr ;kfu lcls
egaxk jksx gS
§FkuSyk ds dkj.k oSfÜod uqdlku& 35 fcfy;u Mkyj
§Hkkjrh; Ms;jh m|ksx dk uqdlku yxHkx # 6000 djksM+
FkuSyk dk Ms;jh vFkZO;LFkk ij izHkko

lqjf{kr nqXèk mRiknu dks çHkkfor djus okys dkjd
q LoLFk Fku ls lzkfor nwèk yxHkx thok.kq jfgr gksrk gS
q jksxtud tho ds fy, vPNs ehfM;k dk dk;Z djrk gS
q nwèk vklkuh ls ladzfer gks tkrk gS vkSj blfy, bls [kjkc gksus
okyh oLrq ekuk tkrk gS
LoPN vkSj lqjf{kr nwèk ds fy, ftEesnkj dkjdksa dks nks Jsf.k;ksa esa
oxÊ—r fd;k tk ldrk gS%
ü vkrafjd dkjd
ü ckgjh dkjd

q nwèk nqgus ls igys ;k nqgus ds ckn nwèk
dk lanw"k.k
q ikLpqjkbts'ku esa =qfV;ka
q nwèk esa jklk;fud feykoV
q Izkkf.ktU;@twuksfVd jksxksa esa jksxk.kqjksèkh
çfrjksèk dk mn~Hko
nwèk ds lanw"k.k ds laHkkfor rjhds

lqjf{kr nqXèk mRiknu ds fy, çcaèku j.kuhfr
vPNk nksgu çcaèku%
nksgu ,d dyk gS ftlesa vuqHko vkSj dkS'ky dh vko';drk gksrh gSA nksguk
èkhjs] tYnh] lkQ&lqFkjs vkSj iwjh rjg ls fd;k tkuk pkfg,
tkuojksa dh lQkÃ
xk;ksa ds fiNys Hkkx ,oa tka?kksa dks cz”k lss
lkQ fd;k tkuk pkfg,] vkSj èkks;k tkuk
pkfg,

(Schriener and Ruegg, 2002)
Fku dh LoPNrk

21
vPNh nksgu izFkk

🐄 pqVdh vkSj eqVBh@gFksyh ls nksgu vke rkSj ij
bLrseky dh tkus okyh fofèk;k¡ gSa
🐄 nwèk nqgrs le; cgqr ls nqX/k nksgd vius vaxwBs dks
eksM+dj nw/k fudkyrs gSa ftls udfyax nksgu fof/k dgk
tkrk gSA
nksgu dh lgh fofèk

eqVBh@gFksyh ls nksgu

pqVdh ls nksgu

udfyax nksgu fof/k

26
nksgu dze
Heifer
Clean cow
Susceptible
Infected cow

nksgu dh lgh fofèk
q nksgd dk lkQ&lqFkjk gksuk
q nwèk nqgus okys crZu
q ikuh ls Ik”kq ds fiNys Hkkx ,oa Fku dh èkqykÃ
qLwk{ethoksa dks ekjus ds fy, lSfuVkbt+j ls 30 lsdaM dk laidZ
vko';dA
qnksgu ls iwoZ 10 ls 20 lsdUM Fku ds elkt ls nw/k Fku es mrj
vkrk gSA
q çR;sd Fkukxz ls nwèk ds igys dqN /kkj dks fLVªi di ij fudky
nsuk pkfg, rkfd Fku esa lwtu dh laHkkfor ?kVukvksa ds fy, nwèk
esa Fkôs fn[kkÃ ns ldsa

§ izR;sd nksgu ds ckn izR;sd xk; ds
Fkukxz ij VhV fMi yxkuk
§ nks nksgu ds chp lSfuVkbtj dh
vof'k"V fQYe NksM+sa
iksLV&fMfiax
•vk;ksMhu vkèkkfjr ¼vk;ksMksQksj½(
•DyksjgsfDlfMu&vkèkkfjr
•gkbiksDyksjkbV&vkèkkfjr
•DokVuhZjh veksfu;e dEikmaM
•MksMsfly csathu lYQksfud ,flM

q le; ij nwèk nqguk ,oa nwèk nqgus es le; dk yxuk
q lEiw.kZ nqXèk nksgu
vU; egRoiw.kZ fcUnq

vU; egRoiw.kZ fcUnq
q nqèk nqgus ds ckn xk;ksa dks FkksM+h nsj
rd [kM++k j[kuk pkfg;sA
q fu;fer lh- ,e- Vh-
q Ms;jh mRikndksa dk Ms;jh ds izfr
viuk O;fDrxr LoHkko ,oa joS;k

LoPN nqXèk mRiknu ds fy, [kk| çcaèku
q Ms;jh xk; dk vPNk iks"k.k nwèk dh
ek=k] xq.koÙkk vkSj vofèk dks n'kkZrk
gS
q i'kqvksa dks /kwy&/kwlfjr ;k cgqr eghu
nkuk f[kykus ls cpuk pkfg,
q nwèk nqgus dh txg ij lhost u gks]
vkSj lkbyst dks ugÈ f[kykuk pkfg,
q i'kq pkjk & iks"k.k fojksèkh dkjdksa vkSj
fo"kkä inkFkksZa ls eqä gksuk pkfg,

q dhVuk'kd] jksxtud ,tsaVksa] vkSj fo"kkä inkFkksZ tSls vuqi;qä inkFkksZ
dh mifLFkfr dk xaHkhj :i ls ewY;kadu fd;k tkuk pkfg,
q nqèkk: i'kqvksa ds fy, bLrseky fd;k tkus okyk pkjk( QQwanuk'kh]
'kkduk'kh] dhVuk'kd] ¶;wfexsaV~l] Hkkjh èkkrqvksa vkfn ls eqä gksuk
pkfg,A
q vkgkj esa [kfut yo.k dh mifLFkfr
q foVkfeu Ã vkSj lsysfu;e
LoPN nqXèk mRiknu ds fy, [kk| çcaèku

