Cja 140 Enthusiastic Study / snaptutorial.comStephenson20
As you read, many defendants in the criminal justice system are prosecuted in state courts, which means that for the most part prosecutors rely on state case law and statutes as guidelines for whether or not they should be charged. In this assignment, you will select a defendant who has been prosecuted in your state court. Describe, in 1 page, the case against the defendant and the crimes for which the defendant has been charged. Examine the punishment assigned to the offender. If the offender you chose was acquitted or has not yet reached the punishment stage, you will still be able to examine the punishments that were available.
Crj 100 Enthusiastic Study / snaptutorial.comStephenson42
Question 1 Which of the following is false regarding education and the police?
Question 2 What city was the first to hire and award the title of police officer to a woman in 1910?
Question 3 Justification of the use of deadly force via the "fleeing felon" rule can be traced to:
Question 4 Which of the following is not one of the six core beliefs at the heart of the police culture?
Question 5 Which of the following traits is said to be found on all levels of policing?
Question 1 Which of the following is false regarding education and the police?
Question 2 What city was the first to hire and award the title of police officer to a woman in 1910?
Question 3 Justification of the use of deadly force via the "fleeing felon" rule can be traced to:
Question 4 Which of the following is not one of the six core beliefs at the heart of the police culture?
Question 5 Which of the following traits is said to be found on all levels of policing?
Question 6 Which of the following is not a problem associated with the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)?
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
As you read, many defendants in the criminal justice system are prosecuted in state courts, which means that for the most part prosecutors rely on state case law and statutes as guidelines for whether or not they should be charged. In this assignment, you will select a defendant who has been prosecuted in your state court.
As you read, many defendants in the criminal justice system are prosecuted in state courts, which means that for the most part prosecutors rely on state case law and statutes as guidelines for whether or not they should be charged. In this assignment, you will select a defendant who has been prosecuted in your state court. Describe, in 1 page, the case against the defendant and the crimes for which the defendant has been charged. Examine the punishment assigned to the offender. If the offender you chose was acquitted or has not yet reached the punishment stage, you will still be able to examine the punishments that were available.
Assignment # 1 Contemporary Issues classBackground Story Th.docxjane3dyson92312
Assignment # 1 Contemporary Issues class
Background Story
:
This assignment is Due March 30, 2014 @6pm PST
The murder of Cindy Jones, a young woman, stunned the community in Centervale. Five years ago, a young woman was found strangled to death in her car outside a grocery store in Centervale. For the past five years, the Centervale Police Department (CPD) has worked tirelessly to develop leads toward the identification of a suspect. Last year, the CPD officials got a break when the State Crime Lab notified the lead detective that the DNA sample recovered from the purse strap found around Jones's neck indicated the involvement of Jason Rivers.
The District Attorney's (DA's) office has never had a case like this before. Jones came from an honorable family in the community and Rivers is a mentally challenged, middle-aged man who lives with his father far from the grocery store. Rivers had been arrested more than twenty-five times before the death of Jones. Centervale detectives have surmised that Rivers happened to be in the area of the grocery store where he supposedly encountered Jones.
Upon arrest, Rivers was found to be incompetent to proceed to trial and a judge remanded him to a state custody. Recently, doctors at the State Mental Health Hospital sent a notice that Rivers was no longer suffering from the effects of substance abuse and is competent to stand trial. A judge ruled in accordance with the doctors and the case was put on the docket for trial.
During jury selection, the voir dire consisted of questions about how potential jurors felt about law enforcement-related TV shows. During the presentation of the case, the State introduced the jury to the DNA evidence and other important physical evidence in the case. Rivers did not take the stand and the defense rested on the claim that Rivers's DNA got on the purse strap when he accidently bumped into Jones at the checkout lane of the grocery store while she was putting groceries into her grocery cart.
The defense also attacked the CPD because a former detective who worked on the Jones crime scene was convicted of domestic violence and assault on a female since the murder.
The defense also called into question the credibility and integrity of the former detective because he was alleged to have been romantically interested in Jones before her death. In fact, Jones had spoken with a CPD official, off the record, about the harassing phone calls she received from the former detective, although nothing was done by the department to stop the calls.
Tasks:
You are an intern working in the DA's office. The DA has asked you to help him assemble information about current trends in criminal justice that relate to the Jones murder case.
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a corresponding reference on a separate page of the report, compose a 5- to 6-page report using APA format, addressing the following:
·
Compare and contrast the current trends surrounding t.
Respect writer can you please send them in separate documents plse.docxpeggyd2
Respect writer
can you please send them in separate documents plse? Thank you
Assignment due April 10, 2014 6pm PST (Assignment 1 for Contemporary Issues class)
Back Story
The murder of Jones sent shock waves through the city of Centervale. Jason Rivers was convicted of second-degree murder and was sentenced to six years in prison.
In a strange twist of fate, the state legislature created a new law that addressed multiyear prison sentences, as the state legislature struggled to meet budgetary constraints, by releasing offenders who serve half their sentence if the offenders had no infractions within ninety days of the time they come up for release. Rivers was released after serving three and half years in prison. Unfortunately, within weeks, Rivers brutally assaulted an elderly female in an attempted robbery and his parole was revoked.
