3. Class Case
Ford Pinto Car
I. Facts of the Case
Background
Company Profile
TOWS Analysis
II. Objectives of the Case
III. Ethical Issue
IV. Stakeholders
V. Alternatives Courses of Action
VI. Effects of Alternatives on Stakeholders
VII. Choosing the Best Alternative
Decision Criteria and Weights
Evaluation of Alternative Courses of Action
VIII. Discussion of Results
IX. Implementation Plan
X. References
THREATS
Strong competition with
Volkswagen
Inflicting damage due to brand
reputation
Lawsuits
Closing of company
Credibility issues
Media reports
Potential losses due to market
pullout
OPPORTUNITIES
Rising market of compact cars
Marketability of the patented
tech
Intro of new design to the marke
acceptable to the public and
safety standards
Car loan offers
WEAKNESSES
Faulty design of the fuel tank
Opportunistic Employees (bigger
market share without considering
tech issues)
Value profit over safety
Poor quality mgt control
Dollar over life
STRENGTHS
Low cost-affordability
Trusted brand
Profitability due to product itself
Faster to produce
Patented tech
4. Class Case
Ford Pinto Car
I. Facts of the Case
Background
Company Profile
TOWS Analysis
II. Objectives of the Case
III. Ethical Issue
IV. Stakeholders
V. Alternatives Courses of Action
VI. Effects of Alternatives on Stakeholders
VII. Choosing the Best Alternative
Decision Criteria and Weights
Evaluation of Alternative Courses of Action
VIII. Discussion of Results
IX. Implementation Plan
X. References
THREATS
Lawsuits
+ strong presence of compact
cars
Competition
Govt restrictions
Cost analysis is lacking in terms of
basis in assigning costs
Volkswagen competition
Available document that put Ford
down
OPPORTUNITIES
Tapping the compact car
markets
High demand
Product devt
National Highway… car industry
support
Strengthen their case by other
brands
WEAKNESSES
Product recalls
Unsafe car -gas tank position
Authoritarian mgt
Less production budget (?)
Poor design
Poor product dev planning
Negligence
Inhumane cost-benefit analysis
Ford delayed ethical decision for
8 years
STRENGTHS
Connection with lobbying
Strong brand recall
Operating in home market
Globally competitive
Good crisis mgt
Massive resources
5. 2. Objectives of the Case
In the context of business ethics,
this case study aims to:
● Objective 1
● Objective 2
3. Ethical Issue: Statement of the
problem. If more than one problem, cite
all and state how your chosen problem is
more important than the others
Point of View: Whose point of view are
you taking?
6. 2. Objectives of the Case
In the context of business ethics,
this case study aims to:
● Objective 1
Know realities in the conduct of
business, responsibilities and
maximization of profits as just
one of the focus of ethical
behavior
● Objective 2
Brand strategy based on
honesty, authenticity and
transparency
Prepare readers to ethically do
the right thing
Exercise and consider decisions
to reach an ethical decisions
3. Ethical Issue: Statement of the
problem. If more than one problem, cite
all and state how your chosen problem is
more important than the others
Placing dollar value on human life
Neglecting safety issues
Ford Transparency on the issue human life
Legal rights over moral rights
Stakeholders’ asymmetric info bet Ford
and society
Ford’s Sense of Accountability
Govt standards are substandard
Justice for the rich and powerful ONLY
7. 4. Stakeholders
Stakeholder Group
Ford
Customers
Victims and their families
Government
Competitors
Employees of Ford
Suppliers
Impact on the Stakeholder
Ford: Customer loyalty, trust, loss of profit
Customer: pay more for car improvement,
higher quality and safe cars
Victims/Families: Justice
Government: people trusting govt more
easier way implementing prod stds; save
time
Competitors: improved products to save
lives
Employees of Ford: Boost morale
Suppliers: better quality of raw materials
5. Alternative Courses Of Action
● Alternative 1 : Product recall, ensure safety protocols in
place
Acknowledgment of fault++
Description of the alternative
Effect on Ford: positive attraction to customers
● Alternative 2: Ensure quality cars to produce, customers
options for refund, just compensation to victims
Description of the alternative
● Alternative 3: Ford uses influence with government
to advance safety protocols+
Compliance regulatory stds set by government
Ford will be associated with safe cars
Description of the alternative
8. 4. Stakeholders
Stakeholder Group
Impact on the Stakeholder
5. Alternative Courses Of Action
● Alternative 1
● Alternative 2:
Description of the alternative
● Alternative 3:
9. 4. Stakeholders
Stakeholder Group
Ford
Customers
Victims and their families
Government
Competitors
Employees of Ford
Suppliers
Impact on the Stakeholder
Ford: Customer loyalty, trust, loss of profit
Customer: pay more for car improvement,
higher quality and safe cars
Victims/Families: Justice
Government: people trusting govt more
easier way implementing prod stds; save
time
Competitors: improved products to save
lives
Employees of Ford: Boost morale
Suppliers: better quality of raw materials
5. Alternative Courses Of Action
● Alternative 1 : Product recall, ensure safety protocols in
place
Acknowledgment of fault++
Description of the alternative
Effect on Ford: positive attraction to customers
● Alternative 2: Ensure quality cars to produce, customers
options for refund, just compensation to victims
Description of the alternative
● Alternative 3: Ford uses influence with government
to advance safety protocols+
Compliance regulatory stds set by government
Ford will be associated with safe cars
Description of the alternative
10. 6. Effects of Alternatives on
Stakeholders
Alternative 1: : Product recall, ensure
safety protocols in place
Stakeholder Effects
Stakeholder Group 1: Ford
Management: Profits, reputation
Stakeholder Group 2: Employees: loss
of job?
Stakeholder Group 3: Suppliers: belief
of good standards of Ford
7. Choosing the Best Alternative
11. Markulla Framework
Utilitarian Approach
Who benefit from the
act? Who are
burdened? Does the
act maximize the total
net benefit to everyone
concerned
(stakeholders)?
Discussion
Ethics of Care Does
the act show proper
care to people we have
special relationships
with? Will it earn the
trust of people we
value?
Discussion
Rights & Duties Approach Does the
act respect the moral rights of
everyone concerned? Does it treat
everyone as persons and not merely as
things?
Justice & Fairness Approach Will the
act lead to a fair distribution of benefits
and burdens? If it will cause inequality,
will it improve the situation of the least
advantaged persons?
Human Dignity and Common Good
Approach Does the act promote
dignity and allow total human
development for everyone?
Virtue Approach Will this option lead
me to act as the sort of person I want
to be?
12. Decision Criteria Definition Weights Rationale
Utilitarian Approach Who benefit from the act? Who are
burdened? Does the act maximize the
total net benefit to everyone concerned
(stakeholders)?
Ford
Employees
Victims
Etc.
50%
30
20
10
30%
Rights and Duties Approach Does the act respect the moral rights of
everyone concerned? Does it treat
everyone as persons and not merely as
things?
10
20
10
20%
Justice and Fairness
Approach
Will the act lead to a fair distribution of
benefits and burdens? If it will cause
inequality, will it improve the situation of
the least advantaged persons?
15
20
15
30%
Ethics of Care approach 15
20
15
10%
Human Dignity and Common
Good Approach
50%
30
20
50
10%
ACA1
13. Reporter Critique Case
Group 1 3 1, Enron
Group 2 4 2, Google
Group 3 5 3, Fb Targeting a Broken Heart
Group 4 1 4 Walmart
Group 5 2 5 Silent Initiative