LoPN nqXèk mRiknu ds fy, vkokl çcaèku
q Ms;jh tkuojksa ds vkokl ls xans ty] ey&ew= fudklh] vPNh rjg ls
ok;qlapkj @osafVys'ku vkSj i;kZIr jks'kuh çnku djus ds fy, fMt+kbu fd;k
tkuk pkfg,
q blds fy, LVky ds fMtkbu] fcLrj vkSj lkQ&lQkÃ vkSj LoPNrk ij è;ku
nsus dh vko';drk gS
q nqèkk: i'kq dk xank Q'kZ] mnj esa laØe.k ds c<+rs çdkj ds vPNs lzksr ds :i
esa dk;Z dj ldrk gS
q csfMax dk egRo
q i;kZoj.kh; mRifÙk ds cSDVhfj;k Fku dh uyh ls p<rk gqvk ladze.k dj
ldrs gSa( tc ;g iwjh rjg ls can ugÈ gksrk gSA

q cgqr de tkuojksa ds fy,
fMt+kbu fd, x, vkokl {ks=ksa
esa xkscj dk vR;fèkd gksuk
q Xkkscj dk fuLrkj.k] fcNkou ds
çdkj vkSj xk; ds fcNkou ds
j[kj[kko dk LoPNrk ij çeq[k
çHkko gSa
q Xkkscj dh <hyh fLFkfr
q nwèk nqgus ds rqjar ckn VhV
dSuky dk [kqyuk@<hyk gksuk
vkSj laØe.k ds fy, vfèkd
volj dk gksuk

q laØe.k dks de djus ds fy, i;kZIr fcNkou ds lkFk i“kq“kkyk dks lkQ
vkSj lw[ks j[kuk pkfg,A
q i'kq 'ksM ls xkscj ,oa ew= fudkyus ds fy, ukyh dks fu;fer :i ls lkQ
fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
q cgqr vfèkd xhys {ks=ksa esa lrg ij <yk gqvk pwuk fNM+dus ls ;g tYnh
lw[kus esa enn djrk gSA
q feYd 'ksM ds Q'kZ dks lkQ ikuh ls èkks;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj ,d çfr'kr
CyhÇpx ikmMj ds ?kksy ls dhVk.kqjfgr djuk pkfg,A
q efD[k;ksa vkSj vU; dhM+ksa dk fu;a=.k egRoiw.kZ gSA

LoPN nqXèk mRiknu ds fy, LokLF; çcaèku
q ,Q-,e-Mh-] ,p-,l-] czqlsyksfll vkfn ds f[kykQ i'kqvksa dk Vhdkdj.k
fu;fer :i ls fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
q tkuojksa dk fu;fer ijh{k.k &Vh-ch- vkSj czqlsyksfll
q laØked chekjh ls ihfM+r tkuojksa dks LoLFk >qaM ls vyx j[kuk
pkfg,A
q Ms;jh QkeZ esa 'kq"d&xk; ,aVhck;ksfVd mipkj (Dry cow therapy) dks
c<+kok fn;k tkuk pkfg,A

37
Fku lq[kkus ds mijkar fpfdRlk

q 'kq"d&xk; ,aVhck;ksfVd mipkj ds nksgjs mís';
1- 'kq"d vofèk ds nkSjku u, intramammary infection (IMI) dh jksdFkke
2- IMI ds ekStwnk bykt
q jksxk.kqjksèkh@ jksxfujksèkh ,tsaVksa ds vuqfpr mi;ksx dks de fd;k tkuk pkfg,
q Ms;jh QkeZ ij lkYeksusyksfll ;k fyLVsfj;ksfll ds funku dks ,d ladsr ds
:i esa ekuk tkuk pkfg, fd >qaM esa vU; laHkkfor laØfer tkuoj ekStwn gks
ldrs gSaA
q cYd VSad nwèk ij dksyhQ‚eZ dkmaV dks fu;fer :i ls ladsrd ds :i esa
çnÆ'kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
LoPN nqXèk mRiknu ds fy, LokLF; çcaèku

fu"d"kZ
q vPNh nqX/k nksgu dh izFkk LFkkfir gksuh pkfg,
q Fku LokLF; vkSj le;≤ ij FkuSyk fu;a=.k dk;ZØe dh leh{kk
q LoPN nwèk dk csgrj ewY; ,oa nqXèk xq.koÙkk izksRlkgu iqjLdkj
q LoPN nwèk mRiknu ds fy, tkx:drk dk;ZØe cuk;k tkuk pkfg,
q bu dneksa dk leFkZu djus ds fy, lalkèkuksa dh ,d foLr`r J`a[kyk
fodflr dh tkuh pkfg,

Thank you/kU;okn

Clean milk production

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