The case of Rivers has become the "poster child" for opponents of the new legislation who argue that criminal justice research shows offender recidivism rates are very high for violent offenders. On the other hand, proponents of the new legislation stand on the claim that Rivers is a victim because he did not have adequate programming available to him during his youth that would have steered him clear of criminal behavior; he should be given alternative sanctions to address his issues.
Citizens of Centervale approach the mayor and other city officials with concerns about how the police department operates in Centervale. Some of the citizens want a transparent police department and more stringent background checks before officers are hired. This move comes on the heels of the former
detective whose off-duty behavior was brought to the forefront during the murder trial of Rivers.
Citizens are concerned that crime is out of control in Centervale. Citizens are also disappointed by the new legislation that created the situation for Rivers's release because the elderly female who was victimized in the robbery was a beloved, retired, first-grade teacher in the Centervale Elementary School. Overall, citizens are showing little support for local and state law enforcement and are demonstrating little faith in the criminal justice system after the assault on the elderly woman.
As an intern for the DA's office, it is part of your duty to help the DA reach out to citizens in the community. The DA, the Chief of Police, and the Mayor have met on the issues raised by the citizens of Centervale. The DA's office is planning a Citizen's Academy in partnership with the Centervale Police Department.
The goal is not only to address the issues that citizens have with law enforcement and the criminal justice system, but also to educate citizens about the obstacles and challenges that criminal justice professionals face in trying to do the right thing for the community, while balancing numerous variables that are out of their control
Tasks
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a corresponding reference .
1#1 Key Concepts in Building Law Enforcement Legitimac.docxkarisariddell
1
#1: Key Concepts in Building Law Enforcement Legitimacy
Law enforcement legitimacy is very important for both the agencies and the communities they serve and protect. There must be public trust and confidence in the police for their overall mission and objectives to be attained. There must also be a sense of obligation and responsibility by the citizenry to accept police authority. For legitimacy to exist, a belief that police actions are morally justified and appropriate to the circumstances should be shared by the public. The Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (ICJIA) is just one organization in the U.S. that promotes the notion that when police are perceived to be procedurally just in their actions, public recognition of police legitimacy improved along with the ability of police to carry out their responsibilities effectively (http://www.icjia.state.il.us/articles/procedural-justice-in-policing-how-the-process-of-justice-impacts-public-attitudes-and-law-enforcement-outcomes).
#2: Prevailing Opinions of the Legitimacy of Law Enforcement in the U.S.
Many general opinions on the legitimacy of law enforcement may be formed by the perception of police behavior being lawful vs. procedurally just. The general public have a limited understanding of the law as it pertains to statutes and the Constitution, but most people have a strong understanding of behavior that is considered procedurally just and unjust. In other words, an officer’s behavior may be within the legal scope of authority but completely wrong as being procedurally just. Officer behavior during traffic stops, searches, attitudes, verbal commands and overall interpersonal exchanges with the public all contribute to the public opinion of legitimacy in law enforcement (http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/RIC/publications/cops-p241-pub). Prevailing opinions among member of communities of color tend to be more negative toward legitimacy of law enforcement because of issues pertaining to racial profiling, higher arrest rates, mistreatment and over enforcement, in comparison to predominantly white communities.
#3: The Impact of Racial Profiling and Disproportionate Contact with Ethnic Groups
Both racial profiling and disproportionate contact with certain racial groups undermine legitimacy because it destroys trust between law enforcement and those respective racial groups. It erodes the belief that police actions are morally justified and should be supported and adhered to. Racial profiling also undermines the effectiveness of law enforcement by having the opposite affect on the goal of detecting and reducing crime. Policing efforts focused on race allows other important factors to go undetected when seeking to detect and reduce crime. If minority groups have lower hit rates compared to whites, an entire swath of criminal activity goes undetected to the detriment of the community. Additionally, the use of statistical discrimination have further advanced the not.
Assignment due April 10, 2014 6pm PST (Assignment 1 for Contempora.docxssuser562afc1
Assignment due April 10, 2014 6pm PST (Assignment 1 for Contemporary Issues class)
Back Story
The murder of Jones sent shock waves through the city of Centervale. Jason Rivers was convicted of second-degree murder and was sentenced to six years in prison.
In a strange twist of fate, the state legislature created a new law that addressed multiyear prison sentences, as the state legislature struggled to meet budgetary constraints, by releasing offenders who serve half their sentence if the offenders had no infractions within ninety days of the time they come up for release. Rivers was released after serving three and half years in prison. Unfortunately, within weeks, Rivers brutally assaulted an elderly female in an attempted robbery and his parole was revoked.
The case of Rivers has become the "poster child" for opponents of the new legislation who argue that criminal justice research shows offender recidivism rates are very high for violent offenders. On the other hand, proponents of the new legislation stand on the claim that Rivers is a victim because he did not have adequate programming available to him during his youth that would have steered him clear of criminal behavior; he should be given alternative sanctions to address his issues.
Citizens of Centervale approach the mayor and other city officials with concerns about how the police department operates in Centervale. Some of the citizens want a transparent police department and more stringent background checks before officers are hired. This move comes on the heels of the formerdetective whose off-duty behavior was brought to the forefront during the murder trial of Rivers.
