The Supreme Court dismissed a petition seeking disclosure of information about reimbursement of medical expenses of Supreme Court judges. The Court refused to divulge this information, stating it would violate the privacy of judges, despite the expenditures being made from public funds. Prashant Bhushan, appearing for the petitioner, argued that as public servants spending taxpayer money, the judiciary should be as transparent as it expects other public authorities to be. By dismissing the petition, the Court undermines transparency and accountability in its own functioning.
Dr Boomla: Eligibility and Entitlement within the NHShealth4migrants
At the MRN conference "Universal Access to Healthcare in the Age of Migration" Dr Boomla looked specifically at the practical implications of proposed changes within the NHS and how this will influence access to healthcare for specific communities.
Dr Boomla: Eligibility and Entitlement within the NHShealth4migrants
At the MRN conference "Universal Access to Healthcare in the Age of Migration" Dr Boomla looked specifically at the practical implications of proposed changes within the NHS and how this will influence access to healthcare for specific communities.
The aim of the paper is to analyze theoretically and empirically the likely impact of the reduction in exchange rate uncertainty, due to the EMU accession, on the intensity of FDI inflow into candidate countries. Theoretical models give an ambiguous picture of how exchange rate uncertainty and volatility affect direction and magnitude of FDI inflows. The main contribution of this paper is in finding that exchange rate uncertainty and volatility may negatively influence the decision to locate investment in transition and accession countries. Nominal exchange rate uncertainty seems to particularly hamper FDI inflows in accession countries. The key finding of this paper is that euro adoption is likely to exert a positive influence on FDI inflows in accession countries.
Authored by: Michal Brzozowski
Published in 2003
The aim of the paper is to analyze theoretically and empirically the likely impact of the reduction in exchange rate uncertainty, due to the EMU accession, on the intensity of FDI inflow into candidate countries. Theoretical models give an ambiguous picture of how exchange rate uncertainty and volatility affect direction and magnitude of FDI inflows. The main contribution of this paper is in finding that exchange rate uncertainty and volatility may negatively influence the decision to locate investment in transition and accession countries. Nominal exchange rate uncertainty seems to particularly hamper FDI inflows in accession countries. The key finding of this paper is that euro adoption is likely to exert a positive influence on FDI inflows in accession countries.
Authored by: Michal Brzozowski
Published in 2003
Running Head ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD .docxtodd271
Running Head: ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD 1
ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD 5
Electronic Health Record
Name
Course Title and Number
Professor’s name
Date
Electronic Health Record
Introduction
EHR is a systemized digital chart that contain collective information about patients. The EHR at Practice Fusion offers free sign up which offers an experience that does not incur any cost. There are minimal requirements to sign up as only personal information is needed. Navigation around the record is efficient and easy due to the availability of tutorials. The information is provided instantly through the easy access from any location, making it relatively fast. Information security is enhanced because access to the records is only by authorized users (Shan 2015)
Charting with doctors is a feature in the EHR and there are many doctors present to attend to patients. Online services present at the system are effective because I have the ability to book appointment online. The history of a patient treatment can be recovered from the records for further treatment. Information from the EHR can be shared between doctors in different departments or facilities that facilitates treatment at different locations and facilities.
Standards
Acute care is treatment that is short-term but treats severe injuries and illness. Ambulatory care involves the outpatient care where patients receive treatment and go home the same day without admission in the hospital. There are certain standards that govern the EHR in this type of care. For both the medical care, security and privacy standards should be maintained. This entails that those who are authorized to access patient information should not disclose the information to anyone. This promotes confidentiality and privacy.
The EHR keeps lists of all the problem as per the standards for reference in continuous treatment. Medication issued to patients also have to be listed to provide a follow up. The EHR offers information on all allergies affecting customers together with their preventive measures. According to the regulations the EHR should be enabled to exchange and share patient information. The ERH has to be certified by the health and human services.