Citizens are concerned that crime is out of control in Centervale. Citizens are also disappointed by the new legislation that created the situation for Rivers's release because the elderly female who was victimized in the robbery was a beloved, retired, first-grade teacher in the Centervale Elementary School. Overall, citizens are showing little support for local and state law enforcement and are demonstrating little faith in the criminal justice system after the assault on the elderly woman.
As an intern for the DA's office, it is part of your duty to help the DA reach out to citizens in the community. The DA, the Chief of Police, and the Mayor have met on the issues raised by the citizens of Centervale. The DA's office is planning a Citizen's Academy in partnership with the Centervale Police Department.
The goal is not only to address the issues that citizens have with law enforcement and the criminal justice system, but also to educate citizens about the obstacles and challenges that criminal justice professionals face in trying to do the right thing for the community, while balancing numerous variables that are out of their control
Tasks
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a corresponding reference on a separate page of the report, compose a 8- to 10-page report using APA format ...
Cja 140 Enthusiastic Study / snaptutorial.comStephenson20
As you read, many defendants in the criminal justice system are prosecuted in state courts, which means that for the most part prosecutors rely on state case law and statutes as guidelines for whether or not they should be charged. In this assignment, you will select a defendant who has been prosecuted in your state court. Describe, in 1 page, the case against the defendant and the crimes for which the defendant has been charged. Examine the punishment assigned to the offender. If the offender you chose was acquitted or has not yet reached the punishment stage, you will still be able to examine the punishments that were available.
Crj 100 Enthusiastic Study / snaptutorial.comStephenson42
Question 1 Which of the following is false regarding education and the police?
Question 2 What city was the first to hire and award the title of police officer to a woman in 1910?
Question 3 Justification of the use of deadly force via the "fleeing felon" rule can be traced to:
Question 4 Which of the following is not one of the six core beliefs at the heart of the police culture?
Question 5 Which of the following traits is said to be found on all levels of policing?
Question 1 Which of the following is false regarding education and the police?
Question 2 What city was the first to hire and award the title of police officer to a woman in 1910?
Question 3 Justification of the use of deadly force via the "fleeing felon" rule can be traced to:
Question 4 Which of the following is not one of the six core beliefs at the heart of the police culture?
Question 5 Which of the following traits is said to be found on all levels of policing?
Question 6 Which of the following is not a problem associated with the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)?
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
As you read, many defendants in the criminal justice system are prosecuted in state courts, which means that for the most part prosecutors rely on state case law and statutes as guidelines for whether or not they should be charged. In this assignment, you will select a defendant who has been prosecuted in your state court.
As you read, many defendants in the criminal justice system are prosecuted in state courts, which means that for the most part prosecutors rely on state case law and statutes as guidelines for whether or not they should be charged. In this assignment, you will select a defendant who has been prosecuted in your state court. Describe, in 1 page, the case against the defendant and the crimes for which the defendant has been charged. Examine the punishment assigned to the offender. If the offender you chose was acquitted or has not yet reached the punishment stage, you will still be able to examine the punishments that were available.
Assignment # 1 Contemporary Issues classBackground Story Th.docxjane3dyson92312
Assignment # 1 Contemporary Issues class
Background Story
:
This assignment is Due March 30, 2014 @6pm PST
The murder of Cindy Jones, a young woman, stunned the community in Centervale. Five years ago, a young woman was found strangled to death in her car outside a grocery store in Centervale. For the past five years, the Centervale Police Department (CPD) has worked tirelessly to develop leads toward the identification of a suspect. Last year, the CPD officials got a break when the State Crime Lab notified the lead detective that the DNA sample recovered from the purse strap found around Jones's neck indicated the involvement of Jason Rivers.
The District Attorney's (DA's) office has never had a case like this before. Jones came from an honorable family in the community and Rivers is a mentally challenged, middle-aged man who lives with his father far from the grocery store. Rivers had been arrested more than twenty-five times before the death of Jones. Centervale detectives have surmised that Rivers happened to be in the area of the grocery store where he supposedly encountered Jones.
Upon arrest, Rivers was found to be incompetent to proceed to trial and a judge remanded him to a state custody. Recently, doctors at the State Mental Health Hospital sent a notice that Rivers was no longer suffering from the effects of substance abuse and is competent to stand trial. A judge ruled in accordance with the doctors and the case was put on the docket for trial.
During jury selection, the voir dire consisted of questions about how potential jurors felt about law enforcement-related TV shows. During the presentation of the case, the State introduced the jury to the DNA evidence and other important physical evidence in the case. Rivers did not take the stand and the defense rested on the claim that Rivers's DNA got on the purse strap when he accidently bumped into Jones at the checkout lane of the grocery store while she was putting groceries into her grocery cart.
The defense also attacked the CPD because a former detective who worked on the Jones crime scene was convicted of domestic violence and assault on a female since the murder.
The defense also called into question the credibility and integrity of the former detective because he was alleged to have been romantically interested in Jones before her death. In fact, Jones had spoken with a CPD official, off the record, about the harassing phone calls she received from the former detective, although nothing was done by the department to stop the calls.
Tasks:
You are an intern working in the DA's office. The DA has asked you to help him assemble information about current trends in criminal justice that relate to the Jones murder case.
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a corresponding reference on a separate page of the report, compose a 5- to 6-page report using APA format, addressing the following:
·
Compare and contrast the current trends surrounding t.
Respect writer can you please send them in separate documents plse.docxpeggyd2
Respect writer
can you please send them in separate documents plse? Thank you
Assignment due April 10, 2014 6pm PST (Assignment 1 for Contemporary Issues class)
Back Story
The murder of Jones sent shock waves through the city of Centervale. Jason Rivers was convicted of second-degree murder and was sentenced to six years in prison.
In a strange twist of fate, the state legislature created a new law that addressed multiyear prison sentences, as the state legislature struggled to meet budgetary constraints, by releasing offenders who serve half their sentence if the offenders had no infractions within ninety days of the time they come up for release. Rivers was released after serving three and half years in prison. Unfortunately, within weeks, Rivers brutally assaulted an elderly female in an attempted robbery and his parole was revoked.
The case of Rivers has become the "poster child" for opponents of the new legislation who argue that criminal justice research shows offender recidivism rates are very high for violent offenders. On the other hand, proponents of the new legislation stand on the claim that Rivers is a victim because he did not have adequate programming available to him during his youth that would have steered him clear of criminal behavior; he should be given alternative sanctions to address his issues.
Citizens of Centervale approach the mayor and other city officials with concerns about how the police department operates in Centervale. Some of the citizens want a transparent police department and more stringent background checks before officers are hired. This move comes on the heels of the former
detective whose off-duty behavior was brought to the forefront during the murder trial of Rivers.
Citizens are concerned that crime is out of control in Centervale. Citizens are also disappointed by the new legislation that created the situation for Rivers's release because the elderly female who was victimized in the robbery was a beloved, retired, first-grade teacher in the Centervale Elementary School. Overall, citizens are showing little support for local and state law enforcement and are demonstrating little faith in the criminal justice system after the assault on the elderly woman.
As an intern for the DA's office, it is part of your duty to help the DA reach out to citizens in the community. The DA, the Chief of Police, and the Mayor have met on the issues raised by the citizens of Centervale. The DA's office is planning a Citizen's Academy in partnership with the Centervale Police Department.
The goal is not only to address the issues that citizens have with law enforcement and the criminal justice system, but also to educate citizens about the obstacles and challenges that criminal justice professionals face in trying to do the right thing for the community, while balancing numerous variables that are out of their control
Tasks
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a corresponding reference .
1#1 Key Concepts in Building Law Enforcement Legitimac.docxkarisariddell
1
#1: Key Concepts in Building Law Enforcement Legitimacy
Law enforcement legitimacy is very important for both the agencies and the communities they serve and protect. There must be public trust and confidence in the police for their overall mission and objectives to be attained. There must also be a sense of obligation and responsibility by the citizenry to accept police authority. For legitimacy to exist, a belief that police actions are morally justified and appropriate to the circumstances should be shared by the public. The Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (ICJIA) is just one organization in the U.S. that promotes the notion that when police are perceived to be procedurally just in their actions, public recognition of police legitimacy improved along with the ability of police to carry out their responsibilities effectively (http://www.icjia.state.il.us/articles/procedural-justice-in-policing-how-the-process-of-justice-impacts-public-attitudes-and-law-enforcement-outcomes).
#2: Prevailing Opinions of the Legitimacy of Law Enforcement in the U.S.
Many general opinions on the legitimacy of law enforcement may be formed by the perception of police behavior being lawful vs. procedurally just. The general public have a limited understanding of the law as it pertains to statutes and the Constitution, but most people have a strong understanding of behavior that is considered procedurally just and unjust. In other words, an officer’s behavior may be within the legal scope of authority but completely wrong as being procedurally just. Officer behavior during traffic stops, searches, attitudes, verbal commands and overall interpersonal exchanges with the public all contribute to the public opinion of legitimacy in law enforcement (http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/RIC/publications/cops-p241-pub). Prevailing opinions among member of communities of color tend to be more negative toward legitimacy of law enforcement because of issues pertaining to racial profiling, higher arrest rates, mistreatment and over enforcement, in comparison to predominantly white communities.
#3: The Impact of Racial Profiling and Disproportionate Contact with Ethnic Groups
Both racial profiling and disproportionate contact with certain racial groups undermine legitimacy because it destroys trust between law enforcement and those respective racial groups. It erodes the belief that police actions are morally justified and should be supported and adhered to. Racial profiling also undermines the effectiveness of law enforcement by having the opposite affect on the goal of detecting and reducing crime. Policing efforts focused on race allows other important factors to go undetected when seeking to detect and reduce crime. If minority groups have lower hit rates compared to whites, an entire swath of criminal activity goes undetected to the detriment of the community. Additionally, the use of statistical discrimination have further advanced the not.
Assignment due April 10, 2014 6pm PST (Assignment 1 for Contempora.docxssuser562afc1
Assignment due April 10, 2014 6pm PST (Assignment 1 for Contemporary Issues class)
Back Story
The murder of Jones sent shock waves through the city of Centervale. Jason Rivers was convicted of second-degree murder and was sentenced to six years in prison.
In a strange twist of fate, the state legislature created a new law that addressed multiyear prison sentences, as the state legislature struggled to meet budgetary constraints, by releasing offenders who serve half their sentence if the offenders had no infractions within ninety days of the time they come up for release. Rivers was released after serving three and half years in prison. Unfortunately, within weeks, Rivers brutally assaulted an elderly female in an attempted robbery and his parole was revoked.