Challenges
The web-based nature of the EHR poses as a threat to healthcare provider as records are vulnerable to hacking. Information leakage may damage the reputation of the provider. Healthcare providers’ maybe resistance to EHR due to time taken to adapt the system. The adaptation duration decreases productivity hence ineffective in initial stages. Doctor patient interactions are disrupted by the EHR due to lack of face to face appointments.
Doctors tend to overlie on the EHR systems to make decision which leads to poor medical assistance. The EHRs are relatively expens.
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Parmanad Katara v. Union of India, 1989 AIR 2039, 1989 SCR (3) 997, Indian Constitution Article 21, Article 32 and Clause 10 Clause 13 of the code of medical ethics, PIL by Human Right Activist, Every doctor whether at a Government hospital or otherwise has the professional obligation to extend his services with due expertise for protecting life said the Supreme Court
1. CAMPAIGN FOR JUDICIAL ACCOUNTABILITY AND REFORM
6/6 Basement, Jangpura B, NEW DELHI-1100014
judicialreforms@gmail.com , www.judicialreforms.org
Patrons: Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer, Justice P.B.Sawant, Justice H. Suresh, Shri Shanti Bhushan, Shri K.G. Kannabiran, Shri Ajit
Bhattacharjea, Prof. B.B.Pande, Admiral R.H. Tahiliani, Dr. Bhaskar Rao, Ms. Arundhati Roy, Dr. Banwari Lal
Sharma, ShriPradipPrabhu, Prof BabuMathew, Dr Baba Adhav, Ms. Kamini Jaiswal, Shri Mihir Desai, Shri Manoj
Mitta
Working Committee: Prashant Bhushan, , Pranav Sachdeva, Venkatesh Sundaram, InduPrakash Singh, D. Leena, Devvrat,
Divya Jyoti Jaipuriar, Cheryl D’Souza
PRESS RELEASE
SUPREME COURT REFUSES INFORMATION ON MEDICAL EXPENSES OF
SUPREME COURT JUDGES
Today the Supreme Court dismissed a petition against the judgment of the High
Court holding that the information about reimbursement of medical expenditure of
Supreme Court judges as their ‘personal information’ not accessible under Right to
Information (RTI) Act.
Supreme Court refused to divulge information about medical expenses of Supreme
Court judges stating that this would violate the privacy of the judges.
This order was passed today despite the fact that the expenditure is made out of
public funds and people have a right to know how the tax-payer’s money is being
spent.
Prashant Bhushan appearing for the petitioner pointed out that Supreme Court ought
not to be reluctant to disclose the information just because it concerns the judges. He
said that there is a public impression that judiciary is not willing to follow the same
standards of transparency and accountability, that it expects from other public
authorities and public servants.
Bhushan said that unfortunately judges acting as a judge in their own cause are
deciding whether information concerning themselves is to be divulged or not, and are
overturning orders of the Central Information Commission which has directed
disclosure of information concerning appointment, transfers and medical expenses of
judges.
2. The above is doubly unfortunate because the Right to Information Act was enacted
pursuant to several judgments of the Supreme Court saying that right to know is a
fundamental right and people have a right to know every public act. Supreme Court
had also went to the extent of directing all election candidates (who were not even
public servants) to disclose their and their family member’s financial assets, their
criminal antecedents and educational qualifications.
Bhushan submitted that Section 8(1)(j) of the RTI Act only permits non-disclosure of
“personal information which has no relationship to any public activity or interest, or
which would cause unwarranted invasion of privacy of the individual”. Thus
information concerning expenditure of public money cannot be exempted from
disclosure since it cannot be said to be information which has no relationship with
public activity or public interest.
Bhushan stated that if this information is denied, then similar information about
medical expenses of ministers, legislators and bureaucrats would also become
inaccessible to the public, which would harm public interest. Huge sum of public
money is spent and misused by politicians for their medical expenditure, which ought
to be known to the public.
It was pointed out to the Supreme Court that a refusal to entertain this petition would
set a bad precedent and would create public disquiet. However, the Supreme Court
still dismissed the petition. This shows that extent to which the judiciary goes to
scuttle transparency and accountability in its functioning.
Prashant Bhushan
Convener, CJAR