The case of Rivers has become the "poster child" for opponents of the new legislation who argue that criminal justice research shows offender recidivism rates are very high for violent offenders. On the other hand, proponents of the new legislation stand on the claim that Rivers is a victim because he did not have adequate programming available to him during his youth that would have steered him clear of criminal behavior; he should be given alternative sanctions to address his issues.
Citizens of Centervale approach the mayor and other city officials with concerns about how the police department operates in Centervale. Some of the citizens want a transparent police department and more stringent background checks before officers are hired. This move comes on the heels of the formerdetective whose off-duty behavior was brought to the forefront during the murder trial of Rivers.
Citizens are concerned that crime is out of control in Centervale. Citizens are also disappointed by the new legislation that created the situation for Rivers's release because the elderly female who was victimized in the robbery was a beloved, retired, first-grade teacher in the Centervale Elementary School. Overall, citizens are showing little support for local and state law enforcement and are demonstrating little faith in the criminal justice system after the assault on the elderly woman.
As an intern for the DA's office, it is part of your duty to help the DA reach out to citizens in the community. The DA, the Chief of Police, and the Mayor have met on the issues raised by the citizens of Centervale. The DA's office is planning a Citizen's Academy in partnership with the Centervale Police Department.
The goal is not only to address the issues that citizens have with law enforcement and the criminal justice system, but also to educate citizens about the obstacles and challenges that criminal justice professionals face in trying to do the right thing for the community, while balancing numerous variables that are out of their control
Tasks
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a corresponding reference on a separate page of the report, compose a 8- to 10-page report using APA format ...
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Learning Objectives
• Review the ideological and financial obstacles to criminal justice system reform.
• Analyze the disconnect between popular assumptions and scientific evidence about crime.
• Analyze evidence-driven crime-control strategies in contemporary America.
• Understand options to reform to the criminal justice system in contemporary America.
• Contrast retributivism and restorative justice as guiding principles for criminal justice.
• Articulate the critical role of interdisciplinary approaches to criminal justice system reform.
Reducing Crime and Reforming
the Criminal Justice System
10
coL82305_10_c10_307-338.indd 307 7/5/13 4:23 PM
Section 10.1 The Challenge of the Status Quo CHAPTER 10
In August of 2010, after serving nearly 10 years in prison for two bank robberies, Lance
Brown walked out of a North Carolina prison a free man. Since his release he has been
struggling with poverty and homelessness and was forced out of a homeless shelter for
fighting with another patron. In April of 2012, Brown approached his parole officer and
asked what he needed to do to get put back in prison! His parole officer referred him to
a series of agencies and support services that Brown did not pursue. Instead, he walked
into the local courthouse in Columbus Georgia and threatened to kill the president of the
United States. However, officers did not believe that Brown’s threats were credible and
thus there were no consequences. Apparently frustrated, Brown exited the courthouse
and promptly threw a brick through the glass front door of the courthouse. Brown was
held in jail for 9 months awaiting trial. At trial he was sentenced to 1 month in jail and
3 years probation for malicious mischief. In court, Brown noted that his behavior would
result in shelter in a facility in which at least, “someone’s going to offer me a sandwich
and drink” (Associated Press, 2012, p. 1).
Many experts believe that the problem of crime in America is grounded in larger issues
of social structural marginality. Thus, issues like the economy, poverty, health care, and
education may be central in an encompassing crime-control strategy.
10.1 The Challenge of the Status Quo
One of the paramount challenges in criminology is developing systematic, evidence-driven and practical public policies to address the crime problem. However, pub-lic policy does not exist in a vacuum; developing, implementing, and evaluating
cost-effective and pragmatic crime-control policies is only part of the challenge. Many
experts highlight that changes in criminal justice policy include a series of obstacles. There
are ideological barriers to change given America’s historic support of “tough on crime”
policies. There are individuals and industries that benefit from the criminal justice system
in its existing form. And individuals and groups reap massive profits from committing
crime in America an ...
Discussion 1Self-review of Course Please respond to the fol.docxduketjoy27252
Discussion 1
Self-review of Course" Please respond to the following:
•Near the beginning of this Course Guide, you will find 15 course outcomes. Based on these outcomes, address the following:
◦Select at least one outcome that was well accomplished from your point of view and explain why.
◦Select at least one outcome that was not well accomplished and that you believe needed further coverage.
•Provide at least one enlightening experience you had in this course. For example, what fact or concept was new, surprising, or very interesting and you would not have known if you had not taken the course. Explain why this is valuable to you.
Discussion 2
•Choose at least three terms from the Science Corner and discuss how those terms are explained by the author. Evaluate how the weekly Science Corner helps you understand the main concept in weekly reading. Explain how they provide you more thoughts or increase your interest in the field of physical science.
Hate Crimes: A Critical Perspective
Author(s): James B. Jacobs and Kimberly A. Potter
Source: Crime and Justice, Vol. 22 (1997), pp. 1-50
Published by: The University of Chicago Press
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1147570
Accessed: 27/12/2009 17:36
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at
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http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=ucpress
James B. Jacobs and Kimberly A. Potter
Hate Crimes: A Critical
Perspective
ABSTRACT
During the past decade, spurred by claims that the country is experiencing
a hate crime epidemic, Congress and the majority of states have enacted
laws increasing the punishment for crimes motivated by officially
disfavored prejudice.
Week 6 Discussion 1The Courts and Legal Professionals Pleas.docxcockekeshia
Week 6 Discussion 1
"The Courts and Legal Professionals" Please respond to the following:
· Examine at least two (2) ethical concerns surrounding supranational courts that may have an influence on the United States’ reluctance to ratify the Rome Statute. Express the extent to which you agree these ethical concerns are valid. Provide support for your response.
· According to the textbook, judicial independence is a driving principle in the court system. Determine at least two (2) factors that can impede this principle and debate the extent to which the court system can overcome each factor.
Please also reply to the student
Stephanie Little
RE: Week 6 Discussion 1
Supranational courts are judicial mechanisms that direct judge’s decisions across international borders and supposedly have a higher legal standing than decisions of courts in individual countries and they are part of a larger trend to promote global human rights and global justice. Supranational courts serve to help provide individual citizens who have exhausted all their legal means of redress but feel they have been wronged by the justice system in a particular country and they hold those responsible for international law violations to a higher standard than are present in domestic courts. The Rome Statue is an international treaty binding only on those states that formally express their consent to be bound by its provisions. Clinton administration signed the treaty in late 2000, but the Bush administration immediately “unsigned” it in 2001. After they “unsigned” the treaty U.S. congress passed American Service Members Protection Act, which prohibits American Cooperation with the ICC. This authorizes the president to use military force against the court if it attempts to prosecute an American Citizen. One of the main concerns against the ICC is the fear that the U.S., being as powerful as it is, and with military present throughout the world would be vulnerable to prosecutions. Obama took a different route with this treaty stating they will work with the ICC on prosecution on certain matters. The ICC also prosecutes against a panel of judges that could be walking a fine line of violating the 6th amendment. This is not exactly giving the rights to an accused person in a criminal case, if a panel of judges within that country are reviewing your case. When in the U.S. they have the right to a jury trial. I do believe these concerns are valid, especially with the military. The U.S. military is everywhere, like previously stated, if they could be prosecuted in another country they would become more of a target then they already are.
One huge factor that will/can impede this principle is the media. The media will take one small statement they heard and run with it. Then it turns into something else and so on. During larger trials the jury is sometimes not allowed to review the news or any forms of media, due to possible swaying of the case. This keeps the case to only what is h.
According to Robinson, when we compare America to countries around.docxannetnash8266
According to Robinson, when we compare America to countries around the world, America does not have a high rate of crime, but has one of the highest rates of lethal violence (2012). Discuss three factors that are contributing to lethal violence. Using the Problem Analysis Triangle (introduced in Week Two), discuss three potential initiatives to counter gun violence. What are examples of initiatives outside the criminal justice system (i.e., law enforcement, courts, and corrections) that can impact crime and criminal issues?
THIS ASSIGNMENT IS COMPLETED ABOVE, YOUR NEXT ASSIGNMENT IS TO:
Respond to at least two of your classmates’ Review the initial posts of your classmates. They discussed three factors that contribute to lethal violence.
“Select one of these factors and discuss what the implications and consequences of the factor are on social justice in society.”
“Does this factor enhance or detract from criminal justice?”
PROVIDE FEEDBACK ON TWO CLASSMATES POSTS. THE LENGTH MUST BE 200 WORDS EACH POST. THERE ARE TWO FEEDBACKS YOU MUST DO. MUST BE POSITIVE FEEDBACK, PROPER GRAMMAR/SENTENCE STRUCTURE, AND ANY OUTSIDE SOURCES YOU USE THAT RELATES TO THE FEEDBACK FROM THE STUDENT MUST BE PROPERLY CITED/SCHOLARY SOURCE.
FIRST DISCUSSION RESPONSE FROM MICHELLE G.
Lethal violence is any kind of violence that requires using other ways of fighting other than just your fists. Three factors contributing to lethal violence would be the easy distribution of guns and access to them, media including television and movies, and our peers. I say our peers because they can easily influence others around them and if a child's parents have guns in the home and use them for hunting and do not talk to their children about gun safety and the proper way use of a gun that can be lethal by having that gun in the home. The media reflects how people act and think they need to be. For example movies where there are gun fights and high speed chases makes younger viewers feel as though that is not uncommon and happens all the time if they are not talked to about what they saw. The media puts things into peoples head that things are cool like having a hand gun or women need to be skinny, tan, and have blonde hair in order to look good. Buy being able to own a gun as long as you are not a felon makes it easy for anyone over the age of 18 to walk into a store and buy a gun giving access to anyone in that house the ability to touch that gun. Outside of the criminal justice system initiatives that could be taken would for teachers to talk to students about gun safety and the proper use of a gun, parents educating their children and teaching them the correct purposes of gun use, and talk about gun violence and how it affects everyone around and why it is wrong. Also, the community could be on the watch for people who may be selling guns illegally out of a house to stop felons from getting a gun. I also feel that schools could hosts assemblies that have people who were gun sh.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
CJA 498 help A Guide to career/Snaptutorial
1. CJA 498 Module 1 Assignment 3 History Past and
Future
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CJA 498 Module 1 Assignment 3 History Past and Future
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2. CJA 498 Module 2 Assignment 2 Criminal Justice
Tree
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Different agencies in the criminal justice system have different functions,
methodologies, and manners of functioning, even though the overall
mission of all agencies is public safety.
3. The federal, state, and local entities have different functions even though
their goals are the same—public safety, security, and welfare. The
federal, state, and local authorities are often barred from working on the
same type of cases, but, in many instances, they assist one another and
compliment the efforts of one another with their specialized knowledge,
training, capabilities, and resources. Additionally, different agencies
from different levels of the government bring their own contacts,
thought processes, and specializations that are unavailable elsewhere in
an effort to fight crime.
Tasks:
Using the readings from the textbook, the Argosy University online
library resources, and other outside sources, write a 2–3-page report
including the following:
Identify and examine one agency from the local, state, and federal levels
of law enforcement that focuses on a crime of your choice.
Compare and contrast the roles and authority of these agencies. (For
example, if you are interested in animals and nature, you might examine
a local animal control or humane agency, your state's game warden
service, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service).
Compare and contrast the different jurisdictions, duties, and resources
used by the city, county, and federal agencies that might investigate a
kidnapping, robbery, or potential act of terror.
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CJA 498 Module 3 Assignment 2 LASA 1 A High-
Profile Centervale Murder Case Takes Center
Stage
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Here's What Happened . . .
The murder of Cindy Jones, a young woman, stunned the community in
Centervale. Five years ago, a young woman was found strangled to
death in her car outside a grocery store in Centervale. For the past five
years, the Centervale Police Department (CPD) has worked tirelessly to
develop leads toward the identification of a suspect. Last year, the CPD
officials got a break when the State Crime Lab notified the lead
detective that the DNA sample recovered from the purse strap found
around Jones's neck indicated the involvement of Jason Rivers.
The District Attorney's (DA's) office has never had a case like this
before. Jones came from an honorable family in the community and
Rivers is a mentally challenged, middle-aged man who lives with his
5. father far from the grocery store. Rivers had been arrested more than
twenty-five times before the death of Jones. Centervale detectives have
surmised that Rivers happened to be in the area of the grocery store
where he supposedly encountered Jones.
Upon arrest, Rivers was found to be incompetent to proceed to trial and
a judge remanded him to a state custody. Recently, doctors at the State
Mental Health Hospital sent a notice that Rivers was no longer suffering
from the effects of substance abuse and is competent to stand trial. A
judge ruled in accordance with the doctors and the case was put on the
docket for trial.
During jury selection, the voir dire consisted of questions about how
potential jurors felt about law enforcement-related TV shows. During
the presentation of the case, the State introduced the jury to the DNA
evidence and other important physical evidence in the case. Rivers did
not take the stand and the defense rested on the claim that Rivers's DNA
got on the purse strap when he accidently bumped into Jones at the
checkout lane of the grocery store while she was putting groceries into
her grocery cart.
The defense also attacked the CPD because a former detective who
worked on the Jones crime scene was convicted of domestic violence
and assault on a female since the murder.
The defense also called into question the credibility and integrity of the
former detective because he was alleged to have been romantically
interested in Jones before her death. In fact, Jones had spoken with a
CPD official, off the record, about the harassing phone calls she received
from the former detective, although nothing was done by the department
to stop the calls.
Here Is What You Need to Do . . .
You are an intern working in the DA's office. The DA has asked you to
help him assemble information about current trends in criminal justice
that relate to the Jones murder case.
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a
corresponding reference on a separate page of the report, compose a 5-
to 6-page report using APA format, addressing the following:
6. Compare and contrast the current trends surrounding the murder of
Jones and violent crimes against individuals in the U.S. In addition,
identify and discuss issues surrounding the mentally challenged and
crime, specifically violent crimes against individuals. Support your
position with empirical research from academic sources.
Define and discuss the CSI effect. What challenges might the court face
as a result of the CSI effect? Identify and analyze two challenges that the
prosecution might face and two challenges that the defense might
experience due to the influence of the CSI effect in the courtroom.
Evaluate the importance of credibility and integrity of law enforcement
professionals. Analyze and discuss the role a law enforcement officer's
off-duty behavior plays in the establishment of his or her credibility and
integrity in the courtroom. Compare and contrast the issues in the Jones
murder case with a similar case you find online.
Based on what you know about the criminal justice system's current
trends in the courts and corrections, predict the outcome of the trial of
Rivers. If Rivers is convicted of first-degree murder, then mention the
type of sentence he might face.
Use your state's statute as a guideline for sentencing structure in this
type of case.
Compare your state's general sentencing guideline with another state's
sentence for first-degree murder.
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CJA 498 Module 4 Assignment 2 Balancing
Values
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7. Back sTory
When state budgets get tight, people's attitudes on the cost of
incarceration versus their attitude on alternatives to incarceration tend to
change. This assignment discusses the choices available to citizens when
the priorities on alternatives to incarceration conflict with each other.
Tasks:
Write a 2- to 3-page report, including the following:
Examine people's attitude toward the cost of incarceration versus their
attitude toward alternatives to incarceration, especially when budgets
shrink. How does the public's attitude toward incarceration and its
alternatives compare to the "Get Tough on Crime" and the "Three
Strikes" laws?
Do you place more value upon incapacitation or upon rehabilitation and
correction? In the end, which works better, or do they work best together
8. in some combination or hierarchy? Support your responses with
evidence from the readings for the course or other credible sources.
Discuss one article from real life (located using the readings from the
textbook, Argosy University online library resources, and any other
credible outside sources) demonstrating how some communities have
resolved the conflict in corrections between incapacitation and
correction.
Consider the parks versus prison conundrum. Do we spend more on
parks so as to nurture better society or more for prisons to remove and
restrain the evildoers? Are people born criminals or can their
environment—more parks, more employment, or educational
opportunities—deter or reduce crime and criminality?
Should communities ask for flexibility on laws that make crime
punishable? Support your responses with evidence from the readings for
the course or other credible sources.
Should communities outsource prison operations or do they agree to
increase taxes to maintain the incarceration rates? Support your
responses with evidence from the readings for the course or other
credible sources.
Analyze and explain whether community leaders (the politicians,
criminal justice professionals, community members, and businesses)
need to think of other solutions instead of punishment as an option for
offenders.
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CJA 498 Module 5 Assignment 1 LASA 2
Centervale’s Citizens Fear of Crime
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9. The murder of Jones sent shock waves through the city of Centervale.
Jason Rivers was convicted of second-degree murder and was sentenced
to six years in prison.
In a strange twist of fate, the state legislature created a new law that
addressed multiyear prison sentences, as the state legislature struggled to
meet budgetary constraints, by releasing offenders who serve half their
sentence if the offenders had no infractions within ninety days of the
time they come up for release. Rivers was released after serving three
and half years in prison. Unfortunately, within weeks, Rivers brutally
assaulted an elderly female in an attempted robbery and his parole was
revoked.
The case of Rivers has become the "poster child" for opponents of the
new legislation who argue that criminal justice research shows offender
recidivism rates are very high for violent offenders. On the other hand,
10. proponents of the new legislation stand on the claim that Rivers is a
victim because he did not have adequate programming available to him
during his youth that would have steered him clear of criminal behavior;
he should be given alternative sanctions to address his issues.
Citizens of Centervale approach the mayor and other city officials with
concerns about how the police department operates in Centervale. Some
of the citizens want a transparent police department and more stringent
background checks before officers are hired. This move comes on the
heels of the former detective whose off-duty behavior was brought to the
forefront during the murder trial of Rivers.
Citizens are concerned that crime is out of control in Centervale.
Citizens are also disappointed by the new legislation that created the
situation for Rivers's release because the elderly female who was
victimized in the robbery was a beloved, retired, first-grade teacher in
the Centervale Elementary School. Overall, citizens are showing little
support for local and state law enforcement and are demonstrating little
faith in the criminal justice system after the assault on the elderly
woman.
As an intern for the DA's office, it is part of your duty to help the DA
reach out to citizens in the community. The DA, the Chief of Police, and
the Mayor have met on the issues raised by the citizens of Centervale.
The DA's office is planning a Citizen's Academy in partnership with the
Centervale Police Department.
The goal is not only to address the issues that citizens have with law
enforcement and the criminal justice system, but also to educate citizens
about the obstacles and challenges that criminal justice professionals
face in trying to do the right thing for the community, while balancing
numerous variables that are out of their control
Tasks
Using in-text citations to cite all sources that are linked to a
corresponding reference on a separate page of the report, compose a 8-
to 10-page report using APA format, addressing the following:
Evaluate and discuss the totality of the situation presented here in LASA
1 and LASA 2. What patterns and cycles can you identify that relate to
11. patterns and cycles in the trends of the US Criminal Justice System?
Discuss a minimum of two patterns from the historical perspective to
create a foundation for the remainder of your report on the overarching
issues.
Analyze and discuss the damaging effects of corruption on law
enforcement by relating this issue to the arrest of a law enforcement
officer for a high-profile crime—property, violent, or white collar.
Explain how an officer's choices and behavior might affect an entire law
enforcement agency, its reputation in the community, agency funding,
and other community or criminal justice-related issues.
Discuss how the legislature defines criminal behavior and how money
influences every decision they make for the criminal justice system's
daily functions. (Often, citizens have no idea of the events going on in
their state capitals until new legislation is signed into law. This was the
case in Centervale when citizens learned of Rivers's release.) Suggest a
plan on how Centervale's criminal justice professionals can help to
bridge the gap between the legislature and the citizens by bringing more
awareness about legislation that might affect them before it is signed
into law (that is, public safety legislation, sentencing trends in legislation,
and crime control legislation).
Support your position on the early release of violent offenders from
prison with criminal justice research on recidivism and other pertinent
topics, such as budgetary constraints.
Analyze and discuss the citizens "fear of crime" concern that they have
brought to the Mayor and other city officials from the violent crime
standpoint. In addition, create recommendations as supported by
research and examples for how Centervale officials, including the DA's
office and CPD employees, can work together to restore the confidence
of the citizens. This move comes on the heels of the former detective
whose off-duty behavior was brought to the forefront during the murder
trial of Rivers. The detective used personal information he collected
during investigations to purchase personal items
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